{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2620083183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","title":"The Differential Effects Of Female Only Vs. Co Ed Enrichment Programs On Middle School Students' Attitudes Toward Science, Mathematics And Engineering","display_name":"The Differential Effects Of Female Only Vs. Co Ed Enrichment Programs On Middle School Students' Attitudes Toward Science, Mathematics And Engineering","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2620083183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","mag":"2620083183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18260/1-2--1685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","pdf_url":"https://peer.asee.org/1685.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306497767","display_name":"ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://peer.asee.org/1685.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090613877","display_name":"Linda S. Hirsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-7084","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-7084"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda Hirsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology","Columbia University","Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003676368","display_name":"John D. Carpinelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Carpinelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology","Columbia University","Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046700399","display_name":"Howard Kimmel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard Kimmel","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045658435","display_name":"Ronald H. Rockland","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Rockland","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology","Columbia University","Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053829898","display_name":"Joel Bloom","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Bloom","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology","Columbia University","Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Columbia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0374,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84443398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"12.1408.1","last_page":"12.1408.12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13600","display_name":"Science Education and Perceptions","score":0.02810000069439411,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/junior-high-school-students","display_name":"junior high school students","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-towards-science","display_name":"attitudes toward science","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-mathematics","display_name":"attitudes toward mathematics","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-engineering","display_name":"attitudes toward engineering","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-engineering","display_name":"women in engineering","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/summer-enrichment-programs","display_name":"summer enrichment programs","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-college-programs","display_name":"pre-college programs","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-recruitment","display_name":"engineering recruitment","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-knowledge","display_name":"career knowledge","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.8679999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776762731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113616","display_name":"Women in science","level":2,"score":0.5715599060058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.48216885328292847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910734998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25305118","display_name":"Underrepresented Minority","level":2,"score":0.46933713555336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5041995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853745","display_name":"Engineering education","level":2,"score":0.46310824155807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11492827","display_name":"Computer Science and Engineering","level":2,"score":0.4579765200614929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.4538615047931671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993955422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Science and engineering","level":2,"score":0.4522862136363983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3554669916629791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3476342260837555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2981681823730469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2837684154510498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.16206768155097961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.1586143672466278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15667369961738586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.11413079500198364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.1016978919506073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.08852583169937134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18260/1-2--1685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","pdf_url":"https://peer.asee.org/1685.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306497767","display_name":"ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18260/1-2--1685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18260/1-2--1685","pdf_url":"https://peer.asee.org/1685.