{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2736162018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","title":"Sperm morphology: assessment, pathophysiology, clinical relevance, and state of the art in 2017","display_name":"Sperm morphology: assessment, pathophysiology, clinical relevance, and state of the art in 2017","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2736162018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","mag":"2736162018","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28692759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/andr.12389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/andr.12389","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90729755","display_name":"Andrology","issn_l":"2047-2919","issn":["2047-2919","2047-2927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Andrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/andr.12389","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055051763","display_name":"Nicolas Gatimel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-5532","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-5532"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019448017","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/017h5q109","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153496","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Paule de Viguier","ror":"https://ror.org/057vt8c33","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Gatimel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4813-5532","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066201256","display_name":"Jessika Moreau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6461-2765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6461-2765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019448017","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/017h5q109","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153496","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Paule de Viguier","ror":"https://ror.org/057vt8c33","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Moreau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068653188","display_name":"Jean Parinaud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-4566","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-4566"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019448017","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/017h5q109","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153496","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Paule de Viguier","ror":"https://ror.org/057vt8c33","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Parinaud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010560261","display_name":"Roger D. L\u00e9andri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-3264","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-3264"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019448017","display_name":"Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/017h5q109","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153496","display_name":"H\u00f4pital Paule de Viguier","ror":"https://ror.org/057vt8c33","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. D. L\u00e9andri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Reproductive Medicine, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EA 3694 Human Fertility Research Group, Paule de Viguier Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055051763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019448017","https://openalex.org/I4210153496"],"apc_list":{"value":3090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8948,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":187,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8680203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"5","first_page":"845","last_page":"862"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10116","display_name":"Sperm and Testicular Function","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11156","display_name":"Reproductive Health and Technologies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13242","display_name":"Male Reproductive Health Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2748","display_name":"Urology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-morphology","display_name":"sperm morphology","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-infertility","display_name":"male infertility","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-reproductive-technology","display_name":"assisted reproduction","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-abnormalities","display_name":"sperm abnormalities","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-reliability","display_name":"analytical reliability","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teratozoospermia","display_name":"teratozoospermia","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/globozoospermia","display_name":"globozoospermia","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrauterine-insemination","display_name":"intrauterine insemination","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-fertilization","display_name":"in vitro fertilization","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sperm-head-abnormalities","display_name":"sperm head abnormalities","score":0.3140000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781087480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17145","display_name":"Sperm","level":2,"score":0.7097652554512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777688143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179399","display_name":"Infertility","level":3,"score":0.5911989808082581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500014431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25862","display_name":"Assisted reproductive technology","level":4,"score":0.5678139925003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777589648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501844","display_name":"Semen analysis","level":4,"score":0.4671909809112549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4515506327152252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q280156","display_name":"Male