{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2696468","doi":null,"title":"Laboratory guidelines and procedures: Trace elements in coal. [Contains glossary]","display_name":"Laboratory guidelines and procedures: Trace elements in coal. [Contains glossary]","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2696468","mag":"2696468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2696468","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/6306932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033178102","display_name":"D.J. Akers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.J. Akers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027620843","display_name":"D.L. Streib","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.L. Streib","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091135419","display_name":"Morgantown Associates","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morgantown Associates","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034608023","display_name":"M. Hudyncia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Hudyncia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00062131,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12218","display_name":"Coal and Its By-products","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12218","display_name":"Coal and Its By-products","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14428","display_name":"Coal and Coke Industries Research","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10180","display_name":"Analytical chemistry methods development","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace-elements-in-coal","display_name":"trace elements in coal","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-analysis","display_name":"coal analysis","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-methods","display_name":"analytical methods","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laboratory-standardization","display_name":"laboratory standardization","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certified-reference-materials","display_name":"certified reference materials","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-fired-power-generation","display_name":"coal-fired power generation","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measurement-uncertainty","display_name":"measurement uncertainty","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-quality","display_name":"coal quality","score":0.5440000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7138541340827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518851703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489","display_name":"Coal","level":2,"score":0.678022027015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34682378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q351792","display_name":"Trace element","level":2,"score":0.5263674855232239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4987332820892334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780031656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q859161","display_name":"Glossary","level":2,"score":0.45223280787467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.3308241367340088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2638205289840698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.16237133741378784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10546928644180298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2696468","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/6306932","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521681576","https://openalex.org/W4250910781","https://openalex.org/W2911686087","https://openalex.org/W4379380059","https://openalex.org/W2038372759","https://openalex.org/W2032782385","https://openalex.org/W4251870618","https://openalex.org/W4233113205","https://openalex.org/W177949378","https://openalex.org/W7151696698"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,53],"preliminary":[1],"trace":[2,19,46,58,110,136],"element":[3],"work,":[4],"researchers":[5],"at":[6],"CQ":[7],"Inc.'s":[8],"Coal":[9],"Quality":[10],"Development":[11],"found":[12],"that":[13],"there":[14,78],"is":[15,33,90],"significant":[16],"information":[17,32],"on":[18,42],"elements":[20,47,59,111,137],"in":[21,48,60,72,93,152],"coal":[22,61,101],"scattered":[23],"throughout":[24],"available":[25,116,150],"industry":[26],"literature,":[27],"but":[28],"much":[29],"of":[30,45,96,135,146,149],"the":[31,43,49,91,114,124,147],"difficult":[34],"to":[35,69,143],"find":[36],"and":[37,112,155],"very":[38],"little":[39],"focuses":[40],"specifically":[41],"impact":[44],"power":[50],"generation":[51],"industry.":[52],"addition,":[54],"procedures":[55],"for":[56,84,99,107,126],"analyzing":[57,100,108],"are":[62,79],"often":[63],"not":[64],"standardized,":[65],"which":[66,89],"can":[67],"lead":[68],"wide":[70],"variation":[71],"results":[73,121],"among":[74],"commercial":[75],"laboratories.":[76],"Moreover,":[77],"few":[80],"certified":[81],"reference":[82],"materials":[83],"assessing":[85],"results.":[86,157],"This":[87],"report,":[88],"fifth":[92],"a":[94,139],"series":[95],"laboratory":[97],"guidelines":[98],"(CS-5644),":[102],"describes":[103],"commonly":[104],"used":[105],"methods":[106],"eleven":[109],"identifies":[113],"best":[115],"absorption":[117],"technology":[118,151],"offers":[119],"reasonable":[120],"while":[122],"avoiding":[123],"need":[125,142],"costly":[127],"equipment.":[128],"Even":[129],"with":[130],"these":[131],"guidelines,":[132],"accurate":[133],"measurement":[134],"remains":[138],"challenge.":[140],"Utilities":[141],"be":[144],"aware":[145],"limitations":[148],"properly":[153],"interpreting":[154],"using":[156],"40":[158],"refs.,":[159],"7":[160],"figs.,":[161],"13":[162],"tabs.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}