{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2616632736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","title":"Influences of stereotype and social distance on prejudice toward African Americans","display_name":"Influences of stereotype and social distance on prejudice toward African Americans","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2616632736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","mag":"2616632736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S188876174","display_name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","issn_l":"1433-0237","issn":["1433-0237","1815-5626"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dhet","dongbi-d","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2616632736"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031637619","display_name":"Ok-joo Choi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24062138","display_name":"Konkuk University","ror":"https://ror.org/025h1m602","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24062138"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ok-joo Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Welfare, Konkuk University, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Welfare, Konkuk University, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24062138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025140668","display_name":"Kyungsuk Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-358X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-358X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-2515"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28615091","display_name":"Kyonggi University","ror":"https://ror.org/032xf8h46","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116514","display_name":"Seoul University of Buddhism","ror":"https://ror.org/02an5qv02","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116514"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyung-suk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Counseling Psychology, Seoul University of Buddhism, South Korea","Department of Tourism Events and International Conferences, Kyonggi University, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Counseling Psychology, Seoul University of Buddhism, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116514"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tourism Events and International Conferences, Kyonggi University, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068247084","display_name":"Ki-tai Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28615091","display_name":"Kyonggi University","ror":"https://ror.org/032xf8h46","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116514","display_name":"Seoul University of Buddhism","ror":"https://ror.org/02an5qv02","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116514"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ki-tai Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Counseling Psychology, Seoul University of Buddhism, South Korea","Department of Tourism Events and International Conferences, Kyonggi University, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Counseling Psychology, Seoul University of Buddhism, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116514"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tourism Events and International Conferences, Kyonggi University, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28615091"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039287022","display_name":"Joon-ho Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-1136","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-1136"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joon-ho Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Education Institute, Golden CATs, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Education Institute, Golden CATs, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039287022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6251,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90740128,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"13","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.007300000172108412,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-prejudice","display_name":"racial prejudice","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotypes","display_name":"stereotypes","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-distance","display_name":"social distance","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-americans","display_name":"African Americans","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implicit-prejudice","display_name":"implicit prejudice","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism","display_name":"racism","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociodemographic-factors","display_name":"sociodemographic factors","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-americans","display_name":"White Americans","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences","display_name":"age differences","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.7960000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172656115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142613","display_name":"Social distance","level":5,"score":0.8542077541351318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107062074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109701697","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","level":2,"score":0.8442864418029785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7255592346191406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168127410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754331","display_name":"Stereotype (UML)","level":2,"score":0.7013392448425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.6549322009086609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6072062849998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.5681940317153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.4509819746017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776845425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q813952","display_name":"Stereotype threat","level":2,"score":0.4298231601715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.22703659534454346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.14310148358345032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07047334313392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2016.1268262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S188876174","display_name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","issn_l":"1433-0237","issn":["1433-0237","1815-5626"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dhet","dongbi-d","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651802340","https://openalex.org/W1585834220","https://openalex.org/W1972958494","https://openalex.org/W1996581033","https://openalex.org/W2008257281","https://openalex.org/W2009743488","https://openalex.org/W2023985409","https://openalex.org/W2084003806","https://openalex.org/W2092212977","https://openalex.org/W2107287470","https://openalex.org/W2124584207","https://openalex.org/W2130032508","https://openalex.org/W2132810856","https://openalex.org/W2133622627","https://openalex.org/W2143619251","https://openalex.org/W2167251216","https://openalex.org/W2169022474","https://openalex.org/W2319649222","https://openalex.org/W2323025989","https://openalex.org/W2402372859","https://openalex.org/W2621800855","https://openalex.org/W2884075124"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083385147","https://openalex.org/W7152022989","https://openalex.org/W1996076311","https://openalex.org/W2110917576","https://openalex.org/W1822067677","https://openalex.org/W2047919843","https://openalex.org/W1965776172","https://openalex.org/W1992222421","https://openalex.org/W2061044209","https://openalex.org/W1978374884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"study":[1],"sought":[2],"to":[3,67,104],"identify":[4],"the":[5,18,25,35,60,136,178],"influential":[6],"factors":[7],"of":[8,31,37,138,151],"stereotypes,":[9],"social":[10,80,94,142,156,175],"distance,":[11,143],"and":[12,33,47,79,85,93,109,113,141,161,180],"prejudice":[13,73,98,165],"toward":[14,99,120,166,169],"racial/ethnic":[15],"minorities":[16],"in":[17,71,144,177],"United":[19],"States.":[20],"We":[21],"used":[22],"data":[23,36],"from":[24,126,158],"American":[26],"General":[27],"Social":[28],"Survey":[29],"(GSS)":[30],"2012,":[32],"analysed":[34,58],"4":[38],"820":[39],"individuals":[40,125],"(3":[41],"700":[42],"Caucasians,":[43],"722":[44],"African":[45,100,121,159,170],"Americans,":[46],"398":[48],"others;":[49],"males":[50,116],"=":[51,54],"44.2%,":[52],"females":[53],"55.8%).":[55],"Data":[56],"were":[57,117,124],"using":[59],"SPSS":[61],"18.0":[62],"Statistics":[63],"Program.":[64],"In":[65],"order":[66],"test":[68],"for":[69],"differences":[70],"racial":[72],"by":[74,77,184],"demographic":[75],"characteristics":[76],"stereotyping":[78,152],"distancing,":[81],"we":[82],"utilised":[83],"variance":[84],"regression":[86],"analyses":[87],"procedures.":[88],"Results":[89],"suggest":[90],"that":[91,145],"stereotypes":[92],"distance":[95,157],"effects":[96],"on":[97],"Americans":[101,122,160,171],"vary":[102],"according":[103],"ethnicity,":[105],"gender,":[106],"age,":[107],"education,":[108],"income.":[110],"Specifically,":[111],"older":[112],"less-educated":[114],"white":[115],"more":[118],"prejudiced":[119],"than":[123],"other":[127],"sociodemographic":[128,185],"groupings.":[129],"There":[130],"was":[131],"a":[132,154,173],"direct":[133],"relationship":[134],"between":[135],"holding":[137],"stereotypical":[139],"views":[140],"those":[146],"who":[147],"showed":[148,162],"higher":[149],"levels":[150],"maintained":[153],"greater":[155,163],"implicit":[164],"them.":[167],"Racism":[168],"remains":[172],"major":[174],"concern":[176],"USA,":[179],"is":[181],"largely":[182],"influenced":[183],"factors.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-05-26T00:00:00"}
