{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2747587261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","title":"Quantitative differentiation between soil organic carbon and biochar carbon in Aridisol","display_name":"Quantitative differentiation between soil organic carbon and biochar carbon in Aridisol","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2747587261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","mag":"2747587261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","pdf_url":"http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ciagr/v40n2/art13.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196738760","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","issn_l":"0304-5609","issn":["0304-5609","0718-1620","0718-3267","2452-5731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","latindex","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","scielo"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315505","host_organization_name":"Pontifical Catholic University of Chile","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315505"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pontifical Catholic University of Chile"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ciagr/v40n2/art13.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076810027","display_name":"Nelson Lara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9482-7353","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9482-7353"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelson Lara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102291866","display_name":"Leonardo T. Figueroa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-9714","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-9714"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Figueroa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063270113","display_name":"Fabiola Carvajal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-5394","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-5394"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabiola Carvajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008142554","display_name":"Yubinza Zapata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yubinza Zapata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002405798","display_name":"Camilo Urbina","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Camilo Urbina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001014580","display_name":"Hugo Escobar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3272-4510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3272-4510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185652977","display_name":"University of Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}],"countries":["CL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugo Escobar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1, Arica, Chile","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185652977"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47450088,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"2","first_page":"387","last_page":"395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10889","display_name":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-carbon","display_name":"soil organic carbon","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aridisols","display_name":"Aridisols","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-extraction","display_name":"alkaline extraction","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-liquid-extraction","display_name":"solid-liquid extraction","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walkley-black-method","display_name":"Walkley-Black method","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis","display_name":"pyrolysis","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arid-soils","display_name":"arid soils","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-salinity","display_name":"soil salinity","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar-stability","display_name":"biochar stability","score":0.6830000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.9249855279922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.6492535471916199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39464130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554898","display_name":"Soil carbon","level":3,"score":0.6042162775993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158787203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900291","display_name":"Total organic carbon","level":2,"score":0.5388100147247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.47599709033966064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4360968768596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3143271207809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.24263858795166016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.1974208652973175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14356449246406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.09440410137176514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.09088489413261414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","pdf_url":"http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ciagr/v40n2/art13.