{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2608072003","doi":null,"title":"Contested concepts and practices in security governance: evolving security approaches in El Salvador","display_name":"Contested concepts and practices in security governance: evolving security approaches in El Salvador","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2608072003","mag":"2608072003"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:theses.gla.ac.uk:8070","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","pdf_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401724","display_name":"Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","host_organization_name":"University of Glasgow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015102938","display_name":"Kari Mariska Pries","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kari Mariska Pries","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015102938"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":0.7207000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":0.7207000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.15559999644756317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.039799999445676804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-security","display_name":"citizen security","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-conflict-violence","display_name":"post-conflict violence","score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/el-salvador","display_name":"El Salvador","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybridity","display_name":"hybridity","score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-transformation","display_name":"state transformation","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-level-governance","display_name":"multi-level governance","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regional-security","display_name":"regional security","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/municipal-security","display_name":"municipal security","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transnational-threats","display_name":"transnational threats","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peace-agreements","display_name":"peace agreements","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-violence","display_name":"political violence","score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-policy","display_name":"security policy","score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-america","display_name":"Central America","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-actor-governance","display_name":"multi-actor governance","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-society-relations","display_name":"state-society relations","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-conflict","display_name":"post-conflict","score":0.35100001096725464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.6062594652175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6015718579292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5764541625976562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5631600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4696715772151947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528167355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258307","display_name":"National security","level":2,"score":0.469495564699173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46340203285217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.438904732465744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779948991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6047930","display_name":"Internal security","level":3,"score":0.431861937046051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79165680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1280151","display_name":"Security studies","level":2,"score":0.41950559616088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.33980023860931396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.30245205760002136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.2620425224304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.25598812103271484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10148787498474121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.10059162974357605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0996587872505188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:theses.gla.ac.uk:8070","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","pdf_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401724","display_name":"Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","host_organization_name":"University of Glasgow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2608072003","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.712651","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:theses.gla.ac.uk:8070","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","pdf_url":"https://theses.gla.ac.uk/8070/1/2017PriesPhD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401724","display_name":"Enlighten: Theses (The University of Glasgow)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","host_organization_name":"University of Glasgow","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":1.0,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320337","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2608072003.