{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2760014366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/2606-08","title":"Relationship between Agglomeration and Productivity in a Norwegian Context: Estimates for Transport Investment Cost-Benefit Analysis","display_name":"Relationship between Agglomeration and Productivity in a Norwegian Context: Estimates for Transport Investment Cost-Benefit Analysis","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2760014366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/2606-08","mag":"2760014366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3141/2606-08","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/2606-08","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3141/2606-08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/11250/2469403/2/TRB_17_01958_working_paper.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119592572","display_name":"\u00d8yvind Lervik Nilsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-4311","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4022-4311"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124441","display_name":"Ramboll (Norway)","ror":"https://ror.org/02w96wv37","country_code":"NO","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096927","https://openalex.org/I4210124441"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u00d8yvind Lervik Nilsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway","Ramb\u00f8ll Norway, Fjordgaten 13, 3103 T\u00f8nsberg, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ramb\u00f8ll Norway, Fjordgaten 13, 3103 T\u00f8nsberg, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076722955","display_name":"Sahar Babri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-912X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0922-912X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Babri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Transport Research, SINTEF, 7465 Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Transport Research, SINTEF, 7465 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033525103","display_name":"Stig Nyland Andersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0021-7440","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0021-7440"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315672318","display_name":"Norwegian Public Roads Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/009kqch10","country_code":"NO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315672318","https://openalex.org/I4210111248","https://openalex.org/I4210149801"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stig Nyland Andersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway","Norwegian Public Roads Administration, Askedalen 4, 6863 Leikanger, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian Public Roads Administration, Askedalen 4, 6863 Leikanger, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315672318"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002258137","display_name":"Trude T\u00f8rset","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-2763","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6580-2763"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trude T\u00f8rset","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Transport Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119592572"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367","https://openalex.org/I4210124441"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4589,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73549023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"2606","issue":"1","first_page":"63","last_page":"70"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Agglomeration and Urban Systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11599","display_name":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12725","display_name":"Railways and European Transport Policy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agglomeration-economies","display_name":"agglomeration economies","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-productivity","display_name":"firm productivity","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transportation-investment","display_name":"transport investment","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-benefit-analysis","display_name":"cost-benefit analysis","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-benefits","display_name":"indirect benefits","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-factor-productivity","display_name":"total factor productivity","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agglomeration-index","display_name":"agglomeration index","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sectoral-differences","display_name":"sectoral differences","score":0.800000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131850264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383056","display_name":"Economies of agglomeration","level":2,"score":0.8777265548706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.8142499923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.7338979244232178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.6062154769897461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5308139324188232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127454912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942582","display_name":"Cost\u2013benefit analysis","level":2,"score":0.4892435073852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.4358816146850586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39497101306915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.38613665103912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.3315994143486023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.22424519062042236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11220729351043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3141/2606-08","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3141/2606-08","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3141/2606-08","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145575934","display_name":"Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board","issn_l":"0361-1981","issn":["0361-1981","2169-4052"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:brage.bibsys.no:11250/2469403","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2469403","pdf_url":"https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/11250/2469403/2/TRB_17_01958_working_paper.