{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2767516631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","title":"Characterizing Sleep Stages by the Fractal Dimensions of Electroencephalograms","display_name":"Characterizing Sleep Stages by the Fractal Dimensions of Electroencephalograms","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2767516631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","mag":"2767516631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","pdf_url":"https://juniperpublishers.com/bboaj/pdf/BBOAJ.MS.ID.555584.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215419","display_name":"Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal","issn_l":"2573-2633","issn":["2573-2633"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://juniperpublishers.com/bboaj/pdf/BBOAJ.MS.ID.555584.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112330827","display_name":"Jiann-Yeu Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162838928","display_name":"National Chung Hsing University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vn3ca78","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162838928"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99613584","display_name":"National Taipei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e29r284","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiann-Yeu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Sustainable Energy and Nanotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928","https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112330827"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162838928","https://openalex.org/I99613584"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2751,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55591964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9101999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9101999998092651,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10985","display_name":"Sleep and Wakefulness Research","score":0.010400000028312206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-stages","display_name":"sleep stages","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"EEG","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-dimension","display_name":"fractal dimension","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eeg-analysis","display_name":"EEG signal analysis","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-staging","display_name":"sleep stage classification","score":0.6140000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.5861090421676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392","display_name":"Fractal","level":2,"score":0.5017292499542236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.44356653094291687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26546657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412452","display_name":"Fractal dimension","level":3,"score":0.4410698711872101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.43503522872924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38923725485801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.32766348123550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3109871447086334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3056313395500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24213877320289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.13485988974571228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","pdf_url":"https://juniperpublishers.com/bboaj/pdf/BBOAJ.MS.ID.555584.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215419","display_name":"Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal","issn_l":"2573-2633","issn":["2573-2633"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:adp:jbboaj:v:2:y:2017:i:2:p:41-47","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://juniperpublishers.com/bboaj/BBOAJ.MS.ID.555584.php","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.19080/bboaj.2017.02.555584","pdf_url":"https://juniperpublishers.com/bboaj/pdf/BBOAJ.MS.ID.555584.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215419","display_name":"Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal","issn_l":"2573-2633","issn":["2573-2633"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biostatistics and Biometrics Open Access Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3022470394","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSC101-2112-M-005-001-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","funder_display_name":"National Science Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311041","display_name":"National Center for Theoretical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02mfp0b67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321040","display_name":"National Science Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2767516631.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2767516631.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1851459677","https://openalex.org/W1906212027","https://openalex.org/W2001165258","https://openalex.org/W2018563407","https://openalex.org/W2037815975","https://openalex.org/W2040826447","https://openalex.org/W2059570713","https://openalex.org/W2073018172","https://openalex.org/W2089313895","https://openalex.org/W2097078813","https://openalex.org/W2103484453","https://openalex.org/W2127366967","https://openalex.org/W2145044385","https://openalex.org/W2420085356","https://openalex.org/W2525537354","https://openalex.org/W4240542796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100539545","https://openalex.org/W2114095168","https://openalex.org/W2019642871","https://openalex.org/W7099464386","https://openalex.org/W6998560109","https://openalex.org/W7098829403","https://openalex.org/W2012060192","https://openalex.org/W1995830506","https://openalex.org/W2119151371","https://openalex.org/W2294267416"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fourier":[0],"analysis":[1],"has":[2],"shown":[3],"that":[4,27,58],"human":[5],"electroencephalography":[6],"(EEG)":[7],"signals":[8],"mainly":[9],"consist":[10],"of":[11,31,39,83],"frequencies":[12],"below":[13,19],"80":[14],"Hz.Waves":[15],"with":[16,71],"a":[17,36,49],"frequency":[18,37],"13Hz":[20,42],"are":[21],"dominant":[22],"during":[23,59,66],"sleep.Here":[24],"we":[25],"find":[26],"the":[28,61,77,84],"fractal":[29,62,85],"dimensions":[30],"sleep":[32,54,73,90],"EEG":[33,91],"results":[34,56],"in":[35],"range":[38],"2Hz":[40],"to":[41,45,52,76],"have":[43],"potential":[44],"be":[46],"used":[47],"as":[48],"continuous":[50],"parameter":[51],"characterize":[53],"status.Our":[55],"show":[57],"sleep,":[60],"dimension":[63,86],"is":[64],"high":[65],"REM":[67],"stage":[68],"and":[69],"decreases":[70],"subsequent":[72],"stages":[74],"according":[75],"standard":[78],"scheme":[79],"[1].The":[80],"lowest":[81],"value":[82],"for":[87],"any":[88],"subject's":[89],"occurs":[92],"at":[93],"N3":[94],"(deep":[95],"sleep).":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-11-17T00:00:00"}