{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2622674367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","title":"Progress In Achieving Health Equity Requires Attention To Root Causes","display_name":"Progress In Achieving Health Equity Requires Attention To Root Causes","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2622674367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","mag":"2622674367","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28583955"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185023","display_name":"Health Affairs","issn_l":"0278-2715","issn":["0278-2715","1544-5208","2694-233X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-a","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315983","host_organization_name":"Project HOPE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315983"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Project HOPE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Affairs","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001758658","display_name":"Steven H. Woolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-033X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-033X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184840846","display_name":"Virginia Commonwealth University","ror":"https://ror.org/02nkdxk79","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Steven H. Woolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Steven H. Woolf (         ) is director of the Center on Society and Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, in Richmond"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Steven H. Woolf (         ) is director of the Center on Society and Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, in Richmond","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001758658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184840846"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6519,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9918677,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"6","first_page":"984","last_page":"991"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.8184000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.8184000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13633","display_name":"Public Health and Social Inequalities","score":0.1696999967098236,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12041","display_name":"Public Health Policies and Education","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-equity","display_name":"health equity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-determinants-of-health","display_name":"social determinants of health","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersectoral-collaboration","display_name":"intersectoral collaboration","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-mobility","display_name":"social mobility","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-inequality","display_name":"income inequality","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-health","display_name":"rural health","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-class-families","display_name":"middle-class families","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-health","display_name":"population health","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-institutions","display_name":"financial institutions","score":0.46700000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.7231321334838867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133925201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188419","display_name":"Life expectancy","level":3,"score":0.663558840751648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.660552442073822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.6014083623886108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.5407782196998596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5244677066802979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4931761622428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78491826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045352","display_name":"Social determinants of health","level":3,"score":0.46813496947288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.4482642412185669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4099184274673462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.36406829953193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3477759063243866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3031936287879944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2215348184108734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.221358060836792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15903407335281372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069576","descriptor_name":"Health Equity","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000075485","descriptor_name":"Population Health","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006291","descriptor_name":"Health Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008017","descriptor_name":"Life Expectancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011203","descriptor_name":"Poverty","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0197","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185023","display_name":"Health Affairs","issn_l":"0278-2715","issn":["0278-2715","1544-5208","2694-233X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-a","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315983","host_organization_name":"Project HOPE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315983"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Project HOPE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Affairs","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28583955","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28583955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health affairs (Project Hope)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":1.0},{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.8928999900817871},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.699999988079071}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539094103","https://openalex.org/W1551388977","https://openalex.org/W1707884215","https://openalex.org/W1953606662","https://openalex.org/W1957062247","https://openalex.org/W1975680102","https://openalex.org/W2002459162","https://openalex.org/W2029831352","https://openalex.org/W2031019826","https://openalex.org/W2070255351","https://openalex.org/W2102575997","https://openalex.org/W2105584013","https://openalex.org/W2127430770","https://openalex.org/W2129283428","https://openalex.org/W2130378535","https://openalex.org/W2135216369","https://openalex.org/W2149825729","https://openalex.org/W2257133172","https://openalex.org/W2325781243","https://openalex.org/W2339546412","https://openalex.org/W2339740280","https://openalex.org/W2346373677","https://openalex.org/W2347018679","https://openalex.org/W2347061324","https://openalex.org/W2556472877","https://openalex.org/W2563869522","https://openalex.org/W2576954885","https://openalex.org/W2580880983","https://openalex.org/W2892134156","https://openalex.org/W2904798609","https://openalex.org/W3021118582","https://openalex.org/W4241081658","https://openalex.org/W4251172173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4235095732","https://openalex.org/W3005917829","https://openalex.org/W2769672338","https://openalex.org/W2127430770","https://openalex.org/W2497800165","https://openalex.org/W3114332623","https://openalex.org/W4387771924","https://openalex.org/W4395449397","https://openalex.org/W2189489821","https://openalex.org/W2579291389"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Life":[0],"expectancy":[1],"and":[2,18,47,57,64,79,91,96,133,136,149,152],"disease":[3],"rates":[4],"in":[5,40,52,84,125],"the":[6,38,68,103,107,116,142],"United":[7],"States":[8],"differ":[9],"starkly":[10],"among":[11],"Americans":[12],"depending":[13],"on":[14,109],"their":[15,75,137,157],"demographic":[16],"characteristics":[17],"where":[19],"they":[20],"live.":[21],"Although":[22],"health":[23,110,139],"care":[24],"systems":[25],"are":[26,82],"taking":[27],"important":[28],"steps":[29],"to":[30,59,73,87,105,112,146],"reduce":[31],"inequities,":[32],"meaningful":[33],"progress":[34],"requires":[35],"interventions":[36],"outside":[37],"clinic,":[39],"sectors":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"employment,":[44],"housing,":[45],"transportation,":[46],"public":[48],"safety.":[49],"Inequities":[50],"exist":[51],"each":[53],"of":[54,70,119],"these":[55,89],"sectors,":[56],"barriers":[58,90],"educational":[60,154],"attainment,":[61],"higher-income":[62],"jobs,":[63],"social":[65],"mobility":[66],"limit":[67],"opportunity":[69],"disadvantaged":[71],"people":[72,124],"improve":[74,153],"circumstances.":[76],"Financial":[77],"institutions":[78],"other":[80],"stakeholders":[81],"investing":[83],"cross-sector":[85],"collaborations":[86],"remove":[88],"thereby":[92],"strengthen":[93],"local":[94],"economies":[95],"population":[97],"health.":[98],"Meanwhile,":[99],"recent":[100],"trends":[101],"suggest":[102],"need":[104,143],"widen":[106],"lens":[108],"equity,":[111],"include":[113],"not":[114],"only":[115],"low-income":[117,148],"residents":[118],"inner-city":[120],"neighborhoods":[121],"but":[122],"also":[123],"economically":[126],"marginalized":[127],"rural":[128],"communities.":[129],"Widening":[130],"income":[131],"inequality":[132],"stagnant":[134],"wages,":[135],"alarming":[138],"consequences,":[140],"underscore":[141],"for":[144,156],"policies":[145],"help":[147],"middle-class":[150],"families":[151],"opportunities":[155],"children.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2017-06-15T00:00:00"}