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196738760","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","issn_l":"0304-5609","issn":["0304-5609","0718-1620","0718-3267","2452-5731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","latindex","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","scielo"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315505","host_organization_name":"Pontifical Catholic University of Chile","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315505"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pontifical Catholic University of Chile"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scielo:S0718-16202013000200013","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402641","display_name":"LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Cient\u00edficas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4383465926","host_organization_name":"LA Referencia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4383465926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ciencia e investigaci\u00f3n agraria v.40 n.2 2013","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:americanae.aecid.es:2913336","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400786","display_name":"Americanae (AECID Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ciencia e investigaci\u00f3n agraria v.40 n.2 2013","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dialnet.unirioja.es:ART0000899627","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaiart?codigo=5333998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401293","display_name":"Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","host_organization_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ciencia e investigaci\u00f3n agraria: revista latinoamericana de ciencias de la agricultura, ISSN 0718-1620, Vol. 40, N\u00ba. 2, 2013, pags. 387-395","raw_type":"text (article)"},{"id":"mag:2090610853","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/5333998.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401293","display_name":"Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I168974976","host_organization_name":"Universidad de La Rioja","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168974976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-16202013000200013","pdf_url":"http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/ciagr/v40n2/art13.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196738760","display_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","issn_l":"0304-5609","issn":["0304-5609","0718-1620","0718-3267","2452-5731"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","latindex","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","scielo"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315505","host_organization_name":"Pontifical Catholic University of Chile","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315505"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pontifical Catholic University of Chile"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5351999998092651}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324327","display_name":"Universidad de Tarapac\u00e1","ror":"https://ror.org/04xe01d27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2747587261.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2747587261.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126592213","https://openalex.org/W1516700705","https://openalex.org/W1521578105","https://openalex.org/W1598818941","https://openalex.org/W1970264750","https://openalex.org/W1971331324","https://openalex.org/W1986906077","https://openalex.org/W2002709469","https://openalex.org/W2035666748","https://openalex.org/W2038261209","https://openalex.org/W2040396208","https://openalex.org/W2046614111","https://openalex.org/W2046713104","https://openalex.org/W2053389862","https://openalex.org/W2054056298","https://openalex.org/W2059118911","https://openalex.org/W2083298634","https://openalex.org/W2084474840","https://openalex.org/W2091160252","https://openalex.org/W2091489700","https://openalex.org/W2112931328","https://openalex.org/W2120591819","https://openalex.org/W2589888658","https://openalex.org/W2606055086","https://openalex.org/W2663180990","https://openalex.org/W4236098863"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400953646","https://openalex.org/W2608889082","https://openalex.org/W2912416527","https://openalex.org/W4396634196","https://openalex.org/W7064598237","https://openalex.org/W2888169893","https://openalex.org/W4405736571","https://openalex.org/W7051932298","https://openalex.org/W4393944368","https://openalex.org/W2362362263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"understand":[1],"the":[2,21,63,76,82,92,95,150,157,176,182,210],"effect":[3],"of":[4,25,65,88,97,101,107,175,212],"biochar,":[5,35],"identify":[6],"its":[7,11,116],"presence":[8],"and":[9,34,73,115,129,165,198],"quantify":[10],"stability":[12],"in":[13,47,86],"soil,":[14],"it":[15],"is":[16,37,110],"necessary":[17],"to":[18,80,147,209],"differentiate":[19,192],"between":[20,193],"two":[22,83],"main":[23],"sources":[24,28,85],"carbon.":[26,168,201],"These":[27],"are":[29,118],"resident":[30,151,161,194],"soil":[31,152,162],"organic":[32,41,124,138,153,163,178,196],"matter":[33,42,125],"which":[36,66],"produced":[38],"by":[39,69,120,181],"burning":[40],"under":[43],"low":[44,123,130],"oxygen":[45],"concentration":[46],"a":[48,70,206],"process":[49],"known":[50],"as":[51],"pyrolysis.":[52],"The":[53,103,133,184,202],"present":[54],"study":[55],"employs":[56],"solid-liquid":[57],"extraction":[58],"with":[59],"an":[60,213],"alkaline":[61],"solution,":[62],"efficiency":[64],"was":[67],"improved":[68],"reflux":[71],"system":[72],"quantification":[74],"using":[75,141],"modified":[77],"Walkley-Black":[78],"method,":[79],"distinguish":[81],"carbon":[84,139,164,170,179,197],"samples":[87],"arid":[89],"soils":[90,117],"from":[91],"area":[93,109],"surrounding":[94],"city":[96],"Arica,":[98],"XV":[99],"region":[100],"Chile.":[102],"mean":[104],"annual":[105],"precipitation":[106],"this":[108,142,188],"less":[111,172],"than":[112,173],"0.4":[113],"mm,":[114],"characterized":[119],"high":[121,127],"salinity,":[122],"content,":[126],"porosity":[128],"bulk":[131],"density.":[132],"values":[134],"for":[135,149],"total":[136,177,195],"extracted":[137,180],"obtained":[140],"method":[143,189,203],"were":[144],"very":[145],"similar":[146],"those":[148],"carbon,":[154],"indicating":[155],"that":[156,187],"technique":[158],"extracts":[159],"mostly":[160],"not":[166],"biochar":[167,200],"Biochar":[169],"represented":[171],"6%":[174],"method.":[183],"results":[185],"demonstrate":[186],"can":[190],"quantitatively":[191],"applied":[199],"thus":[204],"represents":[205],"valuable":[207],"alternative":[208],"use":[211],"elemental":[214],"analyzer":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2017-08-31T00:00:00"}