{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2767384166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jvmah2017.0570","title":"Full Length Research Paper Growth performance, feed conversion efficiency and blood characteristics of growing pigs fed on different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal","display_name":"Full Length Research Paper Growth performance, feed conversion efficiency and blood characteristics of growing pigs fed on different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2767384166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jvmah2017.0570","mag":"2767384166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/101621","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320558857_Growth_performance_feed_conversion_efficiency_and_blood_characteristics_of_growing_pigs_fed_on_different_levels_of_Moringa_oleifera_leaf_meal","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/107028","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088385205","display_name":"Jared Serem","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jared Serem","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032410909","display_name":"Raphael Githaiga Wahome","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7459-2606","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7459-2606"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.G. Wahome","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7459-2606","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073159038","display_name":"Daniel Waweru Gakuya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7506-192X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7506-192X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.W. Gakuya","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044702255","display_name":"Stephen Gitahi Kiama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-6283","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-6283"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen G. Kiama","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0217-6283","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061707765","display_name":"George Chege Gitao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-1902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-1902"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George C. Gitao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6098-1902","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058179037","display_name":"Daniel W. Onyango","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1251-4244","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1251-4244"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel W. Onyango","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.278,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86609585,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"327","last_page":"333"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10152","display_name":"Animal Nutrition and Physiology","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10450","display_name":"Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth","score":0.0017000000225380063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12721","display_name":"Moringa oleifera research and applications","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moringa-oleifera-leaf-meal","display_name":"Moringa oleifera leaf meal","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-pigs","display_name":"growing pigs","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pig-growth-performance","display_name":"pig growth performance","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-efficiency","display_name":"feed efficiency","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematology","display_name":"hematology","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-lipids","display_name":"serum lipids","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-inclusion-level","display_name":"dietary inclusion level","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daily-feed-intake","display_name":"daily feed intake","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weight-gain","display_name":"weight gain","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoglobin","display_name":"hemoglobin","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-cholesterol","display_name":"total cholesterol","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-blood-cell-count","display_name":"white blood cell count","score":0.7269999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778345441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6460735","display_name":"Meal","level":2,"score":0.7364485263824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.7155606746673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22830521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649967","display_name":"Feed conversion ratio","level":3,"score":0.6921564936637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310468","display_name":"Moringa","level":2,"score":0.6130078434944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778488018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42395","display_name":"White blood cell","level":2,"score":0.4945647418498993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781058662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1358504","display_name":"Mean corpuscular