{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2764624072","doi":null,"title":"Assessing Forgiveness: Development of a Brief, Broadly Applicable Self-report Measure","display_name":"Assessing Forgiveness: Development of a Brief, Broadly Applicable Self-report Measure","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2764624072","mag":"2764624072"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42653","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109268911","display_name":"Mary Kate Law","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mary Kate Law","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109268911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12551","display_name":"Forgiveness and Related Behaviors","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12313","display_name":"Emotions and Moral Behavior","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgiveness","display_name":"forgiveness","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-report-measure-development","display_name":"self-report measure development","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometric-properties","display_name":"psychometric properties","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-transgressions","display_name":"interpersonal transgressions","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger-and-aggression","display_name":"anger and aggression","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-consistency","display_name":"internal consistency","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergent-and-discriminant-validity","display_name":"convergent and discriminant validity","score":0.8009999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778731027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q537963","display_name":"Forgiveness","level":2,"score":0.6914375424385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.6449325084686279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54998920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16255102","display_name":"Self-report study","level":2,"score":0.4885576665401459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4736422598361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.30255186557769775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2630789875984192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.16772496700286865}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42653","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2764624072","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/42653","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/42653","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42653","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2764624072.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2764624072.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W597586496","https://openalex.org/W605108176","https://openalex.org/W1496028880","https://openalex.org/W1585649873","https://openalex.org/W1607171655","https://openalex.org/W1630598760","https://openalex.org/W1782375583","https://openalex.org/W1809711249","https://openalex.org/W1962258746","https://openalex.org/W1965872616","https://openalex.org/W1968524945","https://openalex.org/W1973234672","https://openalex.org/W1976506129","https://openalex.org/W1977775666","https://openalex.org/W1978630415","https://openalex.org/W1985067306","https://openalex.org/W1990578394","https://openalex.org/W1995425114","https://openalex.org/W2007322273","https://openalex.org/W2008629635","https://openalex.org/W2019718024","https://openalex.org/W2023054439","https://openalex.org/W2034635500","https://openalex.org/W2039330702","https://openalex.org/W2040122509","https://openalex.org/W2048274277","https://openalex.org/W2048286528","https://openalex.org/W2057141494","https://openalex.org/W2058513103","https://openalex.org/W2066235483","https://openalex.org/W2069863414","https://openalex.org/W2070430181","https://openalex.org/W2075532481","https://openalex.org/W2076067670","https://openalex.org/W2082758365","https://openalex.org/W2088557626","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2109549577","https://openalex.org/W2111683854","https://openalex.org/W2117882184","https://openalex.org/W2118347730","https://openalex.org/W2120996730","https://openalex.org/W2125118816","https://openalex.org/W2136513607","https://openalex.org/W2140614729","https://openalex.org/W2143234933","https://openalex.org/W2143506460","https://openalex.org