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306497767","display_name":"ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 Annual Conference & Exposition Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7307999730110168},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6025999784469604}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324885","display_name":"Nanjing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00n6txq60"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2620083183.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2620083183.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W338119072","https://openalex.org/W1509382932","https://openalex.org/W1533732457","https://openalex.org/W2030318182","https://openalex.org/W2102417426","https://openalex.org/W2115941342","https://openalex.org/W2124660721","https://openalex.org/W2140598167","https://openalex.org/W2149443835","https://openalex.org/W2153020916","https://openalex.org/W2352011509","https://openalex.org/W2482402068","https://openalex.org/W2593346117","https://openalex.org/W2610603124","https://openalex.org/W3134853862","https://openalex.org/W4247039117","https://openalex.org/W4250311751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058938059","https://openalex.org/W2052285050","https://openalex.org/W2602390329","https://openalex.org/W7098255447","https://openalex.org/W2153020916","https://openalex.org/W1509382932","https://openalex.org/W2616650193","https://openalex.org/W2789525568","https://openalex.org/W246471508","https://openalex.org/W6982613923"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Center":[1,166,317],"for":[2,67,102,167,193,318,351],"Pre-College":[3,168,319],"Programs":[4,169,320],"at":[5,315,327,332],"New":[6],"Jersey":[7],"Institute":[8],"of":[9,14,27,40,77,86,242,310,335,340,376],"Technology":[10],"offers":[11],"a":[12,139,151],"series":[13],"summer":[15,313],"programs":[16,88,226,314,401],"designed":[17,65],"to":[18,36,73,92,105,191,261,270,277,291,300,323,345,373],"increase":[19,37,74],"academically":[20],"talented":[21],"students'":[22,274,347,356],"interest":[23],"in":[24,33,55,58,70,80,135,173,179,196,206,211,233,255,289,304,355,368,382,397],"the":[25,38,75,87,165,187,220,243,311,316,325,328,333,371,374,377,395,398,403,407],"fields":[26,149],"science,":[28,359],"mathematics,":[29],"engineering":[30,81,112,125,136,145,180,218,285,292,362,369],"and":[31,45,60,82,127,154,181,183,200,237,264,280,293,296,330,349,361,363,384,388,390,402],"technology":[32,182],"an":[34,71,99],"effort":[35,72],"number":[39,76],"young":[41,68,119,175,235],"students,":[42,117],"particularly":[43,118,231],"girls":[44,201,236,396,404],"other":[46,83,147,408],"traditionally":[47],"underrepresented":[48],"minorities,":[49],"who":[50,297,307,405],"pursue":[51],"technological":[52,84,215],"careers.One":[53],"program":[54,245],"particular,":[56],"Woman":[57],"Engineering":[59],"Technology,":[61],"called":[62],"FEMME,":[63],"was":[64],"specifically":[66],"women":[69,78],"interested":[79],"careers.Most":[85],"span":[89],"grades":[90],"four":[91],"eight":[93],"because":[94,198],"middle":[95,272],"school":[96,223,273],"is":[97,298],"such":[98,160],"important":[100],"time":[101],"all":[103],"students":[104,143,176,306],"begin":[106],"thinking":[107],"about":[108,124,177,284,302,366],"future":[109],"careers.Research":[110],"on":[111],"recruitment":[113],"indicates":[114],"that":[115],"many":[116],"girls,":[120,389],"do":[121,156,202],"not":[122,141,157,203],"know":[123],"careers":[126,134,178,195,216,303,367],"have":[128,246,251],"few":[129],"adults":[130],"or":[131,146],"peers":[132],"discussing":[133],"with":[137],"them.As":[138],"result":[140],"enough":[142],"explore":[144],"technical":[148,207],"as":[150,161],"career":[152],"option":[153],"therefore":[155],"prepare":[158],"academically.Programs":[159],"those":[162],"offered":[163],"by":[164],"can":[170,229],"be":[171,230],"instrumental":[172],"informing":[174],"assure":[184],"they":[185,250],"receive":[186],"academic":[188],"background":[189],"required":[190],"study":[192],"these":[194],"college.Further,":[197],"boys":[199,387],"differ":[204],"much":[205],"abilities":[208],"but":[209,249],"rather":[210],"their":[212,239,282,287,336,364],"attitudes":[213,276,357],"toward":[214,358],"including":[217],"until":[219],"later":[221],"high":[222],"years,":[224],"single-gender":[225,399],"like":[227],"FEMME":[228,244,400],"effect":[232],"reaching":[234],"changing":[238],"attitudes.Initial":[240],"evaluations":[241],"been":[247,252,268],"positive":[248],"primarily":[253],"formative":[254],"nature.The":[256],"Middle":[257],"School":[258],"Students'":[259],"Attitude":[260],"Engineering,":[262],"Science":[263],"Mathematics":[265],"Survey":[266],"has":[267],"developed":[269],"measure":[271],"overall":[275],"engineering,":[278],"mathematics":[279,360],"science;":[281],"knowledge":[283,365,385],"careers;":[286],"self-efficacy":[288],"relation":[290],"technology-related":[294],"skills":[295],"talking":[299],"them":[301],"engineering.All":[305],"attended":[308,406],"one":[309],"2006":[312],"were":[321,343],"asked":[322],"complete":[324],"survey":[326],"beginning":[329,372],"again":[331],"end":[334,375],"program.Repeated":[337],"measures":[338],"analysis":[339],"variance":[341],"techniques":[342],"used":[344],"examine":[346],"responses":[348],"test":[350],"1)":[352],"significant":[353,380,392],"increases":[354],"from":[370],"program,":[378],"2)":[379],"differences":[381],"attitude":[383],"between":[386,394],"3)":[391],"difference":[393],"mixed-gender":[409],"programs.":[410]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2017-06-05T00:00:00"}