{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2622443338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","title":"The Roles of Phasic and Tonic Dopamine in Tic Learning and Expression","display_name":"The Roles of Phasic and Tonic Dopamine in Tic Learning and Expression","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2622443338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","mag":"2622443338","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28734459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205482884","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry","issn_l":"0006-3223","issn":["0006-3223","1873-2402"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046512944","display_name":"Tiago V. Maia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-0389","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-0389"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738257","display_name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular Jo\u00e3o Lobo Antunes","ror":"https://ror.org/019g8w217","country_code":"PT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4392738257","https://openalex.org/I4405252639"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tiago V. Maia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: tiago.v.maia@gmail.com","Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5254-0389","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: tiago.v.maia@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4392738257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4392738257"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013008004","display_name":"Vasco A. Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-5748","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-5748"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141596103","display_name":"University of Lisbon","ror":"https://ror.org/01c27hj86","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392738257","display_name":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular Jo\u00e3o Lobo Antunes","ror":"https://ror.org/019g8w217","country_code":"PT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4392738257","https://openalex.org/I4405252639"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasco A. Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4392738257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046512944"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141596103","https://openalex.org/I4392738257"],"apc_list":{"value":5489,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5489},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3794,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":79,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77340824,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"6","first_page":"401","last_page":"412"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11123","display_name":"Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11123","display_name":"Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Neurological disorders and treatments","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourette-syndrome","display_name":"Tourette syndrome","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phasic-dopamine","display_name":"phasic dopamine","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tonic-dopamine","display_name":"tonic dopamine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"reinforcement learning","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habit-learning","display_name":"habit learning","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-habits","display_name":"motor habits","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antipsychotic-drugs","display_name":"antipsychotic drugs","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-pathway","display_name":"indirect pathway","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-potentiation","display_name":"long-term potentiation","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopamine-agonists","display_name":"dopamine agonists","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic-dysfunction","display_name":"dopaminergic dysfunction","score":0.5299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127573956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7821376","display_name":"Tonic (physiology)","level":2,"score":0.8600804805755615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738538","display_name":"Tics","level":2,"score":0.8019267320632935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7157908082008362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6931760907173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777026814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191779","display_name":"Tourette syndrome","level":2,"score":0.6744939088821411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.5637525320053101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.5439467430114746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09749412536621094}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004298","descriptor_name":"Dopamine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005879","descriptor_name":"Tourette Syndrome","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020323","descriptor_name":"Tics","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.05.025","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205482884","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry","issn_l":"0006-3223","issn":["0006-3223","1873-2402"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological Psychiatry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28734459","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28734459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biological