/W2143834603","https://openalex.org/W2166653774","https://openalex.org/W2168160449","https://openalex.org/W2169480135","https://openalex.org/W2185638640","https://openalex.org/W2313220223","https://openalex.org/W2481544970","https://openalex.org/W2516305607","https://openalex.org/W2527732861","https://openalex.org/W2600686159","https://openalex.org/W2617147984","https://openalex.org/W2732754233","https://openalex.org/W2905278566","https://openalex.org/W2943728995","https://openalex.org/W3019637369","https://openalex.org/W3036057748","https://openalex.org/W3097351574"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2987378987","https://openalex.org/W3208933989","https://openalex.org/W7097113246","https://openalex.org/W2768955114","https://openalex.org/W2766570108","https://openalex.org/W2075532481","https://openalex.org/W2560369382","https://openalex.org/W2995928989","https://openalex.org/W2943728995","https://openalex.org/W2300371047"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Forgiveness":[0,77,141],"is":[1,81,88,317],"a":[2,27,57,82,184,212,248,298,312],"construct":[3],"that":[4,87,311],"has":[5,25,98],"captured":[6],"the":[7,53,70,73,114,118,129,139,158,163,172,179,190,194,220,269,289,308],"interest":[8],"of":[9,30,55,72,76,117,137,151,193,198,219,251,268,275,285,305,315],"researchers":[10],"and":[11,22,46,65,93,148,154,165,203,206,225,240,247,258,260,280,283,301],"practitioners":[12],"across":[13,44],"various":[14],"fields,":[15],"from":[16],"philosophy":[17],"to":[18,171,183],"biology;":[19],"however,":[20],"defining":[21],"measuring":[23],"forgiveness":[24,51,60,159,279,316],"been":[26,100],"challenge":[28],"because":[29],"its":[31],"complex":[32],"nature.":[33],"By":[34],"drawing":[35],"on":[36],"relationships":[37,233],"discovered":[38],"in":[39,49,69,169,181,230,277],"past":[40],"studies,":[41],"reviewing":[42],"definitions":[43],"disciplines,":[45],"noting":[47],"weaknesses":[48],"current":[50],"measures,":[52,160],"task":[54],"developing":[56],"broadly":[58,302],"applicable":[59,303],"measure":[61,103,136,304,314],"with":[62,132],"strong":[63],"theoretical":[64],"psychometric":[66,115],"roots":[67],"resulted":[68,229],"creation":[71],"General":[74],"Measure":[75],"(GMF).":[78],"The":[79],"GMF":[80,130,164,180,195,270,290],"brief,":[83,299],"Likert":[84],"response":[85,170,182],"questionnaire":[86],"appropriate":[89],"for":[90,104,200,216,238,245,256,293],"both":[91,201],"relationship":[92,175,202,286],"non-relationship":[94,105,186,204,278],"transgressions;":[95],"heretofore,":[96],"there":[97],"not":[99],"an":[101,110,121,133,207],"established":[102,134],"trangressions.":[106],"This":[107],"study":[108,309],"was":[109],"initial":[111],"investigation":[112],"into":[113],"properties":[116],"GMF.":[119],"In":[120],"online":[122],"design,":[123],"college":[124],"participants":[125,161],"(n=343)":[126],"were":[127],"administered":[128],"along":[131],"interpersonal":[135],"forgiveness,":[138],"Enright":[140,144],"Inventory":[142],"(EFI:":[143],"&":[145],"Rique,":[146],"2004),":[147],"other":[149],"measures":[150],"theoretically":[152],"related":[153],"unrelated":[155],"constructs.":[156],"For":[157],"completed":[162,178],"EFI":[166],"(order":[167],"counterbalanced)":[168],"same":[173],"self-generated":[174,185],"transgression,":[176],"then":[177],"transgression.":[187],"Results":[188],"supported":[189],"internal":[191],"consistency":[192],"(Cronbach's":[196],"alphas":[197],".93":[199],"forgiveness)":[205],"exploratory":[208],"factor":[209,214],"analysis":[210],"identified":[211],"primary":[213],"accounting":[215],"about":[217],"30%":[218],"total":[221],"item":[222],"variance.":[223],"Convergent":[224],"discriminant":[226],"validity":[227],"analyses":[228],"largely":[231],"predicted":[232],"(e.g.,":[234],"r":[235,242,253],"=":[236,243,254],".81":[237],"GMFrelationship":[239,257],"EFI;":[241],".78":[244],"GMFnon-relationship":[246],"single-item":[249],"assessment":[250],"forgiveness;":[252],"-.26":[255],"anger":[259],"aggression).":[261],"These":[262],"results":[263],"are":[264],"encouraging":[265],"as":[266],"use":[267],"could":[271],"open":[272],"new":[273],"areas":[274],"research":[276,282,295],"enhance":[281],"application":[284],"forgiveness.":[287,306],"Specifically,":[288],"holds":[291],"promise":[292],"improving":[294],"by":[296],"providing":[297],"non-proprietary,":[300],"Broadly,":[307],"suggests":[310],"general":[313],"feasible.":[318]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-01T08:31:24.195828","created_date":"2017-10-27T00:00:00"}