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400255","display_name":"BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173212132","host_organization_name":"Vilnius University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173212132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2606","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sintef.brage.unit.no:11250/2588003","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2588003","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2588003","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"63-70","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2469403","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2469403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064446","display_name":"NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2606","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:brage.bibsys.no:11250/2469403","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2469403","pdf_url":"https://ntnuopen.ntnu.no/ntnu-xmlui/bitstream/11250/2469403/2/TRB_17_01958_working_paper.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400255","display_name":"BIBSYS Brage (BIBSYS (Norway))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173212132","host_organization_name":"Vilnius University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173212132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2606","raw_type":"Journal article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8970999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"},{"score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311040","display_name":"Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323299","display_name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","ror":"https://ror.org/00epmv149"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327251","display_name":"Statens vegvesen","ror":"https://ror.org/009kqch10"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2760014366.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2760014366.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47714255","https://openalex.org/W1883187236","https://openalex.org/W1980107959","https://openalex.org/W2014490558","https://openalex.org/W2050018806","https://openalex.org/W2067257942","https://openalex.org/W2078126928","https://openalex.org/W2097012526","https://openalex.org/W2145038697","https://openalex.org/W2145646581","https://openalex.org/W2168801288","https://openalex.org/W2202563661","https://openalex.org/W2270134981","https://openalex.org/W3121372586","https://openalex.org/W3124504068","https://openalex.org/W3125648851","https://openalex.org/W4246702438"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1954226135","https://openalex.org/W2270134981","https://openalex.org/W2168801288","https://openalex.org/W47714255","https://openalex.org/W3121799637","https://openalex.org/W3197248959","https://openalex.org/W2596357475","https://openalex.org/W1520778350","https://openalex.org/W3216401215","https://openalex.org/W2227601896"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cost\u2013benefit":[0],"analysis":[1],"(CBA)":[2],"is":[3,21,219],"an":[4,165],"important":[5],"tool":[6],"in":[7,10,57,80,132,155,215,225,238,245],"many":[8],"countries":[9],"the":[11,116,119,124,150,178],"evaluation":[12],"of":[13,19,118,153,212],"transport":[14,130,247],"investments.":[15],"The":[16,88,184,210],"main":[17],"objective":[18],"CBA":[20,217],"to":[22,33,46,55,62,70,82,113,143,160,176,201,207,240],"allocate":[23],"society's":[24],"shared":[25],"resources":[26],"by":[27],"considering":[28],"all":[29,199,232],"costs":[30,40,49],"and":[31,41,50,94,107,129,170,182,192,234],"benefits":[32,42,51,73,100],"society":[34],"as":[35,228],"a":[36,58,133,171,216],"whole.":[37],"While":[38],"direct":[39],"are":[43,52,243],"often":[44],"straightforward":[45],"calculate,":[47],"indirect":[48,63],"more":[53,236],"challenging":[54],"include":[56],"CBA.":[59],"In":[60],"relation":[61,239],"benefits,":[64],"increased":[65,204,208],"attention":[66],"has":[67],"been":[68],"paid":[69],"potential":[71],"productivity":[72,139,145,181,188],"for":[74,146,231],"firms":[75,148],"that":[76,98,187,193,203,220],"result":[77],"from":[78,158],"reductions":[79],"distance":[81],"other":[83],"firms,":[84],"workers,":[85],"or":[86],"customers.":[87],"literature":[89],"on":[90,115],"wider":[91],"economic":[92],"impacts":[93],"agglomeration":[95,166,205,227],"economies":[96],"suggests":[97],"such":[99],"usually":[101],"exist":[102,114],"but":[103],"vary":[104],"between":[105,126,180,190],"sectors":[106,157,191,200,233,242],"nations.":[108],"However,":[109],"little":[110],"consensus":[111],"seems":[112],"size":[117],"benefits.":[120],"This":[121],"paper":[122],"analyzes":[123],"relationship":[125,179],"agglomeration,":[127],"productivity,":[128],"investment":[131,248],"Norwegian":[134],"context.":[135],"A":[136],"total":[137],"factor":[138],"approach":[140],"was":[141,168,174],"used":[142,175],"calculate":[144],"17,000":[147],"along":[149],"western":[151],"coast":[152],"Norway":[154],"eight":[156],"2009":[159],"2013.":[161],"For":[162],"each":[163,246],"firm,":[164],"index":[167],"calculated,":[169],"regression":[172],"model":[173],"find":[177],"agglomeration.":[183],"results":[185,214],"show":[186,202],"varied":[189],"no":[194],"clear":[195],"trend":[196],"occurred":[197],"across":[198],"leads":[206],"productivity.":[209],"implications":[211],"these":[213],"perspective":[218],"care":[221],"should":[222],"be":[223,235],"taken":[224],"seeing":[226],"solely":[229],"beneficial":[230],"specific":[237],"which":[241],"affected":[244],"project.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2017-10-06T00:00:00"}