psychiatry","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.ulisboa.pt:10451/54370","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10451/54370","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":152,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11974443","https://openalex.org/W59793325","https://openalex.org/W61007526","https://openalex.org/W83957790","https://openalex.org/W192505479","https://openalex.org/W586969556","https://openalex.org/W789179867","https://openalex.org/W1560595356","https://openalex.org/W1580587320","https://openalex.org/W1607052939","https://openalex.org/W1717491325","https://openalex.org/W1843400861","https://openalex.org/W1932354984","https://openalex.org/W1949714316","https://openalex.org/W1961847285","https://openalex.org/W1965081284","https://openalex.org/W1969089145","https://openalex.org/W1970375293","https://openalex.org/W1970507402","https://openalex.org/W1971999279","https://openalex.org/W1976284302","https://openalex.org/W1976935097","https://openalex.org/W1978660947","https://openalex.org/W1978827968","https://openalex.org/W1980350096","https://openalex.org/W1982054772","https://openalex.org/W1982670892","https://openalex.org/W1983445937","https://openalex.org/W1985223881","https://openalex.org/W1989486566","https://openalex.org/W1990041406","https://openalex.org/W1991043200","https://openalex.org/W1992343732","https://openalex.org/W1993104939","https://openalex.org/W1993130087","https://openalex.org/W1995616191","https://openalex.org/W1998051018","https://openalex.org/W1998618539","https://openalex.org/W2004995830","https://openalex.org/W2006521913","https://openalex.org/W2006734443","https://openalex.org/W2007276191","https://openalex.org/W2007524113","https://openalex.org/W2008565771","https://openalex.org/W2009158769","https://openalex.org/W2010073791","https://openalex.org/W2011483628","https://openalex.org/W2011897114","https://openalex.org/W2014306781","https://openalex.org/W2015634638","https://openalex.org/W2015701330","https://openalex.org/W2020000579","https://openalex.org/W2024467620","https://openalex.org/W2024942356","https://openalex.org/W2027495209","https://openalex.org/W2027600189","https://openalex.org/W2028607821","https://openalex.org/W2029409685","https://openalex.org/W2033074878","https://openalex.org/W2035808401","https://openalex.org/W2036976328","https://openalex.org/W2037226859","https://openalex.org/W2037457092","https://openalex.org/W2038759008","https://openalex.org/W2041668766","https://openalex.org/W2043292527","https://openalex.org/W2044703125","https://openalex.org/W2045666128","https://openalex.org/W2045696805","https://openalex.org/W2046466534","https://openalex.org/W2046713808","https://openalex.org/W2052380247","https://openalex.org/W2055078063","https://openalex.org/W2057001461","https://openalex.org/W2058279623","https://openalex.org/W2058572985","https://openalex.org/W2060128323","https://openalex.org/W2062263332","https://openalex.org/W2063293639","https://openalex.org/W2064975948","https://openalex.org/W2070248535","https://openalex.org/W2071389360","https://openalex.org/W2071663305","https://openalex.org/W2078633164","https://openalex.org/W2088878456","https://openalex.org/W2095088925","https://openalex.org/W2095726969","https://openalex.org/W2096240659","https://openalex.org/W2098701023","https://openalex.org/W2102081573","https://openalex.org/W2103493168","https://openalex.org/W2103768739","https://openalex.org/W2104679634","https://openalex.org/W2106999330","https://openalex.org/W2108710427","https://openalex.org/W2109541060","https://openalex.org/W2111535985","https://openalex.org/W2117726420","https://openalex.org/W2118830830","https://openalex.org/W2119545761","https://openalex.org/W2119753690","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2122790331","https://openalex.org/W2123649732","https://openalex.org/W2125735154","https://openalex.org/W2126311844","https://openalex.org/W2129478155","https://openalex.org/W2131822484","https://openalex.org/W2132042075","https://openalex.org/W2132456221","https://openalex.org/W2132473069","https://openalex.org/W2135574539","https://openalex.org/W2139151744","https://openalex.org/W2139281467","https://openalex.org/W2139693994","https://openalex.org/W2141977873","https://openalex.org/W2143141993","https://openalex.org/W2143951357","https://openalex.org/W2146676986","https://openalex.org/W2147542580","https://openalex.org/W2147801619","https://openalex.org/W2150514983","https://openalex.org/W2153562927","https://openalex.org/W2156315378","https://openalex.org/W2156952192","https://openalex.org/W2157805084","https://openalex.org/W2165673024","https://openalex.org/W2165843693","https://openalex.org/W2168457305","https://openalex.org/W2168565425","https://openalex.org/W2168813032","https://openalex.org/W2168954492","https://openalex.org/W2243210982","https://openalex.org/W2254007091","https://openalex.org/W2265347827","https://openalex.org/W2292207655","https://openalex.org/W2340487155","https://openalex.org/W2342940951","https://openalex.org/W2408919776","https://openalex.org/W2410671764","https://openalex.org/W2411519439","https://openalex.org/W2464732678","https://openalex.org/W2482069540","https://openalex.org/W2496098293","https://openalex.org/W2513279500","https://openalex.org/W2513891733","https://openalex.org/W2521738011","https://openalex.org/W2524001626","https://openalex.org/W2559332942","https://openalex.org/W2801073530","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4244867204"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2728113146","https://openalex.org/W2801073530","https://openalex.org/W2802813160","https://openalex.org/W1993130087","https://openalex.org/W2082533131","https://openalex.org/W242561741","https://openalex.org/W7215053782","https://openalex.org/W626563218","https://openalex.org/W2007524113","https://openalex.org/W2504737870"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2017-06-15T00:00:00"}