{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2736097082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","title":"Enhancing the quality of kindergarten education in Singapore: policies and strategies in the 21st century","display_name":"Enhancing the quality of kindergarten education in Singapore: policies and strategies in the 21st century","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2736097082","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","mag":"2736097082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","pdf_url":"https://ijccep.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764365509","display_name":"International journal of child care and education policy/International journal of child care and education","issn_l":"1976-5681","issn":["1976-5681","2288-6729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ijccep.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022266420","display_name":"Ching Ting Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1036-5583","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1036-5583"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ching Ting Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1036-5583","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam Road, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022266420"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.654,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98616465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10589","display_name":"Early Childhood Education and Development","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10589","display_name":"Early Childhood Education and Development","score":0.9502000212669373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13529","display_name":"Education Systems and Policies","score":0.04500000178813934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13228","display_name":"Socioeconomic Development in Asia","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-education","display_name":"preschool education","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kindergarten-education","display_name":"kindergarten education","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-policy","display_name":"education policy","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-review","display_name":"policy review","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-quality","display_name":"teacher quality","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-quality","display_name":"program quality","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-education","display_name":"early childhood education","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/singapore","display_name":"Singapore","score":0.6320000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12891156","display_name":"Seriousness","level":2,"score":0.8937327861785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7045499682426453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5759311318397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178229462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472221","display_name":"Early childhood education","level":2,"score":0.5098103880882263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.49963808059692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992824598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076052","display_name":"Preschool education","level":2,"score":0.4977124035358429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.44443902373313904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.41726869344711304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33500784635543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.32008323073387146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2965661287307739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.27469003200531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23697635531425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15770137310028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","pdf_url":"https://ijccep.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764365509","display_name":"International journal of child care and education policy/International journal of child care and education","issn_l":"1976-5681","issn":["1976-5681","2288-6729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d5d9b0ebb374302b5b746647773e6fe","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d5d9b0ebb374302b5b746647773e6fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-22 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","pdf_url":"https://ijccep.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40723-017-0033-y","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764365509","display_name":"International journal of child care and education policy/International journal of child care and education","issn_l":"1976-5681","issn":["1976-5681","2288-6729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7567999958992004,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320751","display_name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01kcva023"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322170","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2736097082.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2736097082.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W181910409","https://openalex.org/W289778504","https://openalex.org/W1495285390","https://openalex.org/W1510321647","https://openalex.org/W1536573182","https://openalex.org/W1568785042","https://openalex.org/W1577609063","https://openalex.org/W1600912621","https://openalex.org/W1812260400","https://openalex.org/W1967335628","https://openalex.org/W1970944945","https://openalex.org/W1974518893","https://openalex.org/W1980363405","https://openalex.org/W1982127360","https://openalex.org/W1992341807","https://openalex.org/W2005683388","https://openalex.org/W2008744774","https://openalex.org/W2012814627","https://openalex.org/W2017721809","https://openalex.org/W2025667884","https://openalex.org/W2050620371","https://openalex.org/W2059194014","https://openalex.org/W2067841832","https://openalex.org/W2069064284","https://openalex.org/W2076835152","https://openalex.org/W2093056837","https://openalex.org/W2096006772","https://openalex.org/W2099773126","https://openalex.org/W2102690002","https://openalex.org/W2129897105","https://openalex.org/W2133213949","https://openalex.org/W2142375915","https://openalex.org/W2149355902","https://openalex.org/W2151860703","https://openalex.org/W2152129273","https://openalex.org/W2158331494","https://openalex.org/W2161197954","https://openalex.org/W2248974762","https://openalex.org/W2302204044","https://openalex.org/W2343350833","https://openalex.org/W2394970605","https://openalex.org/W2500601876","https://openalex.org/W2569573010","https://openalex.org/W2580106217","https://openalex.org/W2732397736","https://openalex.org/W2746096055","https://openalex.org/W2887159540"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012814627","https://openalex.org/W4212983570","https://openalex.org/W1969800173","https://openalex.org/W2133213949","https://openalex.org/W191796962","https://openalex.org/W4226355681","https://openalex.org/W2347012627","https://openalex.org/W3183163598","https://openalex.org/W2806858184","https://openalex.org/W3093576762"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Almost":[0],"all":[1],"children":[2],"in":[3,67,81,145],"Singapore":[4,146],"complete":[5],"1":[6],"year":[7],"of":[8,39,46,75,107,125],"preschool":[9,15,64,76],"before":[10],"entering":[11],"primary":[12],"school.":[13],"However,":[14],"education":[16],"(PSE)":[17],"is":[18,22],"not":[19],"compulsory":[20],"and":[21,51,55,61,84,116,119,123,128,139],"provided":[23],"primarily":[24],"by":[25],"the":[26,30,37,40,44,53,68,88,90,121],"private":[27],"sector.":[28],"Taking":[29],"national":[31],"agenda":[32],"for":[33,63,96,101,134],"reforming":[34],"PSE":[35,95,144],"at":[36],"start":[38,100],"twenty-first":[41],"century":[42],"as":[43],"point":[45],"departure,":[47],"this":[48],"paper":[49],"describes":[50],"discusses":[52],"policies":[54],"strategies":[56],"that":[57],"have":[58],"been":[59],"introduced":[60],"implemented":[62],"quality":[65,135],"enhancement":[66,136],"past":[69],"15":[70],"years.":[71],"Three":[72],"major":[73],"waves":[74],"policy":[77],"reviews":[78,109],"were":[79,110],"undertaken":[80],"2000,":[82],"2008,":[83],"2012":[85],"attesting":[86],"to":[87,93,112,141],"seriousness":[89],"government":[91],"attaches":[92],"improving":[94],"encouraging":[97],"a":[98],"strong":[99],"every":[102],"child.":[103],"The":[104],"key":[105],"recommendations":[106,133],"these":[108],"related":[111],"uplifting":[113],"teacher,":[114],"center,":[115],"program":[117],"quality,":[118],"enhancing":[120],"affordability":[122],"accessibility":[124],"PSE.":[126],"Opportunities":[127],"challenges":[129],"associated":[130],"with":[131],"implementing":[132],"are":[137,147],"discussed":[138],"suggestions":[140],"further":[142],"enhance":[143],"explored.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2017-07-21T00:00:00"}