{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2727325352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eax007","title":"The making of an \u2018orphan\u2019: cultural heritage digitization in the EU","display_name":"The making of an \u2018orphan\u2019: cultural heritage digitization in the EU","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2727325352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eax007","mag":"2727325352"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eax007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eax007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eax007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024651805","display_name":"Maria Lill\u00e0 Montagnani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-6478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-6478"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Lill\u00e0 Montagnani","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091394720","display_name":"Laura Zoboli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5410-1489","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5410-1489"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Zoboli","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4533,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4533},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4875,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95593778,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"3","first_page":"196","last_page":"212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.6425999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13842","display_name":"Intellectual Property Law","score":0.6425999999046326,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14457","display_name":"Intellectual Property Rights and Media","score":0.3361999988555908,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11769","display_name":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orphan-works","display_name":"orphan works","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-exceptions","display_name":"copyright exceptions","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-heritage-digitization","display_name":"cultural heritage digitization","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-institutions","display_name":"cultural institutions","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-copying-exception","display_name":"private copying exception","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-copyright-law","display_name":"EU copyright law","score":0.652999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.9058403968811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.8490756154060364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.7957027554512024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6209949254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156005406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2787508","display_name":"Subsistence agriculture","level":3,"score":0.5686073899269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.49058738350868225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991950495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3152824","display_name":"Cultural institution","level":2,"score":0.46590811014175415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93371752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572824","display_name":"Cultural heritage management","level":3,"score":0.43631571531295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3774837553501129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3553793430328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3211020827293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2947317361831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.26389995217323303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.21785596013069153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.21471986174583435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.19319018721580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1917429268360138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16826125979423523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.1578044295310974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.14132538437843323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ijlit/eax007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eax007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/eax007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S193514341","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","issn_l":"0967-0769","issn":["0967-0769","1464-3693"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Law and Information Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unibocconi.it:11565/4002207","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11565/4002207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055170","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Bocconi","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.666700005531311,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2858080926","display_name":"Enhancing access to 20th Century cultural heritage through Distributed Orphan Works clearance (EnDOW)","funder_award_id":"AH/N504385/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334609","funder_display_name":"Arts and Humanities Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334609","display_name":"Arts and Humanities Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0505m1554"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3125546640","https://openalex.org/W4406235959","https://openalex.org/W3210774711","https://openalex.org/W2945855054","https://openalex.org/W4232090606","https://openalex.org/W7166827029","https://openalex.org/W4318614950","https://openalex.org/W3058635019","https://openalex.org/W7047061831","https://openalex.org/W7154292558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18],"digitization":[1,103],"of":[2,13,27,51,97,105,120],"20th-century":[3],"cultural":[4,45,76,106,115],"heritage":[5,107],"is":[6,37,62],"severely":[7],"restricted":[8],"by":[9,84,113],"the":[10,25,32,65,81,85,95,98,102,121,127,135],"potential":[11],"subsistence":[12],"copyright":[14,29,60],"and":[15,53,88,123,131],"related":[16],"rights.":[17],"European":[19],"Union":[20],"has":[21,68],"decidedly":[22],"bet":[23],"on":[24,101,126],"introduction":[26],"a":[28,41],"exception,":[30],"through":[31],"Orphan":[33],"Works":[34],"Directive,":[35],"which":[36,67],"deemed":[38],"to":[39,43,47],"be":[40,110],"tool":[42],"allow":[44],"institutions":[46,77,116],"digitize":[48],"their":[49,59],"collections":[50],"19th":[52],"20th":[54],"century":[55],"works,":[56],"even":[57],"when":[58],"status":[61],"uncertain.":[63],"Despite":[64],"emphasis":[66],"surrounded":[69],"its":[70],"adoption,":[71],"preliminary":[72],"evidence":[73],"shows":[74],"that":[75,108,117],"do":[78],"not":[79],"consider":[80],"scheme":[82],"introduced":[83],"Directive":[86],"scalable":[87],"effective.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91],"article,":[92],"we":[93,124],"evaluate":[94],"impact":[96],"permitted":[99],"uses":[100],"process":[104],"can":[109],"carried":[111],"out":[112],"those":[114],"are":[118],"beneficiaries":[119],"exception":[122],"focus":[125],"interaction":[128],"between":[129],"private":[130],"public":[132],"sector":[133],"in":[134],"field.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2017-07-14T00:00:00"}