{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2742404516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","title":"Four tenets of modern validity theory for medical education assessment and evaluation","display_name":"Four tenets of modern validity theory for medical education assessment and evaluation","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2742404516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","mag":"2742404516","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28814911","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5546594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/amep.s139492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=37769","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765062736","display_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice","issn_l":"1179-7258","issn":["1179-7258"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=37769","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049336453","display_name":"Kenneth D. Royal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5508-1480","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5508-1480"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Royal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5508-1480","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049336453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":{"value":2320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2320},"apc_paid":{"value":2320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2320},"fwci":13.2086,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98605138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"Volume 8","issue":null,"first_page":"567","last_page":"570"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.016200000420212746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13117","display_name":"Health Education and Validation","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2922","display_name":"Research and Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/validity-theory","display_name":"validity theory","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-education-evaluation","display_name":"medical education assessment","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assessment-validity","display_name":"assessment validity","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/validity-evidence","display_name":"validity evidence","score":0.7900000214576721}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.6179319620132446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5835111737251282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5464651584625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5367217659950256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174106493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057880","display_name":"External validity","level":2,"score":0.5335636138916016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.523565948009491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20685875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239678","display_name":"Predictive validity","level":2,"score":0.5144877433776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5004768371582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116211729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5372350","display_name":"Test validity","level":3,"score":0.47231432795524597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182050348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5186576","display_name":"Criterion validity","level":4,"score":0.4608791172504425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.45486658811569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58916136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1663508","display_name":"Content validity","level":3,"score":0.44114792346954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198999979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159115","display_name":"Concurrent validity","level":4,"score":0.43340247869491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121244757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783487","display_name":"Convergent validity","level":4,"score":0.4197770953178406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49453240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1592163","display_name":"Construct validity","level":3,"score":0.4150204062461853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.35265952348709106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.34649208188056946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.3382088541984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3016383945941925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2311718761920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20691752433776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.17927196621894836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08680129051208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07582420110702515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2147/amep.s139492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=37769","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765062736","display_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice","issn_l":"1179-7258","issn":["1179-7258"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5546594","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5546594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adv Med Educ Pract","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:28814911","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28814911","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in medical education and practice","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c202c43d6744285af94eabb7105fab4","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c202c43d6744285af94eabb7105fab4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Vol Volume 8, Pp 567-570 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dovepress.com/34086","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/four-tenets-of-modern-validity-theory-for-medical-education-assessment-peer-reviewed-article-AMEP","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401012","display_name":"Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2147/amep.s139492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s139492","pdf_url":"https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=37769","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765062736","display_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice","issn_l":"1179-7258","issn":["1179-7258"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320348","host_organization_name":"Dove Medical Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320348","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Dove Medical Press","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Medical Education and Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.6164000034332275}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2742404516.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2742404516.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W419007064","https://openalex.org/W1591908906","https://openalex.org/W1966563178","https://openalex.org/W2047087529","https://openalex.org/W2083864925","https://openalex.org/W2084403116","https://openalex.org/W2117868896","https://openalex.org/W2346029313","https://openalex.org/W2473614501","https://openalex.org/W2490857485","https://openalex.org/W4249339966"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3101789275","https://openalex.org/W2999508199","https://openalex.org/W182998104","https://openalex.org/W1972754242","https://openalex.org/W1509955235","https://openalex.org/W2161254436","https://openalex.org/W3081548526","https://openalex.org/W7216523567","https://openalex.org/W2468741494","https://openalex.org/W4402440712"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Validity":[0],"is":[1,80,87],"considered":[2],"by":[3],"many":[4,61],"to":[5,89,110,122,135],"be":[6],"the":[7,23,27,34,41,73,97,104,129],"most":[8],"important":[9,88],"criterion":[10],"for":[11,83,126],"evaluating":[12],"a":[13,45,81,92,124],"set":[14],"of":[15,36,47,62,75,99,106,115,131],"scores,":[16],"yet":[17],"few":[18],"agree":[19],"on":[20],"what":[21],"exactly":[22],"term":[24,42],"means.":[25],"Since":[26],"mid-1800s,":[28],"scholars":[29,56,127],"have":[30],"been":[31],"concerned":[32],"with":[33,57],"notion":[35],"validity,":[37,139],"but":[38],"over":[39],"time,":[40],"has":[43],"developed":[44],"variety":[46],"meanings":[48],"across":[49],"academic":[50,59],"disciplines":[51],"and":[52,143],"contexts.":[53],"Accordingly,":[54],"when":[55,137],"different":[58],"backgrounds,":[60],"whom":[63],"hold":[64],"deeply":[65],"entrenched":[66],"perspectives":[67],"about":[68,94],"validity":[69,95,117,141],"conceptualizations,":[70],"converge":[71],"in":[72,96,119,128],"field":[74,130],"medical":[76,100,132],"education":[77,101,133],"assessment,":[78],"it":[79,86],"recipe":[82],"confusion.":[84],"Thus,":[85,103],"work":[90,108],"toward":[91],"consensus":[93],"context":[98],"assessment.":[102],"purpose":[105],"this":[107],"was":[109],"present":[111],"four":[112],"fundamental":[113],"tenets":[114],"modern":[116],"theory":[118],"an":[120],"effort":[121],"establish":[123],"framework":[125],"assessment":[134],"follow":[136],"conceptualizing":[138],"interpreting":[140],"evidence,":[142],"reporting":[144],"research":[145],"findings.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-08-17T00:00:00"}
