{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2780318220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","title":"The Met Office Global Coupled Model 3.0 and 3.1 (GC3.0 and GC3.1) Configurations","display_name":"The Met Office Global Coupled Model 3.0 and 3.1 (GC3.0 and GC3.1) Configurations","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2780318220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","mag":"2780318220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/2017ms001115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","pdf_url":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/2017MS001115","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185824406","display_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","issn_l":"1942-2466","issn":["1942-2466"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/2017MS001115","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010969752","display_name":"Keith D. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7026-7614","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7026-7614"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"K. D. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083742869","display_name":"Dan Copsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9706-9033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9706-9033"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Copsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089357421","display_name":"Ed Blockley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-4238","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0489-4238"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. W. Blockley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018344602","display_name":"Alejandro Bodas\u2010Salcedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7890-2536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7890-2536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Bodas\u2010Salcedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065294235","display_name":"Daley Calvert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Calvert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007352804","display_name":"Ruth E. Comer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5336-0244","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5336-0244"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Comer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. Davis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018124545","display_name":"Tim R. Graham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-8111","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-8111"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072582147","display_name":"Helene Theresa Hewitt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7432-6001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7432-6001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. T. Hewitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Hill","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054450322","display_name":"Patrick Hyder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-7277","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-7277"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Hyder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080839718","display_name":"Sarah Ineson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2651-8463","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2651-8463"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Ineson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111474444","display_name":"T. C. Johns","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. C. Johns","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014998263","display_name":"Ann B. Keen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. B. Keen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041519086","display_name":"Robert William Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-5559","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-5559"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112368","display_name":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwwe276","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141816643","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210112368"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. W. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK","National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112368","https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112368","https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085074060","display_name":"Alex P. Megann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0975-6317","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0975-6317"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197940685","display_name":"National Oceanography Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/00874hx02","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197940685"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Megann","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Oceanography Centre Southampton UK","National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Oceanography Centre Southampton UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197940685"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197940685"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001808635","display_name":"Sean F. Milton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2109-9770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2109-9770"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. F. Milton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110524991","display_name":"Jamie G. L. Rae","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. G. L. Rae","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008188167","display_name":"Malcolm John Roberts","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6128-6979","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6128-6979"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. J. Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081992122","display_name":"Adam A. Scaife","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5189-7538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5189-7538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. A. Scaife","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005356492","display_name":"Reinhard K. H. Schiemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-9856","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-9856"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112368","display_name":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwwe276","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141816643","https://openalex.org/I4210087105","https://openalex.org/I4210112368"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Schiemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK","National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112368","https://openalex.org/I71052956"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112368","https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054711807","display_name":"David Storkey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-5335","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8000-5335"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Storkey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040807887","display_name":"Livia