infertility","level":4,"score":0.4419860541820526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778580812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q686627","display_name":"Unexplained infertility","level":4,"score":0.43189749121665955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16685009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057","display_name":"Andrology","level":1,"score":0.3896177411079407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3353833556175232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.1312583088874817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007248","descriptor_name":"Infertility, Male","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007248","descriptor_name":"Infertility, Male","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013094","descriptor_name":"Spermatozoa","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D027724","descriptor_name":"Reproductive Techniques, Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055101","descriptor_name":"Semen Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/andr.12389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/andr.12389","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90729755","display_name":"Andrology","issn_l":"2047-2919","issn":["2047-2919","2047-2927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Andrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28692759","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28692759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Andrology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/andr.12389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.12389","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/andr.12389","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S90729755","display_name":"Andrology","issn_l":"2047-2919","issn":["2047-2919","2047-2927"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Andrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2736162018.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2736162018.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":201,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178860","https://openalex.org/W19512496","https://openalex.org/W26653565","https://openalex.org/W32035092","https://openalex.org/W127473704","https://openalex.org/W127970092","https://openalex.org/W170686684","https://openalex.org/W181278160","https://openalex.org/W203843894","https://openalex.org/W212320336","https://openalex.org/W1517504337","https://openalex.org/W1522795857","https://openalex.org/W1560401076","https://openalex.org/W1603684886","https://openalex.org/W1714560337","https://openalex.org/W1756759128","https://openalex.org/W1806773611","https://openalex.org/W1831264354","https://openalex.org/W1876415227","https://openalex.org/W1897092998","https://openalex.org/W1920645658","https://openalex.org/W1929099080","https://openalex.org/W1965955251","https://openalex.org/W1968469910","https://openalex.org/W1968960587","https://openalex.org/W1970974034","https://openalex.org/W1971064015","https://openalex.org/W1973442512","https://openalex.org/W1973632178","https://openalex.org/W1975248508","https://openalex.org/W1975352850","https://openalex.org/W1978168168","https://openalex.org/W1978936699","https://openalex.org/W1983622650","https://openalex.org/W1984848175","https://openalex.org/W1985846537","https://openalex.org/W1986270351","https://openalex.org/W1989070741","https://openalex.org/W1991063501","https://openalex.org/W1991270389","https://openalex.org/W1992195277","https://openalex.org/W1993685095","https://openalex.org/W1994736160","https://openalex.org/W1997352429","https://openalex.org/W1997381325","https://openalex.org/W1997847201","https://openalex.org/W1998154288","https://openalex.org/W2000758491","https://openalex.org/W2003453120","https://openalex.org/W2004943137","https://openalex.org/W2005522751","https://openalex.org/W2006529565","https://openalex.org/W2006972107","https://openalex.org/W2008481638","https://openalex.org/W2012971197","https://openalex.org/W2013055589","https://openalex.org/W2013234055","https://openalex.org/W2013449251","https://openalex.org/W2014708445","https://openalex.org/W2015241148","https://openalex.org/W2016576177","https://openalex.org/W2016822678","https://openalex.org/W2017922757","https://openalex.org/W2018184314","https://openalex.org/W2019896261","https://openalex.org/W2023702191","https://openalex.org/W2027874894","https://openalex.org/W2032176049","https://openalex.org/W2032430446","https://openalex.org/W2032743237","https://openalex.org/W2035139647","https://openalex.org/W2038515734","https://openalex.org/W2040191348","https://openalex.org/W2041744943","https://openalex.org/W2042537337","https://openalex.org/W2042716586","https://openalex.org/W2042861084","https://openalex.org/W2044916740","https://openalex.org/W2048874912","https://openalex.org/W2050058377","https://openalex.org/W2052410327","https://openalex.org/W2052702008","https://openalex.org/W2053241022","https://openalex.org/W2053551369","https://openalex.org/W2055511320","https://openalex.org/W2058653697","https://openalex.org/W2059541505","https://openalex.org/W2062883028","https://openalex.org/W2067205812","https://openalex.org/W2068925756","https://openalex.org/W2072107616","https://openalex.org/W2074741855","https://openalex.org/W2075423356","https://openalex.org/W2078357642","https://openalex.org/W2080133261","https://openalex.org/W2082449316","https://openalex.org/W2084184516","https://openalex.org/W2087546681","https://openalex.org/W2087848130","https://openalex.org/W2088190945","https://openalex.org/W2088505944","https://openalex.org/W2091332749","https://openalex.org/W2091936639","https://openalex.org/W2092077499","https://openalex.org/W2092678687","https://openalex.org/W2094698817","https://openalex.org/W2098199441","https://openalex.org/W2100182972","https://openalex.org/W2101718668","https://openalex.org/W2101972543","https://openalex.org/W2103755474","https://openalex.org/W2104554782","https://openalex.org/W2104579196","https://openalex.org/W2105251305","https://openalex.org/W2109269254","https://openalex.org/W2109506976","https://openalex.org/W2109692165","https://openalex.org/W2109952587","https://openalex.org/W2110267269","https://openalex.org/W2111984010","https://openalex.org/W2112279465","https://openalex.org/W2113923310","https://openalex.org/W2116106822","https://openalex.org/W2116612475","https://openalex.org/W2117637119","https://openalex.org/W2118660807","https://openalex.org/W2121762813","https://openalex.org/W2122603396","https://openalex.org/W2123597793","https://openalex.org/W2123749757","https://openalex.org/W2125888902","https://openalex.org/W2127937539","https://openalex.org/W2129348162","https://openalex.org/W2129519483","https://openalex.org/W2131228435","https://openalex.org/W2131601992","https://openalex.org/W2132057466","https://openalex.org/W2133993320","https://openalex.org/W2134448627","https://openalex.org/W2134788007","https://openalex.org/W2135138264","https://openalex.org/W2135622711","https://openalex.org/W2135968453","https://openalex.org/W2138011865","https://openalex.org/W2138132783","https://openalex.org/W2139164202","https://openalex.org/W2143388762","https://openalex.org/W2143704513","https://openalex.org/W2145759213","https://openalex.org/W2146221458","https://openalex.org/W2146799584","https://openalex.org/W2147452407","https://openalex.org/W2147798729","https://openalex.org/W2149478012","https://openalex.org/W2149956102","https://openalex.org/W2150255536","https://openalex.org/W2153558084","https://openalex.org/W2155930609","https://openalex.org/W2156889422","https://openalex.org/W2157233981","https://openalex.org/W2158805525","https://openalex.org/W2159902645","https://openalex.org/W2160688143","https://openalex.org/W2162855405","https://openalex.org/W2163451428","https://openalex.org/W2163827151","https://openalex.org/W2165861795","https://openalex.org/W2167479330","https://openalex.org/W2171423639","https://openalex.org/W2200473979","https://openalex.org/W2246130933","https://openalex.org/W2252658632","https://openalex.org/W2276177215","https://openalex.org/W2278084710","https://openalex.org/W2280128918","https://openalex.org/W2284502695","https://openalex.org/W2316483015","https://openalex.org/W2318559105","https://openalex.org/W2319668614","https://openalex.org/W2344414839","https://openalex.org/W2344957300","https://openalex.org/W2346218172","https://openalex.org/W2346915640","https://openalex.org/W2348008108","https://openalex.org/W2374554800","https://openalex.org/W2398241576","https://openalex.org/W2409606055","https://openalex.org/W2412758280","https://openalex.org/W2414192286","https://openalex.org/W2416328899","https://openalex.org/W2417060684","https://openalex.org/W2418809077","https://openalex.org/W2419478620","https://openalex.org/W2434335744","https://openalex.org/W2469737576","https://openalex.org/W2517448728","https://openalex.org/W2518492686","https://openalex.org/W2554705913","https://openalex.org/W2583471846","https://openalex.org/W2982734674","https://openalex.org/W4387989831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400684503","https://openalex.org/W979737582","https://openalex.org/W4392461311","https://openalex.org/W1998154288","https://openalex.org/W2100182972","https://openalex.org/W4307393191","https://openalex.org/W127473704","https://openalex.org/W2083321427","https://openalex.org/W3203682512","https://openalex.org/W2971801217"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"over":[1],"30":[2],"years,":[3],"sperm":[4,26,139,173,196,202,226,263,272],"morphology":[5,27,203,273],"assessment":[6,28,89,204,258],"has":[7,205],"been":[8],"one":[9],"of":[10,17,25,32,52,90,93,110,134,158,170,182,214,224,250,253,259,262,283,294],"the":[11,22,30,47,49,53,91,132,156,168,212,260,281,290],"most":[12,122],"common":[13],"tests":[14],"in":[15,29,35,59,62,149,152,167,211,257],"evaluation":[16],"fertility.":[18],"This":[19,69],"review":[20,70],"examines":[21],"clinical":[23,57,112,292],"relevance":[24,58],"diagnosis":[31,60,213],"infertility":[33],"and":[34,55,61,72,76,85,114,137,185,198,209,235,270,277],"assisted":[36],"reproductive":[37],"technology,":[38],"as":[39,41,97,121,141,143],"well":[40,119,142],"its":[42,56],"analytical":[43,50,251],"reliability.":[44],"Publications":[45],"on":[46,289],"pathophysiology,":[48],"reliability":[51,252],"test":[54],"Assisted":[63],"Reproductive":[64],"Technology":[65],"(ART)":[66],"were":[67],"evaluated.":[68],"compared":[71],"discussed":[73],"study":[74],"methodologies":[75],"results,":[77],"including":[78],"patient":[79],"characteristics,":[80],"preparation,":[81],"smear":[82],"staining":[83],"methods":[84],"classification":[86],"systems.":[87],"The":[88],"percentage":[92,133],"some":[94,153,171],"abnormalities":[95,237],"such":[96],"for":[98],"example":[99],"thin":[100],"head,":[101,103],"amorphous":[102],"or":[104,106,162,180],"bent":[105],"asymmetrical":[107],"neck":[108],"is":[109,117,218],"little":[111,220],"use,":[113],"their":[115],"pathophysiology":[116],"not":[118],"explained":[120],"are":[123,187,240,287],"physiological":[124],"traits.":[125],"Some":[126],"studies":[127],"have":[128],"highlighted":[129],"correlations":[130,144],"between":[131],"normal":[135,284],"forms":[136],"functional":[138],"abnormalities,":[140],"with":[145,155,178],"ability":[146],"to":[147,176,190,279],"conceive":[148],"vivo":[150],"and,":[151],"situations,":[154],"success":[157],"intra-uterine":[159],"insemination":[160],"(IUI)":[161],"conventional":[163],"IVF.":[164],"However,":[165],"except":[166],"case":[169],"specific":[172],"defects":[174,227],"(easy":[175],"detect":[177],"99":[179],"100%":[181],"spermatozoa":[183],"affected)":[184],"which":[186],"often":[188],"linked":[189],"genetic":[191],"disorders":[192],"(globozoospermia,":[193],"macrocephaly,":[194],"decapitated":[195],"syndrome":[197],"fibrous":[199],"sheath":[200],"dysplasia),":[201],"very":[206,219],"poor":[207],"sensitivity":[208],"specificity":[210],"infertility.":[215],"Moreover,":[216],"there":[217],"evidence":[221],"that":[222],"indices":[223],"multiple":[225,236],"[sperm":[228],"deformity":[229],"index":[230,233,238],"(SDI),":[231],"teratozoospermia":[232],"(TZI),":[234],"(MAI)]":[239],"relevant.":[241],"Above":[242],"all,":[243],"many":[244],"publications":[245],"report":[246],"a":[247],"major":[248],"lack":[249],"this":[254,295],"test,":[255],"mainly":[256],"details":[261],"abnormalities.":[264],"Many":[265],"questions":[266],"arise":[267],"concerning":[268],"how":[269,278],"when":[271],"should":[274],"be":[275],"assessed,":[276],"interpret":[280],"thresholds":[282],"forms.":[285],"Questions":[286],"raised":[288],"real":[291],"impact":[293],"test.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-07-21T00:00:00"}