{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2610013775","doi":null,"title":"Teacher Working Conditions: Perceptions of Novice and Experienced K-12 Virtual School Teachers.","display_name":"Teacher Working Conditions: Perceptions of Novice and Experienced K-12 Virtual School Teachers.","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2610013775","mag":"2610013775"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2423","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1370","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2423&context=doctoral","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2423&context=doctoral","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111494811","display_name":"Tiffany Francis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tiffany Francis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111494811"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.7246000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.7246000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13305","display_name":"Teacher Professional Development and Motivation","score":0.11890000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.024299999698996544,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-working-conditions","display_name":"teacher working conditions","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novice-teachers","display_name":"novice teachers","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experienced-teachers","display_name":"experienced teachers","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-perceptions","display_name":"teacher perceptions","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-tenure","display_name":"job tenure","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herzberg-s-two-factor-theory","display_name":"Herzberg's two-factor theory","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-leadership","display_name":"school leadership","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogical-support","display_name":"pedagogical support","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-12-education","display_name":"K-12 education","score":0.7049999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5603682398796082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5167924165725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4931625723838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4350104033946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3959329128265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.19185101985931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2423","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1370","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2423&context=doctoral","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2610013775","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2423&context=doctoral","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306478302","display_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ProQuest LLC eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.liberty.edu:doctoral-2423","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/doctoral/1370","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2423&context=doctoral","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400581","display_name":"Digital Commons (Liberty University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67789559","host_organization_name":"Liberty University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67789559"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations and Projects","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"score":0.6452000141143799,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2610013775.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2610013775.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W964047","https://openalex.org/W3951449","https://openalex.org/W8581342","https://openalex.org/W10543619","https://openalex.org/W25386069","https://openalex.org/W27102710","https://openalex.org/W44190621","https://openalex.org/W45866982","https://openalex.org/W73393201","https://openalex.org/W118514427","https://openalex.org/W121749657","https://openalex.org/W139572079","https://openalex.org/W150699103","https://openalex.org/W195722180","https://openalex.org/W245552081","https://openalex.org/W254450634","https://openalex.org/W1489206424","https://openalex.org/W1489252320","https://openalex.org/W1506867055","https://openalex.org/W1522771014","https://openalex.org/W1526122607","https://openalex.org/W1528957690","https://openalex.org/W1531052187","https://openalex.org/W1536573182","https://openalex.org/W1537688714","https://openalex.org/W1543584131","https://openalex.org/W1543637126","https://openalex.org/W1551248253","https://openalex.org/W1553136848","https://openalex.org/W1556057683","https://openalex.org/W1582231135","https://openalex.org/W1594490194","https://openalex.org/W1601154995","https://openalex.org/W1604533598","https://openalex.org/W1680517545","https://openalex.org/W1684974894","https://openalex.org/W1719359252","https://openalex.org/W1742477204","https://openalex.org/W1900447290","https://openalex.org/W1938685151","https://openalex.org/W1956700811","https://openalex.org/W1964046333","https://openalex.org/W1973455455","https://openalex.org/W1979112784","https://openalex.org/W1990291840","https://openalex.org/W2009939160","https://openalex.org/W2014164031","https://openalex.org/W2015945465","https://openalex.org/W2018072475","https://openalex.org/W2031700060","https://openalex.org/W2037423551","https://openalex.org/W2038674454","https://openalex.org/W2040281378","https://openalex.org/W2044067409","https://openalex.org/W2044933847","https://openalex.org/W2046969483","https://openalex.org/W2055850375","https://openalex.org/W2059360795","https://openalex.org/W2060563195","https://openalex.org/W2061377712","https://openalex.org/W2061752571","https://openalex.org/W2064731679","https://openalex.org/W2081744238","https://openalex.org/W2088530967","https://openalex.org/W2094094216","https://openalex.org/W2094385193","https://openalex.org/W2096096945","https://openalex.org/W2096650967","https://openalex.org/W2096774283","https://openalex.org/W2097655244","https://openalex.org/W2098002045","https://openalex.org/W2099154992","https://openalex.org/W2111490417","https://openalex.org/W2112038240","https://openalex.org/W2116557186","https://openalex.org/W2123936795","https://openalex.org/W2126958827","https://openalex.org/W2132825098","https://openalex.org/W2138661579","https://openalex.org/W2145765572","https://openalex.org/W2154513321","https://openalex.org/W2155226819","https://openalex.org/W2155377858","https://openalex.org/W2160861367","https://openalex.org/W2161368893","https://openalex.org/W2162936028","https://openalex.org/W2163243716","https://openalex.org/W2163294697","https://openalex.org/W2164868862","https://openalex.org/W2167340201","https://openalex.org/W2167638118","https://openalex.org/W2190922981","https://openalex.org/W2267918462","https://openalex.org/W2311812483","https://openalex.org/W2337995189","https://openalex.org/W2499645877","https://openalex.org/W2520902848","https://openalex.org/W2604417777","https://openalex.org/W2614279147","https://openalex.org/W2898099521","https://openalex.org/W2900026361","https://openalex.org/W2930712787","https://openalex.org/W2986129548"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6999125458","https://openalex.org/W3139392403","https://openalex.org/W2338034006","https://openalex.org/W1038119453","https://openalex.org/W12646873","https://openalex.org/W6980438652","https://openalex.org/W2185818978","https://openalex.org/W2916871760","https://openalex.org/W7165168030","https://openalex.org/W2551030836"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,157,218],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,19,49,89,125,129,132,146,167,188,196,209,220,235,246],"this":[3,162,198,221],"study":[4,29,105,163,200,222],"was":[5,70,80,116,164,182,201],"to":[6,39,72,82,118,170,175],"examine":[7],"if":[8,41],"there":[9,225],"is":[10,226],"a":[11,42,204,227,254],"difference":[12,43,121,230],"between":[13,122],"novice":[14,258],"and":[15,142,173,178,211,248,251],"experienced":[16],"teachers\u2019":[17,32,127,184,233],"perceptions":[18,48,128,234],"the":[20,24,31,37,46,50,60,84,100,120,123,126,138,143,148,154,165,179,183,189,232,236],"working":[21,52,55,130,186,237],"conditions":[22,56,131,187],"at":[23,36,153,253],"K-12":[25,94],"virtual":[26,95,110,155,190,206],"school.":[27,156,191],"This":[28,104],"examined":[30,160],"total":[33,144],"years":[34,147,166,172],"employed":[35,152],"school":[38,96,111,134,207,213,242],"determine":[40],"exists":[44],"in":[45,99,161,203,215,231],"groups\u2019":[47],"teacher":[51,149],"conditions.":[53,238],"Teacher":[54,63],"were":[57],"measured":[58,136],"by":[59,137],"North":[61,73,216],"Carolina":[62,74],"Working":[64],"Conditions":[65],"(NC":[66],"TWC)":[67],"survey":[68,141],"that":[69,224],"administered":[71],"teachers.":[75,112,259],"A":[76,86],"causal-comparative":[77],"research":[78],"design":[79],"used":[81],"conduct":[83],"study.":[85],"convenience":[87],"sample":[88],"(N":[90],"=":[91],"318)":[92],"licensed":[93],"instructors":[97],"participated":[98],"anonymous":[101],"statewide":[102],"survey.":[103],"focused":[106],"on":[107],"6-12":[108],"grade":[109],"An":[113],"independent-sample":[114],"t-test":[115],"conducted":[117,202],"evaluate":[119],"means":[124],"their":[133,244],"as":[135],"NC":[139],"TWC":[140],"number":[145],"has":[150],"been":[151],"independent":[158],"variable":[159,181],"employment":[168],"(1":[169],"3":[171],"4":[174],"10":[176],"years)":[177],"dependent":[180],"perceived":[185,241],"Applying":[192],"Herzberg\u2019s":[193],"Two-Factory":[194],"Theory":[195],"Satisfaction,":[197],"quantitative":[199],"public":[205],"consisting":[208],"middle":[210],"high":[212],"students":[214],"Carolina.":[217],"findings":[219],"indicated":[223],"statistically":[228],"significant":[229],"Experienced":[239],"teachers":[240],"leadership,":[243],"use":[245],"time,":[247],"instructional":[249],"practices":[250],"support":[252],"higher":[255],"level":[256],"than":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-05-05T00:00:00"}