volume","level":3,"score":0.47272294759750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.45468947291374207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.4203999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.36653393507003784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2707693576812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.24019524455070496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780959883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111146","display_name":"Hematocrit","level":2,"score":0.15763172507286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.09345695376396179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/101621","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320558857_Growth_performance_feed_conversion_efficiency_and_blood_characteristics_of_growing_pigs_fed_on_different_levels_of_Moringa_oleifera_leaf_meal","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/107028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/107028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"mag:2767384166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/jvmah2017.0570","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/107028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764348649","display_name":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health","issn_l":"2141-2529","issn":["2141-2529"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2770431505","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/101401","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3011207432","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/kgitahi/publications/growth-performance-feed-conversion-efficiency-and-blood-characteristics-growing","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:11295/107028","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/107028","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402107","display_name":"University of Nairobi Research Archive (University of Nairobi)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12859529","host_organization_name":"University of Nairobi","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12859529"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3157328022","https://openalex.org/W3011207432","https://openalex.org/W2416006579","https://openalex.org/W2770431505","https://openalex.org/W2612546285","https://openalex.org/W2895915665","https://openalex.org/W7153993871","https://openalex.org/W1977794210","https://openalex.org/W7217921751","https://openalex.org/W7217472031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"determine":[1],"the":[2,106,173,181,217,254,272],"effects":[3],"of":[4,9,69,87,170,183,271],"inclusion,":[5],"at":[6,249],"different":[7],"levels":[8,251],"Moringa":[10],"oleifera":[11],"leaf":[12],"meal":[13],"(MOLM)":[14],"in":[15,125,150,172,193,224,234,253],"growing":[16],"\\npig":[17],"diets":[18,51],"on":[19],"pig\u2019s":[20],"daily":[21,130],"feed":[22,27],"intakes":[23],"(DFI),":[24],"growth":[25,269],"performance,":[26],"conversion":[28],"efficiency":[29],"(FCE),":[30],"\\nhaematology":[31],"and":[32,46,60,74,99,120,143,152,166,263],"plasma":[33],"lipid":[34,101],"indices,":[35],"a":[36,191],"total":[37],"24":[38],"pigs":[39,94,149],"aged":[40],"2.5":[41],"months":[42],"old":[43],"were":[44,78,90,238],"selected":[45],"assigned":[47],"\\nto":[48],"4":[49],"treatment":[50],"(T)":[52],"containing:":[53],"0%":[54],"(T1),":[55],"3%":[56],"(T2),":[57],"6%":[58],"(T3)":[59],"12%":[61],"(T4)":[62],"MOLM":[63,171,213,248],"concentrations,":[64],"each":[65],"\\nwith":[66],"2":[67,85,93],"replications":[68],"3":[70],"pigs.":[71],"The":[72,103],"DFI":[73,104],"weekly":[75],"pig":[76],"weights":[77],"monitored":[79],"for":[80,97,105,204],"7":[81],"weeks,":[82],"after":[83,187],"which":[84,188],"\\nsets":[86],"blood":[88,219,260],"samples":[89],"drawn":[91],"from":[92,230],"per":[95],"replication":[96],"haematology":[98],"serum":[100],"\\ndetermination.":[102],"T4":[107,144,164,194],"(3.16":[108],"kg)":[109,119,134,142,146],"was":[110,201],"significantly":[111,128,155,239],"higher":[112,129,156],"than":[113],"T1":[114,137,167,205,243],"(2.90":[115],"kg),":[116,139],"T2":[117,126,151,225,235],"(2.61":[118],"T3":[121,140,153,184,210],"\\n(2.54":[122],"kg).":[123],"Pigs":[124],"had":[127,154],"weight":[131],"gains":[132],"(0.836":[133],"compared":[135,162],"to":[136,163,180,209,227,242],"(0.807":[138],"\\n(0.810":[141],"(0.810":[145],"groups.":[147],"Furthermore,":[148],"FCE":[157],"(31.57":[158],"\\nand":[159],"31.23%":[160],"respectively)":[161],"(28.05%)":[165],"(30.31%).":[168],"Inclusion":[169],"diet":[174,214,255],"\\nsignificantly":[175],"increased":[176],"haemoglobin":[177],"concentration":[178],"only":[179],"level":[182],"(14.70":[185],"g/dL)":[186],"there":[189],"\\nwas":[190],"reduction":[192],"(12.70":[195],"g/dL).":[196],"Higher":[197],"mean":[198],"corpuscular":[199],"volume":[200],"also":[202,215],"observed":[203],"(60.0":[206],"fL)":[207],"\\ncompared":[208,226,241],"(52.30":[211],"fL).":[212],"improved":[216],"white":[218,259],"cell":[220,261],"counts;":[221],"16.70\u00d7109":[222],"\\n/L":[223,229],"14.50\u00d7109":[228],"T1.":[231],"Total":[232],"cholesterol":[233],"(2.80":[236],"mg/mL)":[237],"reduced":[240],"(3.90":[244],"mg/mL).":[245],"This":[246],"implies,":[247],"lower":[250],"(<6%)":[252],"improves":[256],"\\nhaemoglobin":[257],"concentration,":[258],"counts":[262],"exhibits":[264],"hypocholesterolemic":[265],"effects,":[266],"thereby":[267],"\\nimproving":[268],"performance":[270],"animals.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2017-11-17T00:00:00"}