{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2621189409","doi":null,"title":"Child Labour in Artisanal and Small Scale Mining: The Case of North Mara Mine","display_name":"Child Labour in Artisanal and Small Scale Mining: The Case of North Mara Mine","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2621189409","mag":"2621189409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2621189409","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africaneditors.org/journal/JOUT/abstract/98741-67274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764656623","display_name":"Huria Journal of the Open University of Tanzania","issn_l":"0856-6739","issn":["0856-6739"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Huria Journal of the Open University of Tanzania","raw_type":null},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2621189409"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://africaneditors.org/journal/JOUT/abstract/98741-67274","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011339956","display_name":"Johnas Amon Buhori","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-0623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-0623"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johnas Amon Buhori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011339956"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"1","first_page":"130","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.850600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11933","display_name":"Mining and Resource Management","score":0.850600004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11556","display_name":"Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare","score":0.1251000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3303","display_name":"Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11506","display_name":"Children's Rights and Participation","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-labor","display_name":"child labor","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artisanal-and-small-scale-mining","display_name":"artisanal and small-scale mining","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-rights","display_name":"children's rights","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-influence","display_name":"peer influence","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-coercion","display_name":"family coercion","score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/child-welfare","display_name":"child welfare","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gold-mining","display_name":"gold mining","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-conflicts","display_name":"mining conflicts","score":0.33799999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071389","display_name":"Gold mining","level":2,"score":0.6164984703063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158251709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354025","display_name":"Intrusion","level":2,"score":0.5953981280326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.491013765335083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.48788881301879883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.48579883575439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.45283883810043335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4523528218269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776040635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3153728","display_name":"Trespass","level":2,"score":0.44773054122924805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.41059449315071106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3960205018520355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3486414849758148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3185141682624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2825867533683777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2461463212966919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.18774756789207458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.17955628037452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2621189409","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africaneditors.org/journal/JOUT/abstract/98741-67274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764656623","display_name":"Huria Journal of the Open University of Tanzania","issn_l":"0856-6739","issn":["0856-6739"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Huria Journal of the Open University of Tanzania","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2621189409","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://africaneditors.org/journal/JOUT/abstract/98741-67274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764656623","display_name":"Huria Journal of the Open University of Tanzania","issn_l":"0856-6739","issn":["0856-6739"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321518","host_organization_name":"African Journals OnLine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321518"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["African Journals OnLine"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Huria Journal of the Open University of Tanzania","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2211653382"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4324032822","https://openalex.org/W4377990965","https://openalex.org/W6993039632","https://openalex.org/W4408093424","https://openalex.org/W3194332512","https://openalex.org/W4393115073","https://openalex.org/W1790438464","https://openalex.org/W4292479247","https://openalex.org/W4405988969","https://openalex.org/W2809194890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,16,94,142,162],"study":[1,20,95,163],"aimed":[2],"at":[3,69],"identifying":[4],"the":[5,39,53,59,66,99,111,171,177,180,191,201],"reasons":[6,112],"for":[7],"child":[8,74],"involvement":[9,158],"into":[10,176],"North":[11,70],"Mara":[12],"Gold":[13,63],"Mines":[14],"conflicts.":[15],"concern":[17],"of":[18,73,102,129,137,190,234],"this":[19],"was":[21,49],"that,":[22,166],"children":[23,83,97,167,185,205,217,229],"are":[24,124,168,186],"used":[25,169],"in":[26,47,159],"mining":[27,67,154],"activities":[28,68,155],"while":[29],"giving":[30],"away":[31],"their":[32,88,114,119,149],"basic":[33],"rights.":[34],"Their":[35],"propensity":[36],"to":[37,51,109,131,174,206],"intrude":[38],"large":[40],"scale":[41],"mines":[42,178],"and":[43,92,104,118,151,156,222],"steal":[44],"rocks":[45],"rich":[46],"gold":[48],"examined":[50],"establish":[52,110],"forces":[54],"behind":[55,113],"such":[56,160],"motives.":[57],"From":[58],"time":[60],"African":[61],"Barrick":[62],"took":[64],"over":[65],"Mara,":[71],"incidences":[72],"intrusion":[75],"were":[76,140,144,213,218],"on":[77,87,148,153],"increase.":[78],"These":[79],"acts":[80],"perpetrated":[81],"by":[82,170,188,220],"have":[84],"negative":[85],"impacts":[86],"welfare,":[89],"behavior,":[90,116],"growth":[91],"development.":[93],"sampled":[96],"between":[98],"age":[100],"group":[101,122],"13-17":[103],"employed":[105,125],"an":[106],"exploratory":[107],"design":[108],"pathetic":[115],"attitudes":[117],"actions.":[120],"Focus":[121],"discussions":[123],"using":[126],"small":[127,228],"groups":[128],"6":[130],"8":[132],"participants;":[133],"whereby":[134],"a":[135],"total":[136],"40":[138],"respondents":[139,143],"involved.":[141],"purposively":[145],"selected":[146],"based":[147],"experience":[150],"knowledge":[152],"children\u2019s":[157],"activities.":[161],"has":[164],"revealed":[165],"family":[172],"members":[173],"trespass":[175],"with":[179,232],"wrong":[181],"perception":[182],"that":[183],"if":[184],"apprehended":[187],"owners":[189],"mines,":[192],"they":[193,226],"will":[194],"be":[195,207],"released":[196],"without":[197],"being":[198],"charged":[199],"because":[200],"law":[202],"doesn\u2019t":[203],"permit":[204],"incarcerated":[208],"or":[209],"punished.":[210],"However,":[211],"there":[212],"many":[214],"cases":[215],"where":[216],"influenced":[219],"peers":[221],"environment,":[223],"especially":[224],"when":[225],"saw":[227],"going":[230],"around":[231],"plenty":[233],"money.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2017-06-09T00:00:00"}
