{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2776489253","doi":null,"title":"Comparing Favorable and Unfavorable Attachment of Colloids in a Discrete Sandstone Fracture","display_name":"Comparing Favorable and Unfavorable Attachment of Colloids in a Discrete Sandstone Fracture","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2776489253","mag":"2776489253"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/79153","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/79153","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/1dad144b-e58d-43c5-b7ee-caddf6cf966b/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400261","display_name":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/1dad144b-e58d-43c5-b7ee-caddf6cf966b/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025915221","display_name":"Sean Patrick Spanik","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sean Patrick Spanik","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025915221"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10894","display_name":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","score":0.7720000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10894","display_name":"Groundwater flow and contamination studies","score":0.7720000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11331","display_name":"Fecal contamination and water quality","score":0.1071000024676323,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.011300000362098217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colloid-transport","display_name":"colloid transport","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/colloid-attachment","display_name":"colloid attachment","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sandstone-fractures","display_name":"sandstone fractures","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionic-strength","display_name":"ionic strength","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-discharge","display_name":"specific discharge","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-minimum","display_name":"secondary minimum","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-charge-heterogeneity","display_name":"surface charge heterogeneity","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractured-rock","display_name":"fractured rock","score":0.515999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183882617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3046749","display_name":"Cationic polymerization","level":2,"score":0.7897299528121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59789625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181780","display_name":"Colloid","level":2,"score":0.7333819270133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6162646412849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187428577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898396","display_name":"Ionic strength","level":3,"score":0.5319175124168396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780358262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540423","display_name":"Surface charge","level":2,"score":0.5266023874282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5134821534156799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2182769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500","display_name":"Ionic bonding","level":3,"score":0.4464956521987915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105569014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271208","display_name":"Porous medium","level":3,"score":0.44580426812171936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.4323926866054535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189942447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61186","display_name":"Microsphere","level":2,"score":0.42269012331962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131779359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471875","display_name":"Amine gas treating","level":2,"score":0.41027095913887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.4097260534763336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.34266412258148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.31965792179107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.24617251753807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.16912803053855896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.1066199541091919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.06843045353889465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/79153","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/79153","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/1dad144b-e58d-43c5-b7ee-caddf6cf966b/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400261","display_name":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2776489253","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/79153/3/Spanik_Sean_P_201711_MAS_thesis.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:utoronto.scholaris.ca:1807/79153","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1807/79153","pdf_url":"https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/1dad144b-e58d-43c5-b7ee-caddf6cf966b/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400261","display_name":"TSpace (University of Toronto)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","host_organization_name":"University of Toronto","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776489253.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2776489253.