Thorpe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Thorpe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080830588","display_name":"I. G. Watterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-018X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9484-018X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1292875679","display_name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","ror":"https://ror.org/03qn8fb07","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. G. Watterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSIRO Aspendale Australia","CSIRO, Aspendale, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO Aspendale Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSIRO, Aspendale, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014044117","display_name":"David Walters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-7378","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0383-7378"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. N. Walters","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000430909","display_name":"Alex West","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-6848","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-6848"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. West","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067528853","display_name":"Richard Wood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3960-9513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3960-9513"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020680315","display_name":"Tim J. Woollings","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-9079","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5815-9079"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Woollings","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary Physics Oxford UK","Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Oxford, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary Physics Oxford UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary Physics, Oxford, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005320269","display_name":"Prince Xavier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-384X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-384X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293035123","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. K. Xavier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Met Office Exeter UK","Met Office, Exeter, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office Exeter UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Met Office, Exeter, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010969752"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1293035123"],"apc_list":{"value":2650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2650},"apc_paid":{"value":2650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2650},"fwci":18.4769,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":738,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99606446,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"357","last_page":"380"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/met-office-unified-model","display_name":"Met Office Unified Model","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gc3s","display_name":"GC3","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmip6","display_name":"CMIP6","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hadgem2-ao","display_name":"HadGEM2-AO","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-variability","display_name":"tropical variability","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-cycle","display_name":"water cycle","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-blocking","display_name":"atmospheric blocking","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-model-evaluation","display_name":"climate model evaluation","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-coupling","display_name":"model coupling","score":0.5080000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197640229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2534066","display_name":"Predictability","level":2,"score":0.813077449798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6382766366004944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197115733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136","display_name":"Forcing (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5934815406799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5879313349723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72319357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063457","display_name":"Extratropical cyclone","level":2,"score":0.5259801745414734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.5017335414886475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778835443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39061","display_name":"Northern Hemisphere","level":2,"score":0.47363394498825073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.41503962874412537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134097258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","level":2,"score":0.41374433040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3514629900455475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.3045458197593689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16900795698165894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.12852469086647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11909711360931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11748996376991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/2017ms001115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","pdf_url":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/2017MS001115","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185824406","display_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","issn_l":"1942-2466","issn":["1942-2466"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:74261","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90006789.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402273","display_name":"CentAUR (University of Reading)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","host_organization_name":"University of Reading","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:53976442308d43aebb777b949532840b","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/53976442308d43aebb777b949532840b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol 10, Iss 2, Pp 357-380 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/2017ms001115","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017ms001115","pdf_url":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/2017MS001115","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185824406","display_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","issn_l":"1942-2466","issn":["1942-2466"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.4300000071525574}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1298458156","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(GA01101)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310514","funder_display_name":"Department of Energy and Climate