{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2608307501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","title":"Financial Variables and Systematic Risk","display_name":"Financial Variables and Systematic Risk","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2608307501","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","mag":"2608307501"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","pdf_url":"http://www.davidpublisher.org/Public/uploads/Contribute/58f46075b32b3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765067391","display_name":"Chinese Business Review","issn_l":"1537-1506","issn":["1537-1506","1935-9624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4383694735","host_organization_name":"David Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4383694735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["David Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chinese Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"http://www.davidpublisher.org/Public/uploads/Contribute/58f46075b32b3.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052373251","display_name":"Rashed Nawaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1818-1749","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1818-1749"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashed Nawaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","Management Sciences/MS , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management Sciences/MS , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Waqar Ahmed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waqar Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074137781","display_name":"Imran Imran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-1025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-1025","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6670-4161"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097517534","display_name":"Sabeela Sabir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabeela Sabir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100747840","display_name":"Muhammad Arshad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-7505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5561-7505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Arshad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","Management Sciences/MS , Department of Management Sciences , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management Sciences/MS , Department of Management Sciences , Hazara University , Mansehra , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060681846","display_name":"Tayyaba Rani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4094-6808","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4094-6808"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194348271","display_name":"Government College University, Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/051zgra59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tayyaba Rani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Government College University , Faisalabad , Pakistan","Management Sciences/MS , lecturer in Commerce , Government College University , Faisalabad , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Government College University , Faisalabad , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Management Sciences/MS , lecturer in Commerce , Government College University , Faisalabad , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101524497","display_name":"Adnan Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-1062","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1539-1062"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97429440","display_name":"University of Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/01se4f844","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97429440"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adnan Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Business Education/MBA , University of Wales , Wales , UK","University of Wales , Wales , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Business Education/MBA , University of Wales , Wales , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97429440"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wales , Wales , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97429440"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5404,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85931417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.8788999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.06610000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.03099999949336052,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-risk","display_name":"systematic risk","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta","display_name":"beta","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-determinants","display_name":"financial determinants","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement-industry","display_name":"cement industry","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-size","display_name":"industry size","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-efficiency","display_name":"operational efficiency","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquidity","display_name":"liquidity","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profitability","display_name":"profitability","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-leverage","display_name":"leverage","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karachi-stock-exchange","display_name":"Karachi Stock Exchange","score":0.9890000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.5084323287010193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.486901193857193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4283261299133301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.38637763261795044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","pdf_url":"http://www.davidpublisher.org/Public/uploads/Contribute/58f46075b32b3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765067391","display_name":"Chinese Business Review","issn_l":"1537-1506","issn":["1537-1506","1935-9624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4383694735","host_organization_name":"David Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4383694735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["David Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chinese Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17265/1537-1506/2017.01.004","pdf_url":"http://www.davidpublisher.org/Public/uploads/Contribute/58f46075b32b3.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765067391","display_name":"Chinese Business Review","issn_l":"1537-1506","issn":["1537-1506","1935-9624"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4383694735","host_organization_name":"David Publishing Company","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4383694735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["David Publishing Company"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chinese Business Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2608307501.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2608307501.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105400191","https://openalex.org/W173480098","https://openalex.org/W991629741","https://openalex.org/W1970594241","https://openalex.org/W1972729826","https://openalex.org/W1974587544","https://openalex.org/W1975140694","https://openalex.org/W1981252596","https://openalex.org/W1990269760","https://openalex.org/W1997506932","https://openalex.org/W2001931840","https://openalex.org/W2005118298","https://openalex.org/W2017797264","https://openalex.org/W2066850485","https://openalex.org/W2069093060","https://openalex.org/W2083953929","https://openalex.org/W2088903635","https://openalex.org/W2098612888","https://openalex.org/W2100450585","https://openalex.org/W2117887892","https://openalex.org/W2137807883","https://openalex.org/W2157005718","https://openalex.org/W2254355459","https://openalex.org/W2289712178","https://openalex.org/W2400718944","https://openalex.org/W2913176786","https://openalex.org/W3121401171","https://openalex.org/W3148601146","https://openalex.org/W4238550654","https://openalex.org/W7027865694"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293443560","https://openalex.org/W6968691573","https://openalex.org/W2944354699","https://openalex.org/W1651555359","https://openalex.org/W3211058182","https://openalex.org/W4406067684","https://openalex.org/W2901070005","https://openalex.org/W2616373959","https://openalex.org/W2606479156","https://openalex.org/W268244976"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"objective":[1],"of":[2,16,52],"this":[3,36],"study":[4],"is":[5,59],"to":[6,42,77,102],"examine":[7],"the":[8,104],"relationship":[9,62,89],"among":[10],"financial":[11,19,33,83],"determinants":[12],"and":[13,32,68,74,82,100],"systematic":[14,72],"risk":[15,73],"cement":[17,54],"industry.Five":[18],"variables":[20],"are":[21,94],"utilized":[22],"as":[23],"components,":[24],"i.e.":[25],"industry":[26,64],"size,":[27,65],"operating":[28,66],"efficiency,":[29,67],"liquidity,":[30],"profitability,":[31],"leverage":[34,84],"in":[35],"study.Six":[37],"years":[38],"data":[39],"from":[40,47],"2008":[41],"2013":[43],"have":[44,85],"been":[45],"collected":[46],"Karachi":[48],"Stock":[49],"Exchange.The":[50],"consequences":[51],"29":[53],"industries":[55],"showed":[56],"that":[57],"there":[58],"a":[60,87],"huge":[61],"between":[63],"profitability":[69],"with":[70,90],"181":[71],"results":[75],"similar":[76],"past":[78],"studies":[79],"while":[80],"liquidity":[81],"not":[86],"significant":[88],"beta":[91],"(systematic":[92],"risk).Results":[93],"profitable":[95],"for":[96],"budgetary":[97],"approach":[98],"creators":[99],"investors":[101],"expand":[103],"profits.":[105]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2017-05-05T00:00:00"}