{"id":"https://openalex.org/W276904595","doi":null,"title":"Virus isolations from sewage and from a stream receiving effluents of sewage treatment plants.","display_name":"Virus isolations from sewage and from a stream receiving effluents of sewage treatment plants.","publication_year":1970,"publication_date":"1970-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W276904595","mag":"276904595","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4315865","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2427441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1451331","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2427441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2427441","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110086265","display_name":"Sa\u00fal Grinstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Grinstein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110024786","display_name":"Joseph L. Melnick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J L Melnick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110274804","display_name":"Craig Wallis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C Wallis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":39.1168,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99946652,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"2","first_page":"291","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11331","display_name":"Fecal contamination and water quality","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11331","display_name":"Fecal contamination and water quality","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10976","display_name":"Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-isolation","display_name":"virus isolation","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater","display_name":"wastewater","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewage-treatment-plant-effluent","display_name":"sewage treatment plant effluent","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stream-water","display_name":"stream water","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-concentration","display_name":"virus concentration","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poliovirus","display_name":"poliovirus","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-load","display_name":"viral load","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waterborne-viruses","display_name":"waterborne viruses","score":0.574999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58790150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10966166","display_name":"Sewage","level":2,"score":0.8606078624725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.757752001285553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.6474371552467346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.43057799339294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778819740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271197","display_name":"Echovirus","level":4,"score":0.4148298501968384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3431686758995056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.3305220603942871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32919687032699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777888124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q519796","display_name":"Enterovirus","level":3,"score":0.2969599962234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.14213940501213074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12191921472549438}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D008722","descriptor_name":"Methods","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012498","descriptor_name":"Sanitary Engineering","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012722","descriptor_name":"Sewage","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014871","descriptor_name":"Water Microbiology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017955","descriptor_name":"Poliovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D029822","descriptor_name":"Enterovirus B, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1451331","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2427441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2427441","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2427441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bull World Health Organ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:4315865","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4315865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:276904595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4315865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1451331","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2427441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.965499997138977,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8371999859809875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37364919","https://openalex.org/W261587550","https://openalex.org/W974891442","https://openalex.org/W1597855016","https://openalex.org/W1606200072","https://openalex.org/W2037636522","https://openalex.org/W2086784329","https://openalex.org/W2232648359","https://openalex.org/W2277889591","https://openalex.org/W2344382558","https://openalex.org/W2418837549","https://openalex.org/W4241750085"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597855016","https://openalex.org/W261587550","https://openalex.org/W2026858018","https://openalex.org/W2908042523","https://openalex.org/W2526830538","https://openalex.org/W2002124389","https://openalex.org/W2064442988","https://openalex.org/W2611427699","https://openalex.org/W1976220054","https://openalex.org/W1589232032"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,44],"order":[1],"to":[2,13,68,106,156],"detect":[3],"viruses":[4,56],"in":[5,18,48,82,159],"sewage":[6,74,80],"or":[7],"streams,":[8],"it":[9,152],"is":[10,153],"first":[11],"necessary":[12],"concentrate":[14],"the":[15,19,45,70,93,100],"virus":[16,30,94,144,158],"present":[17],"fluid":[20],"sample.":[21],"Available":[22],"methods":[23],"are":[24],"not":[25,38],"readily":[26],"manageable":[27],"for":[28,53],"concentrating":[29],"from":[31,103],"large":[32],"volumes":[33],"of":[34,55,73,76,86,115,130,135,139],"fluid,":[35],"and":[36,75,128],"have":[37],"always":[39],"yielded":[40],"high":[41,148],"recovery":[42],"rates.":[43],"study":[46],"described":[47],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"a":[51,77,83,90],"method":[52],"concentration":[54],"by":[57],"adsorption":[58],"on":[59],"insoluble":[60],"cross-linked":[61],"maleic":[62],"anhydride":[63],"polyelectrolytes":[64],"has":[65],"been":[66],"utilized":[67],"survey":[69],"viral":[71],"flora":[72],"stream":[78,101],"receiving":[79],"effluents,":[81],"residential":[84],"area":[85],"Houston,":[87],"Texas.":[88],"On":[89],"single":[91],"day":[92],"flow":[95],"at":[96],"different":[97],"points":[98],"along":[99],"varied":[102],"304":[104],"000":[105,109],"6":[107],"014":[108],"PFU/min.":[110],"From":[111],"84":[112],"samples":[113],"each":[114],"1":[116],"US":[117],"gal,":[118],"14":[119],"520":[120],"isolates":[121],"were":[122],"obtained,":[123],"chiefly":[124],"echovirus":[125],"type":[126],"7":[127],"polioviruses":[129],"all":[131],"3":[132],"types,":[133],"some":[134],"them":[136],"with":[137],"characteristics":[138],"virulent":[140],"wild":[141],"strains.":[142],"With":[143],"isolation":[145],"rates":[146],"as":[147,149],"those":[150],"achieved,":[151],"now":[154],"possible":[155],"monitor":[157],"natural":[160],"waters":[161],"more":[162],"effectively.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}