{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2741951998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","title":"Causes and consequences of adult sex ratio imbalance in a historical U.S. population","display_name":"Causes and consequences of adult sex ratio imbalance in a historical U.S. population","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2741951998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","mag":"2741951998","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28760757","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5540856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91660768","display_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0962-8436","issn":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC5540856","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025652709","display_name":"Ryan N. Schacht","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-7345","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-7345"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Schacht","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-7345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049615387","display_name":"Ken Robert Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801159745","display_name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801159745","https://openalex.org/I4210148268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken R. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165","https://openalex.org/I2801159745"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025652709"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1759,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86495735,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"372","issue":"1729","first_page":"20160314","last_page":"20160314"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11118","display_name":"Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.12540000677108765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10585","display_name":"Family Dynamics and Relationships","score":0.005200000014156103,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-sex-ratio","display_name":"adult sex ratio","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-ratio-imbalance","display_name":"sex ratio imbalance","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partner-availability","display_name":"partner availability","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-male-competition","display_name":"male-male competition","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-at-first-birth","display_name":"age at first birth","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relationship-status","display_name":"relationship status","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fertility","display_name":"fertility","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longevity","display_name":"longevity","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-history-traits","display_name":"life-history traits","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-population","display_name":"historical population","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/19th-century","display_name":"19th century","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-america","display_name":"North America","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mating-strategies","display_name":"mating strategies","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.6069999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57520943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068155","display_name":"Sex ratio","level":3,"score":0.7256304025650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.648378312587738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.6029767394065857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.5960104465484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5922912359237671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514575182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228395","display_name":"Mating","level":2,"score":0.5904789566993713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.563298225402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66698415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139127","display_name":"Life history theory","level":3,"score":0.5035101771354675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776319122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3480868","display_name":"Operational sex ratio","level":4,"score":0.476026326417923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776759703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066907","display_name":"Longevity","level":2,"score":0.4639524817466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37633681297302246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.29650288820266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2147488296031952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.20966273546218872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.11852151155471802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10531434416770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10315585136413574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003710","descriptor_name":"Demography","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005298","descriptor_name":"Fertility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008136","descriptor_name":"Longevity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012098","descriptor_name":"Reproduction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012744","descriptor_name":"Sex Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014589","descriptor_name":"Utah","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91660768","display_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0962-8436","issn":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5090435","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC5540856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5540856","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5540856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:28760757","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28760757","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences","raw_type":"Historical Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:5090435","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC5540856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3326444111","display_name":"Early