{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2774744141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","title":"Foliar Application of Potassium Sulfate Partially Alleviates Pre-anthesis Drought-induced Kernel Abortion in Maize","display_name":"Foliar Application of Potassium Sulfate Partially Alleviates Pre-anthesis Drought-induced Kernel Abortion in Maize","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2774744141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","mag":"2774744141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17957/ijab/15.0317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045193159","display_name":"Ahmad Naeem Shahzad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6136-1585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6136-1585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Naeem Shahzad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102750558","display_name":"Ammara Fatima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-8829","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8979-8829"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161237661","display_name":"Lahore College for Women University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bf6br77","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161237661"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ammara Fatima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161237661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112317381","display_name":"Naeem Sarwar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Naeem Sarwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sajid Bashir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajid Bashir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101471687","display_name":"Muhammad Rizwan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1016-4335","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1016-4335"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Rizwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032017786","display_name":"Muhammad Farooq Qayyum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5976-9880","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5976-9880"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Farooq Qayyum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059765067","display_name":"Muhammad Kamran Qureshi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-0449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7578-0449","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-7048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Kamran Qureshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035021064","display_name":"Muhammad Haseeb Javaid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4680-5129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4680-5129"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Haseeb Javaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100676602","display_name":"Shakeel Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-3396","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8232-3396"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shakeel Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112317381"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9683,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84967037,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"03","first_page":"495","last_page":"501"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10014","display_name":"Plant Stress Responses and Tolerance","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize","display_name":"maize","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-stress","display_name":"drought stress","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-abortion","display_name":"kernel abortion","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foliar-potassium-application","display_name":"foliar potassium application","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium-sulfate","display_name":"potassium sulfate","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potassium-deficiency","display_name":"potassium deficiency","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-setting","display_name":"grain setting","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-number","display_name":"grain number","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cob-weight","display_name":"cob weight","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-potassium-content","display_name":"leaf potassium","score":0.8920000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8227431774139404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780512892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593803","display_name":"Anthesis","level":3,"score":0.7916048169136047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6670851707458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.6416059136390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778642596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8452","display_name":"Abortion","level":3,"score":0.5750684142112732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993531722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11575","display_name":"Zea mays","level":2,"score":0.5235214233398438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781042210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193054","display_name":"Potassium sulfate","level":3,"score":0.4954129457473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4516240954399109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.27477288246154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08862274885177612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.08575844764709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83323","display_name":"Fertilizer","level":2,"score":0.06984782218933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06698468327522278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17957/ijab/15.0317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17957/ijab/15.0317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17957/ijab/15.0317","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S26277462","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","issn_l":"1560-8530","issn":["1560-8530","1814-9596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113243","host_organization_name":"Friends Science Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Friends Science Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2774744141.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2774744141.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566194040","https://openalex.org/W1497876624","https://openalex.org/W1506661535","https://openalex.org/W1975220728","https://openalex.org/W1996492280","https://openalex.org/W1997444738","https://openalex.org/W2015228135","https://openalex.org/W2072122230","https://openalex.org/W2078935977","https://openalex.org/W2079136519","https://openalex.org/W2083208362","https://openalex.org/W2093146558","https://openalex.org/W2096101084","https://openalex.org/W2101408725","https://openalex.org/W2108796730","https://openalex.org/W2136801949","https://openalex.org/W2136883817","https://openalex.org/W2152901382","https://openalex.org/W2166590928","https://openalex.org/W2168584920","https://openalex.org/W2171438903","https://openalex.org/W2172299129","https://openalex.org/W2189495775","https://openalex.org/W2505780957"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3165162613","https://openalex.org/W2184331110","https://openalex.org/W7046741300","https://openalex.org/W2186534098","https://openalex.org/W4366834218","https://openalex.org/W1987839286","https://openalex.org/W2529677449","https://openalex.org/W4299973189","https://openalex.org/W949308198","https://openalex.org/W2188210471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reproductive":[0],"success":[1],"in":[2,15,111,145,201],"cereals":[3],"is":[4,168],"determined":[5],"primarily":[6],"by":[7,108],"grain":[8,11,95,102,143,196,199],"setting":[9,181],"and":[10,43,47,56,63,70,93,101,128,142,162,188,198],"filling.The":[12],"kernel":[13,180],"abortion":[14,29],"maize":[16,67],"during":[17],"pre-anthesis":[18],"drought":[19,40,78,115,146,183],"has":[20],"been":[21],"widely":[22],"studied,":[23],"but":[24],"the":[25,37,84,121,133],"reasons":[26],"behind":[27],"this":[28],"are":[30],"still":[31],"largely":[32],"unknown.The":[33],"present":[34],"study":[35],"investigated":[36],"impact":[38],"of":[39,50,66,73,89,114,126,138,148,152,165,186],"stress":[41,79],"(control":[42],"drought)":[44],"around":[45],"pollination":[46,81],"foliar":[48],"sprays":[49],"potassium":[51,171],"(K;":[52],"0,":[53],"1,":[54],"2":[55,127,187],"5%":[57,129,189],"K2SO4)":[58],"on":[59,160],"leaf":[60,134],"K":[61,130,135,153],"concentrations":[62,110],"yield":[64,144,163,200],"determinants":[65,164],"under":[68,182],"greenhouse":[69],"field":[71],"conditions.Results":[72],"both":[74,149],"experiments":[75],"revealed":[76],"that":[77,170],"before":[80,191],"strongly":[82],"reduced":[83],"cob":[85,92,97,99,112,141],"fresh":[86],"weights,":[87],"number":[88,137,197],"grains":[90,139],"per":[91,140],"hence":[94],"yields.While":[96],"length,":[98],"diameter":[100],"weights":[103],"were":[104,118],"only":[105],"slightly":[106,119],"affected":[107],"drought.Potassium":[109],"leaves":[113],"stressed":[116],"plants":[117],"below":[120],"critical":[122],"threshold":[123],"values.Foliar":[124],"spray":[125],"significantly":[131,194],"increased":[132],"concentration,":[136],"treatments":[147],"experiments.Foliar":[150],"application":[151,185],"had":[154],"little":[155],"or":[156],"no":[157],"significant":[158],"effect":[159],"growth":[161],"control":[166],"plants.It":[167],"concluded":[169],"deficiency":[172],"could":[173],"be":[174],"one":[175],"factor":[176],"associated":[177],"with":[178],"poor":[179],"stress.Foliar":[184],"K2SO4":[190],"silking":[192],"can":[193],"improve":[195],"droughtstressed":[202],"maize.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-12-22T00:00:00"}
