{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2759544432","doi":null,"title":"Nature and causes of examination malpractices in selected Secondary Schools in Kitwe District, Zambia","display_name":"Nature and causes of examination malpractices in selected Secondary Schools in Kitwe District, Zambia","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2759544432","mag":"2759544432"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2759544432","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4202","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058453642","display_name":"Gladys Maheka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gladys Maheka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058453642"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11492","display_name":"Academic integrity and plagiarism","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12204","display_name":"African Education and Politics","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13929","display_name":"Educational Outcomes and Influences","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/examination-malpractice","display_name":"examination malpractice","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exam-cheating","display_name":"exam cheating","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-students","display_name":"high school students","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causes-of-cheating","display_name":"causes of cheating","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impersonation","display_name":"impersonation","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collusion","display_name":"collusion","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-background","display_name":"socioeconomic background","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/absenteeism","display_name":"absenteeism","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-guidance","display_name":"teacher guidance","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-anxiety","display_name":"test anxiety","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kitwe-district","display_name":"Kitwe District","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zambia","display_name":"Zambia","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learner-confidence","display_name":"learner confidence","score":0.44200000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776798817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318836","display_name":"Malpractice","level":2,"score":0.7385901212692261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777189325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61022630","display_name":"Officer","level":2,"score":0.6627992391586304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16991392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7432156","display_name":"School Certificate","level":2,"score":0.5621736645698547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.5143531560897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5073267817497253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96865113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2946816","display_name":"Certificate","level":2,"score":0.4708171486854553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357432","display_name":"Cheating","level":2,"score":0.44834089279174805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3933306336402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20364907383918762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.1708715260028839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.12885618209838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09873831272125244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2759544432","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/4202","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"},{"score":0.6207000017166138,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W563005460","https://openalex.org/W1488477423","https://openalex.org/W1523643708","https://openalex.org/W1552084540","https://openalex.org/W1766072298","https://openalex.org/W1978983069","https://openalex.org/W1989903907","https://openalex.org/W2004950695","https://openalex.org/W2023971322","https://openalex.org/W2114860556","https://openalex.org/W2117965826","https://openalex.org/W2134621592","https://openalex.org/W2136893259","https://openalex.org/W2147741206","https://openalex.org/W2158947642","https://openalex.org/W2170346484","https://openalex.org/W2474946916","https://openalex.org/W3205857896","https://openalex.org/W3214923421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235353926","https://openalex.org/W7110556207","https://openalex.org/W6967607449","https://openalex.org/W2592933503","https://openalex.org/W1762518740","https://openalex.org/W2235697658","