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2608072003.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":281,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W27386865","https://openalex.org/W65769796","https://openalex.org/W69493058","https://openalex.org/W91134352","https://openalex.org/W106988780","https://openalex.org/W167796896","https://openalex.org/W170972973","https://openalex.org/W173550671","https://openalex.org/W185500018","https://openalex.org/W199971496","https://openalex.org/W200148471","https://openalex.org/W221837080","https://openalex.org/W234856109","https://openalex.org/W259540212","https://openalex.org/W261970286","https://openalex.org/W264829377","https://openalex.org/W383550257","https://openalex.org/W576126423","https://openalex.org/W580246440","https://openalex.org/W591419312","https://openalex.org/W596193409","https://openalex.org/W596579313","https://openalex.org/W597449628","https://openalex.org/W597954038","https://openalex.org/W598010619","https://openalex.org/W599305832","https://openalex.org/W605095924","https://openalex.org/W605594019","https://openalex.org/W610233866","https://openalex.org/W630679611","https://openalex.org/W631866667","https://openalex.org/W634142254","https://openalex.org/W634191357","https://openalex.org/W640035020","https://openalex.org/W642738004","https://openalex.org/W651473079","https://openalex.org/W761267035","https://openalex.org/W965833951","https://openalex.org/W1154465783","https://openalex.org/W1480392341","https://openalex.org/W1483737967","https://openalex.org/W1485250563","https://openalex.org/W1490954965","https://openalex.org/W1492893322","https://openalex.org/W1498392482","https://openalex.org/W1499158718","https://openalex.org/W1506950254","https://openalex.org/W1508518631","https://openalex.org/W1508572766","https://openalex.org/W1516569012","https://openalex.org/W1521674589","https://openalex.org/W1524811313","https://openalex.org/W1533207579","https://openalex.org/W1534427204","https://openalex.org/W1538620045","https://openalex.org/W1539443458","https://openalex.org/W1539913448","https://openalex.org/W1543310250","https://openalex.org/W1544884980","https://openalex.org/W1551983277","https://openalex.org/W1556808170","https://openalex.org/W1562431971","https://openalex.org/W1565072287","https://openalex.org/W1566447476","https://openalex.org/W1566600726","https://openalex.org/W1566921018","https://openalex.org/W1570047500","https://openalex.org/W1580638284","https://openalex.org/W1581620628","https://openalex.org/W1581889095","https://openalex.org/W1584964690","https://openalex.org/W1587500317","https://openalex.org/W1587536765","https://openalex.org/W1598507820","https://openalex.org/W1605824561","https://openalex.org/W1606659400","https://openalex.org/W1608916842","https://openalex.org/W1623806463","https://openalex.org/W1640781084","https://openalex.org/W1738564968","https://openalex.org/W1764860671","https://openalex.org/W1771571179","https://openalex.org/W1775320173","https://openalex.org/W1809105409","https://openalex.org/W1830941417","https://openalex.org/W1838679918","https://openalex.org/W1860731999","https://openalex.org/W1873367212","https://openalex.org/W1877282279","https://openalex.org/W1965130818","https://openalex.org/W1966183821","https://openalex.org/W1966944008","https://openalex.org/W1967877710","https://openalex.org/W1968020664","https://openalex.org/W1969340837","https://openalex.org/W1970981148","https://openalex.org/W1972280344","https://openalex.org/W1973781625","https://openalex.org/W1974855686","https://openalex.org/W1977131006","https://openalex.org/W1977296959","https://openalex.org/W1979059317","https://openalex.org/W1980406593","https://openalex.org/W1980724961","https://openalex.org/W1983088309","https://openalex.org/W1983907424","https://openalex.org/W1983966434","https://openalex.org/W1987293228","https://openalex.org/W1989828335","https://openalex.org/W1990311262","https://openalex.org/W1991221906","https://openalex.org/W1991399959","https://openalex.org/W1991632589","https://openalex.org/W1993040486","https://openalex.org/W1995168162","https://openalex.org/W1996739453","https://openalex.org/W1998406205","https://openalex.org/W1998615933","https://openalex.org/W1999641064","https://openalex.org/W2000270936","https://openalex.org/W2000306345","https://openalex.org/W2001029568","https://openalex.org/W2003879332","https://openalex.org/W2006337450","https://openalex.org/W2013136813","https://openalex.org/W2016772475","https://openalex.org/W2016814972","https://openalex.org/W2017275753","https://openalex.org/W2017725574","https://openalex.org/W2019562733","https://openalex.org/W2023070763","https://openalex.org/W2023180060","https://openalex.org/W2023458629","https://openalex.org/W2024496232","https://openalex.org/W2028749071","https://openalex.org/W2030356827","https://openalex.org/W2031917027","https://openalex.org/W2034195229","https