{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2605117891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","title":"Is DNA methylation the new guardian of the genome?","display_name":"Is DNA methylation the new guardian of the genome?","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2605117891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","mag":"2605117891","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28396696","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","pdf_url":"https://molecularcytogenetics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144751283","display_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","issn_l":"1755-8166","issn":["1755-8166"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://molecularcytogenetics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040819666","display_name":"Robert M. Hoffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-0041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0049-0041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121314","display_name":"AntiCancer (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02pp1v282","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121314"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert M. Hoffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Anti Cancer Inc, 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, 92111, CA, USA","Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Anti Cancer Inc, 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, 92111, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121314"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040819666"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210121314"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"fwci":0.6985,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58136095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"11","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13157","display_name":"Cancer-related gene regulation","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10583","display_name":"Cancer-related Molecular Pathways","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-methylation","display_name":"DNA methylation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aneuploidy","display_name":"aneuploidy","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-dna-hypomethylation","display_name":"global DNA hypomethylation","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p53","display_name":"p53","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genomic-stability","display_name":"genome stability","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methionine-dependence","display_name":"methionine dependence","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-reprogramming","display_name":"metabolic reprogramming","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmethylation","display_name":"transmethylation","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/helicobacter-pylori","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carcinogens","display_name":"carcinogens","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"cancer","score":0.6430000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.6566561460494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.651546061038971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779672484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529622","display_name":"Aneuploidy","level":4,"score":0.649429202079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.6146267056465149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.574627161026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.45451661944389343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4537295997142792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121912465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3589153","display_name":"Epigenomics","level":5,"score":0.447104275226593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.4149162173271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.28907644748687744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30481170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748","display_name":"Chromosome","level":3,"score":0.22080561518669128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","pdf_url":"https://molecularcytogenetics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144751283","display_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","issn_l":"1755-8166","issn":["1755-8166"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4236292","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5381125","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5381125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mol Cytogenet","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:28396696","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28396696","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular cytogenetics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c0488901c4d846d8bddf03f1b96d5845","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c0488901c4d846d8bddf03f1b96d5845","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","pdf_url":"https://molecularcytogenetics.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13039-017-0314-8","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144751283","display_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","issn_l":"1755-8166","issn":["1755-8166"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecular Cytogenetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2605117891.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2605117891.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W53643753","https://openalex.org/W1483473129","https://openalex.org/W1530556189","https://openalex.org/W1544424898","https://openalex.org/W1606880169","https://openalex.org/W1650797637","https://openalex.org/W1886104412","https://openalex.org/W1910957402","https://openalex.org/W1940550010","https://openalex.org/W1965110439","https://openalex.org/W1968282348","https://openalex.org/W1978391889","https://openalex.org/W1978419388","https://openalex.org/W1989920315","https://openalex.org/W1990381590","https://openalex.org/W1991494214","https://openalex.org/W1999839653","https://openalex.org/W2000710160","https://openalex.org/W2012053348","https://openalex.org/W2012110463","https://openalex.org/W2014023229","https://openalex.org/W2014252256","https://openalex.org/W2014541791","https://openalex.org/W2015556936","https://openalex.org/W2021109810","https://openalex.org/W2026863696","https://openalex.org/W2033026103","https://openalex.org/W2038751110","https://openalex.org/W2043678927","https://openalex.org/W2047265377","https://openalex.org/W2064228418","https://openalex.org/W2068723074","https://openalex.org/W2072451938","https://openalex.org/W2072823493","https://openalex.org/W2080800643","https://openalex.org/W2081193330","https://openalex.org/W2082031276","https://openalex.org/W2089552551","https://openalex.org/W2090379876","https://openalex.org/W2096044152","https://openalex.org/W2098417097","https://openalex.org/W2115802074","https://openalex.org/W2117480204","https://openalex.org/W2121392455","https://openalex.org/W2132970134","https://openalex.org/W2136507498","https://openalex.org/W2139283055","https://openalex.org/W2140401771","https://openalex.org/W2143498507","https://openalex.org/W2146784968","https://openalex.org/W2150097377","https://openalex.org/W2158630016","https://openalex.org/W2159118239","https://openalex.org/W2159164336","https://openalex.org/W2162051894","https://openalex.org/W2172255822","https://openalex.org/W2303479602","https://openalex.org/W2326169261","https://openalex.org/W2338199987","https://openalex.org/W2342714720","https://openalex.org/W2347178913","https://openalex.org/W2406721180","https://openalex.org/W2467195988","https://openalex.org/W2593558254","https://openalex.org/W4299397353"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2602989667","https://openalex.org/W1608060604","https://openalex.org/W4367186904","https://openalex.org/W2912436624","https://openalex.org/W3026871875","https://openalex.org/W4241923365","https://openalex.org/W2079705969","https://openalex.org/W2083860773","https://openalex.org/W2103392107","https://openalex.org/W970262884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"It":[1],"has":[2,34,47],"been":[3,35,48],"known":[4],"for":[5],"more":[6],"than":[7],"100":[8],"years":[9],"that":[10,37,50,110,155],"aneuploidy":[11,142],"is":[12,19,39,62,80,91,158],"an":[13],"essence":[14,59,77],"of":[15,42,52,60,69,78,83,161],"cancer.":[16],"The":[17],"question":[18],"what":[20],"keeps":[21],"the":[22,29,40,43,70,138,153,159,162],"genome":[23,71],"stable,":[24],"thereby":[25],"preventing":[26],"aneuploidy.":[27,57],"For":[28],"past":[30],"25":[31],"years,":[32],"it":[33,46],"proposed":[36],"p53":[38,53],"\"guardian":[41,160],"genome.\"":[44,163],"However,":[45],"shown":[49],"inactivation":[51],"does":[54],"not":[55],"cause":[56],"Another":[58],"cancer":[61,79,118],"global":[63],"DNA":[64,135,156],"hypomethylation,":[65],"which":[66],"causes":[67],"destabilization":[68],"and":[72,103,114,143,146],"subsequent":[73,144],"aneupoloidy.":[74],"Yet,":[75],"another":[76],"excessive":[81,115],"use":[82],"methionine,":[84],"resulting":[85],"in":[86,112,117],"methionine":[87],"dependence.":[88],"Methionine":[89],"dependence":[90],"due":[92,97],"to":[93,98,123,141,152],"possible":[94],"\"metabolic":[95],"reprogramming\"":[96],"carcinogens,":[99],"including":[100],"chemical":[101],"agents":[102],"infectious":[104],"organisms,":[105],"such":[106],"as":[107],"Helicobacter":[108],"pylori,":[109],"result":[111],"altered":[113],"transmethylation":[116],"cells.":[119],"Cancer":[120],"cells":[121],"appear":[122],"have":[124],"a":[125],"\"methyl-sink\"":[126],"whereby":[127],"methyl":[128],"groups":[129],"are":[130],"diverted":[131],"from":[132],"DNA.":[133],"CONCLUSION:":[134],"hypomethylation":[136],"destabilizes":[137],"genome,":[139],"leading":[140,151],"selection":[145],"speciation":[147],"into":[148],"autonomous":[149],"cancers,":[150],"conclusion":[154],"methylation":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-04-14T00:00:00"}