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W236234832","https://openalex.org/W321396340","https://openalex.org/W1488272194","https://openalex.org/W1521665050","https://openalex.org/W1553630333","https://openalex.org/W1587600010","https://openalex.org/W1603640275","https://openalex.org/W1613298756","https://openalex.org/W1755274857","https://openalex.org/W1969447674","https://openalex.org/W1974819257","https://openalex.org/W1975872063","https://openalex.org/W1976799942","https://openalex.org/W1977534541","https://openalex.org/W1978703672","https://openalex.org/W1979238110","https://openalex.org/W1980528158","https://openalex.org/W1981227733","https://openalex.org/W1986661446","https://openalex.org/W1987178018","https://openalex.org/W1988192950","https://openalex.org/W1988954906","https://openalex.org/W1993569160","https://openalex.org/W1994613814","https://openalex.org/W2003759482","https://openalex.org/W2007984080","https://openalex.org/W2008981917","https://openalex.org/W2011145413","https://openalex.org/W2017048267","https://openalex.org/W2018268732","https://openalex.org/W2018672663","https://openalex.org/W2020113935","https://openalex.org/W2020219601","https://openalex.org/W2023085258","https://openalex.org/W2023633772","https://openalex.org/W2025484071","https://openalex.org/W2026158916","https://openalex.org/W2029051275","https://openalex.org/W2029898402","https://openalex.org/W2029946133","https://openalex.org/W2031082026","https://openalex.org/W2031587360","https://openalex.org/W2031758652","https://openalex.org/W2031945933","https://openalex.org/W2032041083","https://openalex.org/W2033792967","https://openalex.org/W2034518027","https://openalex.org/W2035838543","https://openalex.org/W2036869163","https://openalex.org/W2038843999","https://openalex.org/W2039338192","https://openalex.org/W2040692275","https://openalex.org/W2041304041","https://openalex.org/W2042438728","https://openalex.org/W2044896565","https://openalex.org/W2046953104","https://openalex.org/W2054021651","https://openalex.org/W2054383174","https://openalex.org/W2055862080","https://openalex.org/W2056212440","https://openalex.org/W2058002642","https://openalex.org/W2059330686","https://openalex.org/W2059703841","https://openalex.org/W2068821917","https://openalex.org/W2070428639","https://openalex.org/W2072419120","https://openalex.org/W2073394315","https://openalex.org/W2075975954","https://openalex.org/W2076221198","https://openalex.org/W2081383799","https://openalex.org/W2082700434","https://openalex.org/W2084356427","https://openalex.org/W2084416937","https://openalex.org/W2085998034","https://openalex.org/W2087521466","https://openalex.org/W2087840123","https://openalex.org/W2093763897","https://openalex.org/W2094538287","https://openalex.org/W2097596230","https://openalex.org/W2110195077","https://openalex.org/W2112185102","https://openalex.org/W2124766968","https://openalex.org/W2125144207","https://openalex.org/W2131214717","https://openalex.org/W2133078234","https://openalex.org/W2136090836","https://openalex.org/W2142581891","https://openalex.org/W2147521802","https://openalex.org/W2149690729","https://openalex.org/W2156183901","https://openalex.org/W2159529419","https://openalex.org/W2161225337","https://openalex.org/W2166910181","https://openalex.org/W2194893898","https://openalex.org/W2289416505","https://openalex.org/W2325674269","https://openalex.org/W2343618225","https://openalex.org/W2482627121","https://openalex.org/W2498663153","https://openalex.org/W2524745613","https://openalex.org/W4235171961"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3211233390","https://openalex.org/W2328163743","https://openalex.org/W2590123744","https://openalex.org/W2412757423","https://openalex.org/W2050066871","https://openalex.org/W2044668540","https://openalex.org/W3030583561","https://openalex.org/W1994613814","https://openalex.org/W757284051","https://openalex.org/W2894478625"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"compares":[2],"the":[3,54,74,100,138],"results":[4],"of":[5,64,76,89],"cationic":[6,96],"amine-modified":[7],"latex":[8,15],"(favorable":[9],"attachment)":[10,17],"and":[11,30,38,41,47,103,118,140,142],"anionic":[12,90],"carboxylate":[13],"modified":[14],"(unfavorable":[16],"microsphere":[18,26],"transport":[19,57],"through":[20],"a":[21,77,126],"discrete":[22],"sandstone":[23,101],"fracture.":[24],"Two":[25],"sizes":[27],"(200":[28],"nm":[29],"1000":[31],"nm),":[32],"two":[33,42],"ionic":[34,65],"strengths":[35],"(5":[36],"mM":[37],"10":[39],"mM),":[40],"specific":[43,144],"discharges":[44],"(0.35":[45],"mm.s-1":[46],"0.70":[48],"mm.s-1)":[49],"were":[50],"tested":[51,111],"to":[52,73,99,134],"observe":[53],"impact":[55],"on":[56],"under":[58],"both":[59],"attachment":[60,71,85,94,120],"conditions.":[61,86],"The":[62,87],"effect":[63],"strength":[66],"was":[67,113,132],"significant":[68,82],"for":[69,83],"unfavorable":[70,119],"due":[72],"presence":[75],"secondary":[78],"minimum,":[79],"but":[80],"not":[81],"favorable":[84,93,117],"recovery":[88],"microspheres":[91,97],"resembled":[92],"when":[95],"attached":[98],"surface":[102,105],"created":[104],"charge":[106],"heterogeneities.":[107],"For":[108],"all":[109],"conditions":[110],"there":[112],"less":[114,135],"separation":[115],"between":[116,137],"than":[121],"would":[122],"be":[123],"expected":[124],"in":[125,146],"comparable":[127],"porous":[128],"media":[129],"study,":[130],"which":[131],"attributed":[133],"contact":[136],"colloid":[139],"collector":[141],"higher":[143],"discharge":[145],"fractured":[147],"media.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2018-01-05T00:00:00"}