Change"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1876392220","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ncas10009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1947995952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GA01101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320331","funder_display_name":"Met Office"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2078274656","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ncas10009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4227455053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"noc010010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6820472430","display_name":"Hadley Centre Climate Prediction Programme","funder_award_id":"GA01101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319995","funder_display_name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G92700562","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"noc010010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","funder_display_name":"Sight Research UK"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310514","display_name":"Department of Energy and Climate Change","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319995","display_name":"Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government","ror":"https://ror.org/00tnppw48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320022","display_name":"Sight Research UK","ror":"https://ror.org/03z2py885"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320331","display_name":"Met Office","ror":"https://ror.org/01ch2yn61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2780318220.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2780318220.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96291240","https://openalex.org/W1480551390","https://openalex.org/W1504033443","https://openalex.org/W1514137583","https://openalex.org/W1519949070","https://openalex.org/W1592535415","https://openalex.org/W1763288579","https://openalex.org/W1835770454","https://openalex.org/W1860063347","https://openalex.org/W1881682031","https://openalex.org/W1888414340","https://openalex.org/W1925502865","https://openalex.org/W1936550881","https://openalex.org/W1967034402","https://openalex.org/W1971207437","https://openalex.org/W1975019927","https://openalex.org/W1981763432","https://openalex.org/W1983232468","https://openalex.org/W1984564165","https://openalex.org/W1985870611","https://openalex.org/W1989742661","https://openalex.org/W1998099504","https://openalex.org/W2006165291","https://openalex.org/W2015320755","https://openalex.org/W2019314030","https://openalex.org/W2022548072","https://openalex.org/W2042805511","https://openalex.org/W2055130292","https://openalex.org/W2055192091","https://openalex.org/W2064960533","https://openalex.org/W2068174768","https://openalex.org/W2069197937","https://openalex.org/W2079827920","https://openalex.org/W2092835074","https://openalex.org/W2093215882","https://openalex.org/W2101178042","https://openalex.org/W2104155220","https://openalex.org/W2108210644","https://openalex.org/W2112811756","https://openalex.org/W2117137064","https://openalex.org/W2118002644","https://openalex.org/W2118254064","https://openalex.org/W2120590257","https://openalex.org/W2121745948","https://openalex.org/W2130153763","https://openalex.org/W2140155467","https://openalex.org/W2141070101","https://openalex.org/W2144347609","https://openalex.org/W2147372260","https://openalex.org/W2147654971","https://openalex.org/W2158523444","https://openalex.org/W2159507917","https://openalex.org/W2160836964","https://openalex.org/W2162343095","https://openalex.org/W2166037956","https://openalex.org/W2172253502","https://openalex.org/W2176412098","https://openalex.org/W2176956584","https://openalex.org/W2176990229","https://openalex.org/W2303915963","https://openalex.org/W2382091334","https://openalex.org/W2464127147","https://openalex.org/W2498003209","https://openalex.org/W2509901096","https://openalex.org/W2526597492","https://openalex.org/W2539507525","https://openalex.org/W2566970618","https://openalex.org/W2571125268","https://openalex.org/W2754310675","https://openalex.org/W2763444776","https://openalex.org/W2787298971","https://openalex.org/W4211125169","https://openalex.org/W4211257092","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6724091470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210414265","https://openalex.org/W1977470302","https://openalex.org/W2535712708","https://openalex.org/W4362699262","https://openalex.org/W3099252661","https://openalex.org/W2083818139","https://openalex.org/W2133608144","https://openalex.org/W4388043618","https://openalex.org/W4390907339","https://openalex.org/W4391492763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,63,83,102],"Global":[2],"Coupled":[3,29],"3":[4],"(GC3)":[5],"configuration":[6,45,87,121],"of":[7,22,50,65,71,85,104,134,171,179,195,207],"the":[8,20,23,28,38,44,47,59,86,110,125,132,147,180],"Met":[9,112],"Office":[10,113],"Unified":[11],"Model":[12,30],"is":[13,19,67,98,106,136,142],"presented.":[14],"Among":[15],"other":[16],"applications,":[17],"GC3":[18,66,105,135,186],"basis":[21],"United":[24],"Kingdom's":[25],"submission":[26,126],"to":[27,127,175],"Intercomparison":[31],"Project":[32],"6":[33],"(CMIP6).":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36],"documents":[37],"model":[39,115],"components":[40,52],"that":[41],"make":[42],"up":[43],"(although":[46],"scientific":[48],"descriptions":[49],"these":[51],"are":[53,163,183,210],"in":[54,69,76,146,165,185],"companion":[55],"papers)":[56],"and":[57,74,95,117,161,168,189,197,200,202,232],"details":[58],"coupling":[60],"between":[61],"them.":[62],"performance":[64,103,133],"assessed":[68],"terms":[70],"mean":[72],"biases":[73],"variability":[75,199],"long":[77],"climate":[78,182],"simulations":[79],"using":[80],"present\u2010day":[81,181],"forcing.":[82],"suitability":[84],"for":[88],"predictability":[89],"on":[90],"shorter":[91],"time":[92],"scales":[93],"(weather":[94],"seasonal":[96],"forecasting)":[97],"also":[99],"briefly":[100],"discussed.":[101],"compared":[107],"against":[108,118],"GC2,":[109,139],"previous":[111],"coupled":[114],"configuration,":[116],"an":[119,226],"older":[120],"(HadGEM2\u2010AO)":[122],"which":[123,155],"was":[124],"CMIP5.":[128],"In":[129],"many":[130,177],"respects,":[131],"comparable":[137],"with":[138],"however,":[140],"there":[141,162],"a":[143,213],"notable":[144],"improvement":[145],"Southern":[148,224],"Ocean":[149],"warm":[150,223],"sea":[151,216],"surface":[152,203,217],"temperature":[153,191,218],"bias":[154,219],"has":[156],"been":[157],"reduced":[158],"by":[159],"75%,":[160],"improvements":[164],"cloud":[166],"amount":[167],"some":[169],"aspects":[170,178,194],"tropical":[172,196],"variability.":[173],"Relative":[174],"HadGEM2\u2010AO,":[176],"improved":[184],"including":[187,212],"tropospheric":[188],"stratospheric":[190],"structure,":[192],"most":[193],"extratropical":[198],"top\u2010of\u2010atmosphere":[201],"fluxes.":[204],"A":[205],"number":[206],"outstanding":[208],"errors":[209],"identified":[211],"residual":[214],"asymmetric":[215],"(cool":[220],"northern":[221],"hemisphere,":[222],"Ocean),":[225],"overly":[227],"strong":[228],"global":[229],"hydrological":[230],"cycle":[231],"insufficient":[233],"European":[234],"blocking.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":110},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":132},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
