{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2614701630","doi":null,"title":"Analyzing the environmental injustices of carbon offsetting : the limits of the California-REDD+ Linkage","display_name":"Analyzing the environmental injustices of carbon offsetting : the limits of the California-REDD+ Linkage","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2614701630","mag":"2614701630"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:library2.smu.ca:01/26934","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","pdf_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402189","display_name":"Saint Mary's University Institutional Repository (Saint Mary's University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66890659","host_organization_name":"Saint Mary's University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059222079","display_name":"Matthew Lithgow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Lithgow","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059222079"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4589,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73549023,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.7192000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.7192000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10319","display_name":"Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management","score":0.19300000369548798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13438","display_name":"Environmental Conservation and Management","score":0.032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-offsets","display_name":"carbon offsetting","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redd","display_name":"REDD+","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california-cap-and-trade","display_name":"California cap-and-trade","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-justice","display_name":"environmental justice","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-mitigation","display_name":"climate change mitigation","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissions-trading","display_name":"emissions trading","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-based-climate-policy","display_name":"market-based climate policy","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marxist-economics","display_name":"Marxian economics","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deforestation","display_name":"deforestation","score":0.722000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.5557630062103271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.43421995639801025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.4065759479999542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3792358338832855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3631579875946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23862937092781067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.14270144701004028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12999120354652405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:library2.smu.ca:01/26934","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","pdf_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402189","display_name":"Saint Mary's University Institutional Repository (Saint Mary's University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66890659","host_organization_name":"Saint Mary's University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:2614701630","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:library2.smu.ca:01/26934","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","pdf_url":"http://library2.smu.ca/handle/01/26934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402189","display_name":"Saint Mary's University Institutional Repository (Saint Mary's University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66890659","host_organization_name":"Saint Mary's University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66890659"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":1.0,"display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2614701630.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2614701630.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":105,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3649190","https://openalex.org/W142431411","https://openalex.org/W157680103","https://openalex.org/W160417714","https://openalex.org/W341559429","https://openalex.org/W594259532","https://openalex.org/W630537631","https://openalex.org/W1484580610","https://openalex.org/W1496771160","https://openalex.org/W1500660161","https://openalex.org/W1511186454","https://openalex.org/W1531764991","https://openalex.org/W1552327755","https://openalex.org/W1558168369","https://openalex.org/W1575643127","https://openalex.org/W1576660299","https://openalex.org/W1607201421","https://openalex.org/W1915524933","https://openalex.org/W1964721307","https://openalex.org/W1965824602","https://openalex.org/W1967828713","https://openalex.org/W1970951922","https