https://openalex.org/W7214229642","https://openalex.org/W4207047625","https://openalex.org/W2794952121","https://openalex.org/W7039809222"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,419],"is":[1,404],"a":[2,30,258,264,268],"study":[3,53,109,177,231,282,313],"whose":[4],"aim":[5,50],"was":[6,54,67,110,120,161,174,339,353],"to":[7,55,217,242,256,266,274,298,334,347,380,388,413,423,439,453],"establish":[8],"the":[9,36,47,52,58,72,108,164,180,192,213,233,244,260,281,312,357,369,415,433,455],"nature":[10,59,181],"and":[11,60,86,103,113,126,145,209,220,223,279,287,303,324,350,364,372,393,431,447,451],"causes":[12,61],"of":[13,26,51,62,74,182,225,248,251,254,359,384],"examination":[14,42,63,183,193,236,292,309,331,336],"malpractices":[15,293],"in":[16,20,202,205,291,308,330,378,391,432],"selected":[17],"secondary":[18],"schools":[19,305,342],"Kitwe":[21,157],"District.":[22],"The":[23,49,105,442],"Examination":[24],"Council":[25],"Zambia":[27],"has":[28],"placed":[29,39],"high":[31,37,320],"premium":[32,38],"on":[33,40,46,262,411],"examinations.":[34,441],"Despite":[35],"examinations,":[41,276],"malpractice":[43,184,237],"are":[44,429],"still":[45],"increase.":[48],"bring":[56],"out":[57],"malpractice.\nA":[64],"descriptive":[65],"design":[66],"used.":[68],"Data":[69],"collection":[70],"included":[71,445],"use":[73],"in-":[75],"depth":[76],"interviews":[77],"with":[78,212],"an":[79],"education":[80,150],"standards":[81,151,370],"officer":[82,152],"at":[83],"DEBS":[84],"office":[85],"school":[87,143,373,397],"managers":[88,144,374],"while":[89,171],"focus":[90],"group":[91],"discussions":[92],"were":[93,98],"used":[94,100],"for":[95,101,107,167,235,437],"learners.":[96,104,351],"Questionnaires":[97],"also":[99,314,354,394],"teachers":[102,273,349,408],"sample":[106],"one":[111,124,146],"hundred":[112,125],"forty":[114],"eight":[115,134],"(":[116,128,135,140,147,153],"148":[117],")":[118,137,142,149,155],"which":[119,238],"disaggregated":[121],"as":[122,387],"follows;":[123],"twelve":[127,131],"112)":[129],"grade":[130],"learners,":[132],"twenty":[133],"28":[136],"teachers,":[138],"seven":[139],"7":[141],"1":[148],"ESO":[154],"from":[156,318],"district.":[158],"Quantitative":[159],"data":[160,173],"analysed":[162,175],"using":[163,228],"statistical":[165],"package":[166],"social":[168],"sciences":[169],"(SPSS)":[170],"qualitative":[172],"thematically.\nThe":[176],"revealed":[178,283,315],"that":[179,284,316,341,356,396,407],"includes;":[185],"leakage,":[186],"impersonation,":[187],"taking":[188,204],"foreign":[189],"material":[190,201,227],"into":[191],"room,":[194],"collusion,":[195],"body":[196],"writing":[197],"or":[198],"tattooing,":[199],"hiding":[200],"washrooms,":[203],"already":[206],"answered":[207],"scripts":[208],"replacing":[210],"them":[211,438],"answer":[214],"script":[215],"given":[216],"them,":[218],"giraffing":[219],"text":[221],"messages":[222],"borrowing":[224],"stored":[226],"cell":[229],"phones.\nThis":[230],"highlights":[232],"reasons":[234],"includes":[239],"learners":[240,317,392,425],"desire":[241],"pass":[243],"examinations":[245],",":[246],"lack":[247],"confidence,":[249],"fear":[250],"failure,":[252],"worry":[253],"failing":[255],"get":[257,267],"certificate,":[259],"emphasis":[261],"obtaining":[263],"certificate":[265],"job,":[269],"improper":[270],"guidance":[271],"by":[272],"face":[275],"frequent":[277],"absenteeism":[278],"laziness.\nGenerally,":[280],"both":[285,301,319,348],"boys":[286],"girls":[288],"engage":[289,306,329],"themselves":[290,307],"because":[294],"they":[295,428],"all":[296],"want":[297],"pass.":[299],"Notably,":[300],"government":[302],"private":[304],"malpractice.":[310],"Furthermore,":[311],"socio-":[321,326],"economic":[322,327],"background":[323,328],"low":[325],"malpractice.\nIn":[332],"order":[333,379],"address":[335],"malpractice,":[337],"it":[338],"recommended":[340,355],"should":[343,375,420],"conduct":[344],"intensified":[345],"sensitisation":[346],"It":[352],"Ministry":[358],"Education,":[360],"Science,":[361],"Vocational":[362],"Training":[363],"Early":[365],"Education":[366],"(MESVTEE)":[367],"through":[368],"officers":[371],"intensify":[376],"monitoring":[377],"ensure":[381,395],"quality":[382],"delivery":[383],"lessons":[385],"so":[386,406],"develop":[389,435],"confidence":[390,436],"based":[398],"continuing":[399],"professional":[400],"development":[401],"(SB-":[402],"CPD)":[403],"enhanced":[405],"share":[409],"knowledge":[410],"how":[412],"teach":[414],"seemingly":[416],"challenging":[417],"topics.":[418],"be":[421],"done":[422],"help":[424],"understand":[426],"what":[427],"learning":[430],"end":[434],"write":[440],"other":[443],"recommendations":[444],"staff":[446],"student":[448],"awareness":[449],"campaigns":[450],"workshops":[452],"highlight":[454],"importance":[456],"of\u2026":[457]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2017-10-06T00:00:00"}