://openalex.org/W2039069232","https://openalex.org/W2040184346","https://openalex.org/W2041404176","https://openalex.org/W2041417498","https://openalex.org/W2041504781","https://openalex.org/W2044178939","https://openalex.org/W2048176798","https://openalex.org/W2048917640","https://openalex.org/W2049830127","https://openalex.org/W2051668661","https://openalex.org/W2052721555","https://openalex.org/W2054887235","https://openalex.org/W2055054289","https://openalex.org/W2058593638","https://openalex.org/W2059981641","https://openalex.org/W2060435368","https://openalex.org/W2061500475","https://openalex.org/W2062321291","https://openalex.org/W2063312761","https://openalex.org/W2064380617","https://openalex.org/W2065535826","https://openalex.org/W2068367028","https://openalex.org/W2071638448","https://openalex.org/W2071658862","https://openalex.org/W2071775357","https://openalex.org/W2073139884","https://openalex.org/W2075981108","https://openalex.org/W2076146491","https://openalex.org/W2076202601","https://openalex.org/W2077963536","https://openalex.org/W2079551860","https://openalex.org/W2080794625","https://openalex.org/W2081578245","https://openalex.org/W2083439379","https://openalex.org/W2084331692","https://openalex.org/W2087554119","https://openalex.org/W2091759618","https://openalex.org/W2097557219","https://openalex.org/W2098107826","https://openalex.org/W2098299515","https://openalex.org/W2102372299","https://openalex.org/W2108527263","https://openalex.org/W2112289938","https://openalex.org/W2114587797","https://openalex.org/W2114630922","https://openalex.org/W2116242755","https://openalex.org/W2118920649","https://openalex.org/W2119131909","https://openalex.org/W2119228872","https://openalex.org/W2120088672","https://openalex.org/W2120767947","https://openalex.org/W2121720385","https://openalex.org/W2122655658","https://openalex.org/W2123387744","https://openalex.org/W2124092309","https://openalex.org/W2125392631","https://openalex.org/W2127868403","https://openalex.org/W2128373942","https://openalex.org/W2129375488","https://openalex.org/W2129484088","https://openalex.org/W2129485060","https://openalex.org/W2131213453","https://openalex.org/W2132041896","https://openalex.org/W2132571705","https://openalex.org/W2134336325","https://openalex.org/W2138469073","https://openalex.org/W2141992735","https://openalex.org/W2143129316","https://openalex.org/W2144042498","https://openalex.org/W2144259334","https://openalex.org/W2144641887","https://openalex.org/W2145717487","https://openalex.org/W2149025373","https://openalex.org/W2150563088","https://openalex.org/W2153563872","https://openalex.org/W2157979842","https://openalex.org/W2158828664","https://openalex.org/W2158878039","https://openalex.org/W2159205749","https://openalex.org/W2160160315","https://openalex.org/W2162355365","https://openalex.org/W2164079995","https://openalex.org/W2164486304","https://openalex.org/W2165252327","https://openalex.org/W2167201908","https://openalex.org/W2167603346","https://openalex.org/W2171205705","https://openalex.org/W2185633800","https://openalex.org/W2211631239","https://openalex.org/W2241400013","https://openalex.org/W2269968409","https://openalex.org/W2270561980","https://openalex.org/W2275362156","https://openalex.org/W2312357692","https://openalex.org/W2315424657","https://openalex.org/W2328122927","https://openalex.org/W2328607186","https://openalex.org/W2335785773","https://openalex.org/W2400725574","https://openalex.org/W2478049345","https://openalex.org/W2485150595","https://openalex.org/W2485156486","https://openalex.org/W2488985565","https://openalex.org/W2490504007","https://openalex.org/W2494156730","https://openalex.org/W2497744048","https://openalex.org/W2497981060","https://openalex.org/W2549437004","https://openalex.org/W2564369322","https://openalex.org/W2566060439","https://openalex.org/W2566459174","https://openalex.org/W2595798979","https://openalex.org/W2597752680","https://openalex.org/W2675878923","https://openalex.org/W2709946487","https://openalex.org/W2732041375","https://openalex.org/W2783535862","https://openalex.org/W2784009840","https://openalex.org/W2793036083","https://openalex.org/W2797235249","https://openalex.org/W2798696668","https://openalex.org/W2891565376","https://openalex.org/W2902786046","https://openalex.org/W2903243238","https://openalex.org/W2904298249","https://openalex.org/W2905130684","https://openalex.org/W2907750265","https://openalex.org/W2949461030","https://openalex.org/W2953808872","https://openalex.org/W2954758127","https://openalex.org/W2970055099","https://openalex.org/W2976889294","https://openalex.org/W3005521945","https://openalex.org/W3089180086","https://openalex.org/W3123599758","https://openalex.org/W3123955652","https://openalex.org/W3125406161","https://openalex.org/W3162746694","https://openalex.org/W3216315390","https://openalex.org/W4206548961","https://openalex.org/W4254770141","https://openalex.org/W4300197061","https://openalex.org/W4302797053"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808695099","https://openalex.org/W4251288287","https://openalex.org/W4321607194","https://openalex.org/W7070974705","https://openalex.org/W2989767354","https://openalex.org/W2900119224