://openalex.org/W1974577247","https://openalex.org/W1977744001","https://openalex.org/W1978727863","https://openalex.org/W1980263804","https://openalex.org/W1980528823","https://openalex.org/W1989546322","https://openalex.org/W1990725044","https://openalex.org/W1993258255","https://openalex.org/W1994467853","https://openalex.org/W1996916707","https://openalex.org/W2002763101","https://openalex.org/W2003130791","https://openalex.org/W2007676455","https://openalex.org/W2017101394","https://openalex.org/W2017245343","https://openalex.org/W2018158071","https://openalex.org/W2019995764","https://openalex.org/W2020744045","https://openalex.org/W2022551570","https://openalex.org/W2027270891","https://openalex.org/W2027774628","https://openalex.org/W2030027128","https://openalex.org/W2035128279","https://openalex.org/W2039002682","https://openalex.org/W2039191070","https://openalex.org/W2039294942","https://openalex.org/W2041474914","https://openalex.org/W2042529299","https://openalex.org/W2044216711","https://openalex.org/W2044767668","https://openalex.org/W2048605790","https://openalex.org/W2048897847","https://openalex.org/W2051634160","https://openalex.org/W2051926647","https://openalex.org/W2054811617","https://openalex.org/W2066935070","https://openalex.org/W2068927564","https://openalex.org/W2070678221","https://openalex.org/W2070916432","https://openalex.org/W2071488944","https://openalex.org/W2073737028","https://openalex.org/W2075062156","https://openalex.org/W2081641428","https://openalex.org/W2095021766","https://openalex.org/W2101025401","https://openalex.org/W2124914527","https://openalex.org/W2125058066","https://openalex.org/W2125225906","https://openalex.org/W2130341393","https://openalex.org/W2130464127","https://openalex.org/W2132041750","https://openalex.org/W2134718857","https://openalex.org/W2136981550","https://openalex.org/W2140913038","https://openalex.org/W2142168436","https://openalex.org/W2147610532","https://openalex.org/W2148318048","https://openalex.org/W2151612569","https://openalex.org/W2154995203","https://openalex.org/W2158337626","https://openalex.org/W2163792224","https://openalex.org/W2167549568","https://openalex.org/W2169401895","https://openalex.org/W2221481463","https://openalex.org/W2282198042","https://openalex.org/W2300242521","https://openalex.org/W2323125668","https://openalex.org/W2328573691","https://openalex.org/W2330296436","https://openalex.org/W2339244891","https://openalex.org/W2399028009","https://openalex.org/W2508124571","https://openalex.org/W2519647569","https://openalex.org/W2523769941","https://openalex.org/W2524297062","https://openalex.org/W2545569254","https://openalex.org/W2562487824","https://openalex.org/W2568104990","https://openalex.org/W2580541290","https://openalex.org/W2746485780","https://openalex.org/W2783933144","https://openalex.org/W2993577118","https://openalex.org/W3023905469"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2207783951","https://openalex.org/W2311412545","https://openalex.org/W1922691207","https://openalex.org/W4385835840","https://openalex.org/W2745860743","https://openalex.org/W7172299813","https://openalex.org/W391709989","https://openalex.org/W7100173232","https://openalex.org/W7155507494","https://openalex.org/W1606606097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emissions":[0,55],"from":[1,52,56,80],"greenhouses":[2],"gases":[3],"(GHGs),":[4],"especially":[5],"carbon":[6,20,25,50,72],"dioxide":[7],"(CO2),":[8],"have":[9,18],"driven":[10],"anthropogenic":[11],"climate":[12,97,132],"change.":[13],"In":[14],"response,":[15],"global":[16],"policymakers":[17],"promoted":[19],"trading":[21,73],"and":[22,58,93,107,115],"its":[23,70],"subset,":[24],"offsetting,":[26,120],"as":[27],"approaches":[28],"to":[29,48,130],"lower":[30],"these":[31],"emissions":[32,109],"by":[33],"commodifying":[34],"GHG":[35],"reductions":[36],"for":[37],"market":[38],"exchange.":[39],"Recently,":[40],"the":[41,64,87,113,124],"US":[42],"state":[43,65],"of":[44,66,96,118,126],"California":[45],"has":[46],"sought":[47],"incorporate":[49],"offsets":[51],"a":[53,76,135],"\u201cReducing":[54],"Deforestation":[57],"Forest":[59],"Degradation\u201d":[60],"(REDD+)":[61],"program":[62],"in":[63,134],"Acre,":[67],"Brazil,":[68],"into":[69],"own":[71],"scheme.":[74],"Using":[75],"theoretical":[77],"framework":[78],"drawn":[79],"Marxist":[81],"Political":[82],"Economy,":[83],"I":[84],"argue":[85],"that":[86],"\u201cCalifornia-REDD+":[88],"linkage\u201d":[89],"is":[90],"an":[91],"ineffective":[92],"unjust":[94],"method":[95],"change":[98,133],"mitigation,":[99],"because":[100],"it":[101],"prioritizes":[102],"economic":[103],"growth":[104],"over":[105],"substantial":[106],"equitable":[108],"reductions.":[110],"By":[111],"interrogating":[112],"environmental":[114,128],"social":[116],"credibility":[117],"REDD+":[119],"this":[121],"thesis":[122],"exposes":[123],"limits":[125],"market-based":[127],"strategies":[129],"mitigate":[131],"fossil":[136],"fuel-powered":[137],"capitalist":[138],"society.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2017-05-26T00:00:00"}