Life Conditions, Survival, and Health: A Pedigree-Based Population Study","funder_award_id":"R01AG022095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312217","display_name":"Huntsman Cancer Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/03v7tx966"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1484547183","https://openalex.org/W1490421035","https://openalex.org/W1493407969","https://openalex.org/W1632701906","https://openalex.org/W1817251943","https://openalex.org/W1968808426","https://openalex.org/W1977320179","https://openalex.org/W1983708101","https://openalex.org/W1993879627","https://openalex.org/W2011012337","https://openalex.org/W2027198161","https://openalex.org/W2028773454","https://openalex.org/W2029131171","https://openalex.org/W2055713671","https://openalex.org/W2064632597","https://openalex.org/W2068725437","https://openalex.org/W2083566995","https://openalex.org/W2088277595","https://openalex.org/W2100897499","https://openalex.org/W2103954710","https://openalex.org/W2104236884","https://openalex.org/W2115493532","https://openalex.org/W2117085371","https://openalex.org/W2120646536","https://openalex.org/W2123336716","https://openalex.org/W2124148838","https://openalex.org/W2127969349","https://openalex.org/W2131336413","https://openalex.org/W2134716020","https://openalex.org/W2144412081","https://openalex.org/W2146118536","https://openalex.org/W2146850492","https://openalex.org/W2150496981","https://openalex.org/W2153324272","https://openalex.org/W2157338817","https://openalex.org/W2158888481","https://openalex.org/W2161719398","https://openalex.org/W2161899020","https://openalex.org/W2169426088","https://openalex.org/W2243010790","https://openalex.org/W2263266804","https://openalex.org/W2316401276","https://openalex.org/W2404036882","https://openalex.org/W2503982705","https://openalex.org/W2511415524","https://openalex.org/W2512810124","https://openalex.org/W2524985812","https://openalex.org/W2554034557","https://openalex.org/W2740333159","https://openalex.org/W2740796516","https://openalex.org/W2798524345","https://openalex.org/W2798627171","https://openalex.org/W4292910203","https://openalex.org/W4300778150","https://openalex.org/W4388257882"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6977001929","https://openalex.org/W4309654204","https://openalex.org/W2741723175","https://openalex.org/W4254906035","https://openalex.org/W2741782112","https://openalex.org/W4307515421","https://openalex.org/W2782047794","https://openalex.org/W875730439","https://openalex.org/W2057124297","https://openalex.org/W4281744887"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"responsiveness":[1],"of":[2,20,23,31,46,111,127,139,155,194,213,222,235],"individuals":[3,214],"to":[4,42,90,114,124,159,176,181,203,215],"partner":[5,94,217],"availability":[6],"has":[7],"been":[8],"well-documented":[9],"across":[10,65,169,197,206],"the":[11,18,21,44,47,66,109,122,170,174,223],"literature.":[12],"However,":[13],"there":[14],"is":[15,220],"disagreement":[16],"regarding":[17],"direction":[19],"consequences":[22,126],"sex":[24,49,128,227,236],"ratio":[25,50,129],"imbalance.":[26],"Specifically,":[27],"does":[28],"an":[29,40],"excess":[30],"males":[32],"or":[33],"females":[34],"promote":[35],"male-male":[36],"mating":[37,147,189],"competition?":[38],"In":[39],"attempt":[41],"clarify":[43],"role":[45,110,193],"adult":[48],"(ASR)":[51],"on":[52],"behaviour,":[53],"here":[54],"we":[55,107,172],"evaluate":[56],"both":[57,121],"competing":[58],"and":[59,68,84,104,125,144,166,199,208,211,229,240],"complimentary":[60],"expectations":[61],"derived":[62],"from":[63,75,168],"theory":[64],"social":[67],"biological":[69],"sciences.":[70],"We":[71,118],"use":[72],"data":[73],"drawn":[74],"a":[76,115,232],"historical,":[77],"nineteenth":[78],"century":[79],"population":[80],"in":[81,157,179,238],"North":[82],"America":[83],"target":[85],"several":[86],"life-history":[87],"traits":[88],"thought":[89],"be":[91],"affected":[92],"by":[93,184],"availability:":[95],"age":[96],"at":[97],"first":[98],"birth,":[99],"relationship":[100],"status,":[101],"completed":[102],"fertility":[103],"longevity.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"assess":[108,216],"various":[112],"contributors":[113,123],"population's":[116],"ASR.":[117],"find":[119],"that":[120],"imbalance":[130,183],"vary":[131],"over":[132],"time.":[133],"Our":[134],"results":[135],"largely":[136],"support":[137],"predictions":[138,178],"greater":[140],"male":[141,146],"pairbond":[142],"commitment":[143],"lesser":[145],"effort,":[148],"as":[149,151],"well":[150],"elevated":[152],"bargaining":[153],"power":[154],"women":[156],"response":[158,180],"female":[160],"scarcity.":[161],"After":[162],"reviewing":[163],"our":[164],"findings,":[165],"others":[167],"literature,":[171],"highlight":[173],"need":[175],"adjust":[177],"ASR":[182],"the:":[185],"(i)":[186],"culturally":[187],"mediated":[188],"arena,":[190],"(ii)":[191],"variable":[192],"demographic":[195],"inputs":[196],"time":[198],"place,":[200],"(iii)":[201],"constraints":[202],"behavioural":[204],"outcomes":[205],"populations,":[207],"(iv)":[209],"ability":[210],"accuracy":[212],"availability.This":[218],"article":[219],"part":[221],"themed":[224],"issue":[225],"'Adult":[226],"ratios":[228],"reproductive":[230],"strategies:":[231],"critical":[233],"re-examination":[234],"differences":[237],"human":[239],"animal":[241],"societies'.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-08-08T00:00:00"}