","https://openalex.org/W4246400966","https://openalex.org/W75726751","https://openalex.org/W7084260557","https://openalex.org/W2988267895"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hope":[0],"accompanied":[1],"El":[2,342],"Salvador\u2019s":[3],"peace":[4,13],"agreements,":[5],"ending":[6],"12":[7],"years":[8],"of":[9,39,112,120,149,156,201,241,244,249,283,329,348,359,429],"civil":[10],"war.":[11],"New":[12],"and":[14,36,90,153,211,297,332,337,386,391],"democratic":[15],"renewal":[16],"were":[17],"expected":[18],"in":[19,69,101,272,317,344,370,410],"the":[20,51,78,110,118,124,134,157,165,180,186,189,199,214,217,239,257,288,291,307,310,330,355,371,424],"tiny":[21],"Central":[22,292,319],"American":[23,191,293,320],"state.":[24,215],"Instead,":[25],"extreme":[26],"violence":[27,235],"has":[28,219],"persisted":[29],"as":[30,115,367],"a":[31,37,74,88,98,177,205,242,345],"lived":[32],"experience":[33],"for":[34,160,223,426],"individuals":[35],"part":[38],"its":[40],"state":[41,252],"operations.":[42],"Successive":[43],"governments":[44],"proved":[45],"unable":[46],"to":[47,97,108,163,175,179,233,326,380,389,416],"consolidate":[48],"control":[49,234],"over":[50],"post-war":[52],"crime":[53],"wave.":[54],"\u2018Tough":[55],"on":[56,87,262],"crime\u2019":[57],"public":[58],"policy":[59,166,431],"agendas,":[60],"which":[61,207,313],"included":[62],"hard-handed":[63],"violence-repression":[64],"tactics,":[65],"had":[66],"little":[67],"success":[68],"mitigating":[70],"insecurity.":[71],"In":[72,188],"2009,":[73],"new":[75,99,382],"ex-guerrilla":[76],"party,":[77],"National":[79],"Liberation":[80],"Front":[81],"\u2018Farabundo":[82],"Marti\u2019":[83],"(FMLN),":[84],"was":[85,95],"elected":[86],"hope":[89],"change":[91,132],"platform.":[92],"The":[93],"party":[94],"committed":[96],"approach":[100],"security":[102,130,151,168,171,203,246,266,284,321,339,376,384,393,411,430],"governance.":[103,169],"This":[104,323,404],"presented":[105],"an":[106,147,154,230,327],"opportunity":[107],"study":[109,308],"interactions":[111,162],"implicated":[113],"actors":[114,364],"they":[116],"negotiated":[117],"governance":[119,131,285,377,397,412],"security.":[121],"It":[122],"raises":[123],"question:":[125],"To":[126,142],"what":[127],"extent":[128],"did":[129],"under":[133],"FMLN":[135],"government":[136,360],"during":[137],"their":[138],"first":[139],"administration":[140],"(2009-2014)?":[141],"address":[143],"this":[144,193,279,304,352],"question":[145],"requires":[146],"understanding":[148,328],"situated":[150],"concepts":[152],"examination":[155],"spaces":[158,264],"created":[159],"actor":[161],"formulate":[164],"guiding":[167],"Broadly,":[170],"is":[172,236,314,324],"often":[173,315,333],"considered":[174],"be":[176,260,417],"response":[178],"issues":[181],"threatening":[182],"state,":[183],"society,":[184],"or":[185,227,251],"individual.":[187],"Latin":[190],"context,":[192],"expansion":[194],"largely":[195],"took":[196],"place":[197],"within":[198,213,341],"concept":[200],"citizen":[202],"\u2013":[204],"term":[206,218,402],"recognised":[208],"both":[209],"rights":[210],"responsibilities":[212],"However,":[216],"also":[220],"been":[221],"responsible":[222],"problematising":[224],"institutional":[225],"weaknesses":[226],"failure":[228],"where":[229,265],"apparent":[231],"inability":[232],"observed,":[237],"justifying":[238],"inclusion":[240],"range":[243],"non-state":[245],"actors.":[247],"Theories":[248],"hybridity":[250],"transformation":[253,428],"instead":[254],"posit":[255],"that":[256,407],"gaze":[258],"should":[259],"directed":[261],"those":[263],"problems,":[267],"once":[268],"identified,":[269],"are":[270,286,365,414],"managed":[271],"practice":[273],"(Hameiri":[274],"&":[275],"Jones,":[276],"2015).":[277],"For":[278],"study,":[280],"three":[281],"\u2018levels\u2019":[282],"addressed:":[287],"national":[289],"government,":[290],"regional":[294,311,346],"diplomatic":[295],"structure,":[296],"strategic":[298],"municipal":[299],"jurisdictions.":[300],"Second,":[301],"by":[302,420],"providing":[303],"multi-levelled":[305],"analysis,":[306],"includes":[309],"level,":[312],"ignored":[316],"existing":[318],"studies.":[322],"crucial":[325],"multiple":[331],"competing":[334],"agendas":[335],"organising":[336],"supporting":[338],"interventions":[340],"Salvador":[343],"context":[347],"transnational":[349],"threats.":[350],"Third,":[351],"investigation":[353],"shows":[354],"operational":[356,387],"changes":[357,409],"required":[358],"institutions":[361],"when":[362],"other":[363],"introduced":[366],"authoritative":[368],"participants":[369],"process.":[372],"Despite":[373],"multi-actor,":[374],"multi-level":[375],"strategies":[378],"working":[379],"mobilise":[381],"actors,":[383],"concepts,":[385],"frameworks":[388],"reduce":[390],"manage":[392],"issues,":[394],"many":[395],"practical":[396],"efforts":[398],"enjoy":[399],"only":[400],"limited":[401],"results.":[403],"thesis":[405],"concludes":[406],"broad":[408],"structures":[413],"likely":[415],"continually":[418],"mitigated":[419],"traditional":[421],"forces,":[422],"limiting":[423],"potential":[425],"true":[427],"approaches.":[432]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-05-05T00:00:00"}