{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2732354576","doi":null,"title":"Longitudinal Relaxation of $^3$He Vapor in Mixtures of $^3$He and $^4$He Below the $^4$He Lambda Point","display_name":"Longitudinal Relaxation of $^3$He Vapor in Mixtures of $^3$He and $^4$He Below the $^4$He Lambda Point","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2732354576","mag":"2732354576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2732354576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0603176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0603176","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108884452","display_name":"Q. Ye","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Q. Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047991309","display_name":"D. Dutta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-2849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7103-2849","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-3978"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1191-3978","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034996982","display_name":"H. Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-3088","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-3088","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5953-4996","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-4510"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028024658","display_name":"K. Kramer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-1355","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-1355"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Kramer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-1355","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xianghong Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-9782","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-9782"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xianghong Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5619-9782","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036185359","display_name":"X. Zong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4109-8438","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4109-8438"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"X. Zong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4109-8438","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042029085","display_name":"L. Hannelius","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Hannelius","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110004951","display_name":"R. D. McKeown","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. D. McKeown","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106316858","display_name":"B. Heyburn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Heyburn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110355795","display_name":"S. M. Singer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. M. Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034676046","display_name":"Robert Golub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7881-1207","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7881-1207"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Golub","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7881-1207","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037478954","display_name":"E. Korobkina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-3681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-3681"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Korobkina","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-3681","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11965","display_name":"Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11809","display_name":"Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitudinal-relaxation-time","display_name":"longitudinal relaxation time","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3he-4he-mixtures","display_name":"3He-4He mixtures","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spin-exchange-optical-pumping","display_name":"spin-exchange optical pumping","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adiabatic-fast-passage","display_name":"adiabatic fast passage","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutron-electric-dipole-moment","display_name":"neutron electric dipole moment","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-temperature-nmr","display_name":"low-temperature NMR","score":0.5770000219345093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778113609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10897","display_name":"Lambda","level":2,"score":0.7621285915374756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109410595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910137","display_name":"Lambda point","level":4,"score":0.659199059009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.519113302230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3935810","display_name":"Relaxation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4719476103782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4572581350803375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58070368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106410","display_name":"Triple point","level":2,"score":0.43872272968292236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15522680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151346","display_name":"Helium-4","level":3,"score":0.3607454299926758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.36033934354782104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.35500937700271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.35015636682510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546029482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q560","display_name":"Helium","level":2,"score":0.32320213317871094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.241784930229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184779094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26383","display_name":"Atomic physics","level":1,"score":0.12919077277183533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1106518805027008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.11002016067504883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08244010806083679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.053809136152267456}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2732354576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0603176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:936830","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/936830","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2732354576","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0603176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097450776","https://openalex.org/W2410835956","https://openalex.org/W1995485847","https://openalex.org/W2067692322","https://openalex.org/W2130776178","https://openalex.org/W2033093032","https://openalex.org/W1526696786","https://openalex.org/W2065009114","https://openalex.org/W4206851547","https://openalex.org/W1646620992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,84],"report":[1],"a":[2,14,21,29,60,87,97,109,128],"first":[3],"measurement":[4],"of":[5,10,16,63,80,93,142],"the":[6,24,53,75,104,114,132,146,159],"longitudinal":[7,68],"relaxation":[8,69,89,106],"time":[9,90,107],"$^3$He":[11,17,38,67,88],"vapor":[12],"in":[13,28,59,91],"mixture":[15],"-":[18],"$^4$He":[19,25],"at":[20,96,139],"temperature":[22,98],"below":[23],"$\\\\lambda$":[26],"point":[27],"deuterated":[30],"tetraphenyl":[31],"butadiene":[32],"(dTPB)":[33],"coated":[34],"acrylic":[35,54,111],"cell.":[36],"%The":[37],"nuclei":[39],"were":[40,49],"polarized":[41],"through":[42],"spin-exchange":[43],"optical":[44],"pumping":[45],"%of":[46],"Rubidium":[47],"and":[48],"then":[50],"transferred":[51],"to":[52,153],"cell":[55,112],"which":[56,137],"was":[57,72],"%embedded":[58],"cryogenic":[61],"dewar":[62],"liquid":[64],"$^4$He.":[65],"The":[66],"time,":[70],"$T_1$,":[71],"measured":[73],"using":[74],"Adiabatic":[76],"Fast":[77],"Passage":[78],"technique":[79],"Nuclear":[81],"Magnetic":[82],"Resonance.":[83],"have":[85],"obtained":[86],"excess":[92],"3000":[94],"seconds":[95],"around":[99],"1.9":[100],"K.":[101],"%In":[102],"comparison":[103],"$T_1$":[105],"from":[108],"uncoated":[110],"%under":[113],"same":[115],"experimental":[116],"condition":[117],"is":[118,151],"less":[119],"than":[120],"350":[121],"seconds.":[122],"These":[123],"results":[124],"are":[125],"important":[126,152],"for":[127,155],"new":[129,156],"search":[130,154],"on":[131],"neutron":[133],"electric":[134],"dipole":[135],"moment,":[136],"aims":[138],"two":[140],"orders":[141],"magnitude":[143],"improvement":[144],"over":[145],"current":[147],"limit.":[148],"Such":[149],"sensitivity":[150],"physics":[157],"beyond":[158],"Standard":[160],"Model.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2017-07-14T00:00:00"}
