{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2735308317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","title":"Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a multicylinder common rail direct injection diesel engine fuelled with ethanol-acid oil methyl ester-diesel blends","display_name":"Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a multicylinder common rail direct injection diesel engine fuelled with ethanol-acid oil methyl ester-diesel blends","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-07-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2735308317","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","mag":"2735308317"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186136","display_name":"Biofuels","issn_l":"1759-7269","issn":["1759-7269","1759-7277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biofuels","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101661074","display_name":"S.P. Rajesh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154316","display_name":"Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddbg479","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154316","https://openalex.org/I65674248"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Rajesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere 577 004, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere 577 004, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154316"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018088022","display_name":"Nagaraj Ramalingayya Banapurmath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-6234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-6234","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-8897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132975163","display_name":"KLE Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/04yh52k23","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132975163"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. R. Banpurmath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, B.V.B. College of Engineering and Technology, Hubballi, 580031, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-6234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, B.V.B. College of Engineering and Technology, Hubballi, 580031, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132975163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110465946","display_name":"B. M. Kulkarni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154316","display_name":"Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddbg479","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154316","https://openalex.org/I65674248"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. M. Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere, 577 004, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere, 577 004, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154316"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015462384","display_name":"S. Kumarappa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-239X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-239X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154316","display_name":"Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddbg479","country_code":null,"type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387154316","https://openalex.org/I65674248"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Kumarappa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere 577 004, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere 577 004, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387154316"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018088022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132975163"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2342,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52651761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"109","last_page":"120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.014499999582767487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13990","display_name":"Engine and Fuel Emissions","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-rail-direct-injection-diesel-engine","display_name":"common rail direct injection diesel engine","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-performance","display_name":"engine performance","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-emissions","display_name":"vehicle emissions","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion-characteristics","display_name":"combustion characteristics","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brake-thermal-efficiency","display_name":"brake thermal efficiency","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nox-emissions","display_name":"NOx emissions","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-monoxide-emissions","display_name":"carbon monoxide emissions","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrocarbon-emissions","display_name":"hydrocarbon emissions","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoke-emissions","display_name":"smoke emissions","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-speed-effects","display_name":"engine speed effects","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-load-effects","display_name":"engine load effects","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-knock","display_name":"engine knock","score":0.6830000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.7933281660079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203032635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20962970","display_name":"NOx","level":3,"score":0.7594395875930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780804531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174174","display_name":"Diesel engine","level":2,"score":0.7498342394828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52896960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167947","display_name":"Biodiesel","level":3,"score":0.7070990204811096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50406533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452104","display_name":"Thermal efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5374297499656677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.5025081634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.5021748542785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58874564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130768","display_name":"Smoke","level":2,"score":0.5002765655517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.4831225574016571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747223","display_name":"Common rail","level":3,"score":0.48298823833465576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.4514247477054596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73081478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814856","display_name":"Brake specific fuel consumption","level":3,"score":0.4311579763889313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4078759551048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.37367045879364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3637199401855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2423597276210785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.1494843065738678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11927512288093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.04409310221672058}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17597269.2017.1345361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186136","display_name":"Biofuels","issn_l":"1759-7269","issn":["1759-7269","1759-7277"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biofuels","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8485000133514404}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1853087827","https://openalex.org/W1857819817","https://openalex.org/W1980120923","https://openalex.org/W1991271428","https://openalex.org/W1997634163","https://openalex.org/W1998702289","https://openalex.org/W2025425130","https://openalex.org/W2029497559","https://openalex.org/W2038471603","https://openalex.org/W2043970575","https://openalex.org/W2044433700","https://openalex.org/W2063087680","https://openalex.org/W2070560879","https://openalex.org/W2082737633","https://openalex.org/W2089840411","https://openalex.org/W2090087371","https://openalex.org/W2422816009","https://openalex.org/W2487471814","https://openalex.org/W2761682994","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048972967","https://openalex.org/W4375953043","https://openalex.org/W4383889936","https://openalex.org/W4283749966","https://openalex.org/W2235878471","https://openalex.org/W2127860540","https://openalex.org/W4294554169","https://openalex.org/W4251177176","https://openalex.org/W3132697580","https://openalex.org/W1993013782"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,75,81,144],"present":[2,76],"work":[3,77],"biodiesel":[4,22],"was":[5,23,47,59,180],"used":[6,16],"as":[7,140],"an":[8],"emulsifier":[9],"for":[10,17,65,97,182],"diesel":[11,18,50,123],"and":[12,15,51,100,107,112,132,137,169,174],"ethanol":[13],"mixtures":[14],"engine":[19,96,102,154,183],"applications.":[20],"The":[21,35,72,87,125],"produced":[24],"from":[25,157],"acid":[26,37,42],"oil,":[27],"a":[28,93],"waste":[29],"by-product":[30],"of":[31,54,74,84,104,115],"vegetable":[32],"oil":[33,43],"refineries.":[34],"fatty":[36],"methyl":[38,44],"ester":[39,45],"mixture,":[40],"called":[41],"(AOME),":[46],"blended":[48],"with":[49,121],"ethanol.":[52],"Characterization":[53],"these":[55,116],"ethanol-biodiesel-diesel":[56],"(EBD)":[57],"blends":[58,89,117,145],"done":[60],"to":[61,79,159],"ascertain":[62],"their":[63],"suitability":[64],"common":[66],"rail":[67],"direct":[68],"injection":[69],"(CRDI)":[70],"engines.":[71],"objective":[73],"is":[78],"determine":[80],"optimal":[82],"use":[83],"EBD":[85],"blends.":[86],"selected":[88],"were":[90,150,172],"tested":[91],"in":[92,143],"four-cylinder":[94],"CRDI":[95],"different":[98],"loads":[99],"at":[101],"speeds":[103,155,184],"1200,":[105],"1500":[106],"1800":[108,160,186],"rpm.":[109,187],"Performance,":[110],"emission":[111],"combustion":[113],"characteristics":[114],"ware":[118],"then":[119],"compared":[120],"standard":[122],"fuel.":[124],"studies":[126],"indicate":[127],"decreased":[128],"brake":[129,162],"thermal":[130,163],"efficiency":[131,164],"increased":[133,146,156,177],"carbon":[134,166],"monoxide,":[135,167],"hydrocarbon":[136,168],"smoke":[138,170],"emissions":[139,149,171,176],"alcohol":[141],"concentration":[142],"while":[147],"NOx":[148,175],"significantly":[151],"reduced.":[152],"As":[153],"1200":[158],"rpm,":[161],"increased,":[165],"reduced":[173],"significantly.":[178],"Knocking":[179],"observed":[181],"beyond":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
