{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604190686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457827","title":"Inception and Development of the Papanicolaou Stain Method","display_name":"Inception and Development of the Papanicolaou Stain Method","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604190686","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457827","mag":"2604190686","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28384641"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000457827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101987544","display_name":"Acta Cytologica","issn_l":"0001-5547","issn":["0001-5547","1938-2650"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Cytologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068392742","display_name":"Nikolaos Chantziantoniou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-0435","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-0435"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130525","display_name":"Sidra Medical and Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03acdk243","country_code":"QA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130525"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92528248","display_name":"Qatar Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01cawbq05","country_code":"QA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaos Chantziantoniou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130525","https://openalex.org/I92528248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026907901","display_name":"Amber D. Donnelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-5933","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-5933"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59130452","display_name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amber D. Donnelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091838161","display_name":"Maheswari S. Mukherjee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59130452","display_name":"University of Nebraska Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00thqtb16","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maheswari Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, and"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cytotechnology Education, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, and","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59130452"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109535887","display_name":"Mathilde E. Boon","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathilde E. Boon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boon Institute, Lieveren, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boon Institute, Lieveren, The Netherlands","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109318355","display_name":"R. Marshall Austin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106153","display_name":"Magee-Womens Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01fbdn283","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210106153","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Marshall Austin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology Department, Magee Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology Department, Magee Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106153","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068392742"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130525","https://openalex.org/I92528248"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.5221,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98369205,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"4-5","first_page":"266","last_page":"280"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.43160000443458557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.43160000443458557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10146","display_name":"Cervical Cancer and HPV Research","score":0.1996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.19030000269412994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/papanicolaou-stain","display_name":"Papanicolaou staining","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-cytology","display_name":"history of cytology","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orange-g","display_name":"Orange G","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphotungstic-acid","display_name":"phosphotungstic acid","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polychromasia","display_name":"polychromasia","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hematoxylin-and-eosin","display_name":"hematoxylin and eosin","score":0.7990000247955322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65051434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3123079","display_name":"Papanicolaou stain","level":4,"score":0.7078665494918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74864618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332446","display_name":"Staining","level":2,"score":0.6453925371170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6092742085456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125473707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9914","display_name":"H&E stain","level":3,"score":0.5553690791130066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781294515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733470","display_name":"Stain","level":3,"score":0.48752734065055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908603675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942976","display_name":"Papanicolaou Test","level":5,"score":0.44214293360710144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422637","display_name":"Eosin","level":3,"score":0.42192813754081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.36585044860839844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.36466312408447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16685009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057","display_name":"Andrology","level":1,"score":0.33537232875823975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778220009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160105","display_name":"Cervical cancer","level":3,"score":0.225139319896698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2078576683998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.197391539812088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.1668071448802948}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002583","descriptor_name":"Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002583","descriptor_name":"Uterine Cervical Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003593","descriptor_name":"Cytoplasm","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004396","descriptor_name":"Coloring Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014626","descriptor_name":"Vaginal Smears","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065006","descriptor_name":"Papanicolaou Test","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000457827","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101987544","display_name":"Acta Cytologica","issn_l":"0001-5547","issn":["0001-5547","1938-2650"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Cytologica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28384641","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28384641","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta cytologica","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310174","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332530","display_name":"Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97229516","https://openalex.org/W152450007","https://openalex.org/W1481110980","https://openalex.org/W1536926799","https://openalex.org/W1999673144","https://openalex.org/W1999723962","https://openalex.org/W2002697824","https://openalex.org/W2021195729","https://openalex.org/W2022542106","https://openalex.org/W2025242396","https://openalex.org/W2046669088","https://openalex.org/W2073441352","https://openalex.org/W2074529378","https://openalex.org/W2094851538","https://openalex.org/W2095127445","https://openalex.org/W2153214934","https://openalex.org/W2330652851","https://openalex.org/W2409867169","https://openalex.org/W2412943184","https://openalex.org/W2477669491","https://openalex.org/W2549656701","https://openalex.org/W2569692285","https://openalex.org/W4236017453"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4282826050","https://openalex.org/W2340805857","https://openalex.org/W2228145593","https://openalex.org/W2106726863","https://openalex.org/W2417364562","https://openalex.org/W2418123811","https://openalex.org/W4238001154","https://openalex.org/W2318977184","https://openalex.org/W2021195729","https://openalex.org/W2806347114"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Cytodiagnoses":[1],"of":[2,9,22,33,55,115,129,141,157,179,189,198],"specific":[3,204],"malignancies":[4],"are":[5],"enabled":[6],"through":[7,102,220],"analyses":[8],"abnormal":[10],"nuclear":[11],"chromatin":[12],"and":[13,31,62,73,82,94,110,118,138,150,155,166,173,181,192,206,224,230],"cytoplasmic":[14,160,225],"features":[15],"in":[16,39,70,75,216],"stained":[17],"cells.":[18],"AIM:":[19],"The":[20,96,106,145,209],"objective":[21],"this":[23],"work":[24],"was":[25],"to":[26,122],"explore":[27],"the":[28,34,56,89,113,127,153,187,199],"inception,":[29],"development,":[30],"chemistry":[32],"Pap":[35,98,200],"stain":[36,99,201],"method":[37,100,202,211],"introduced":[38],"1942":[40,149],"by":[41],"Dr.":[42],"G.N.":[43],"Papanicolaou.":[44],"STUDY":[45],"DESIGN:":[46],"To":[47],"achieve":[48],"this,":[49],"we":[50],"carried":[51],"out":[52],"a":[53],"review":[54],"English":[57],"literature.":[58],"RESULTS:":[59],"Between":[60],"1914":[61],"1933,":[63],"Papanicolaou":[64],"first":[65],"analyzed":[66],"vaginal":[67,77],"squamous":[68,142],"cells":[69,132],"guinea":[71],"pigs":[72],"later":[74],"human":[76],"fluid":[78],"samples":[79],"using":[80,227],"hematoxylin":[81],"eosin":[83],"with":[84,92,136,163],"limited":[85],"color":[86],"reactions,":[87],"correlating":[88],"cell-type":[90],"morphology":[91],"endocrinology":[93],"histology.":[95],"5-dye":[97],"evolved":[101,212],"2":[103],"salient":[104],"phases.":[105],"first,":[107],"between":[108,148],"1933":[109],"1942,":[111],"saw":[112,152],"introduction":[114,154],"alcohol-ether":[116],"fixation":[117,223],"aqueous":[119],"waterblue":[120],"staining":[121,210,226],"enhance":[123],"cellular":[124,184,217,222],"transparency,":[125],"aiding":[126],"distinction":[128,188],"cervical":[130],"cancer":[131],"from":[133],"benign":[134],"cells,":[135],"quantitative":[137],"qualitative":[139],"assessment":[140],"cell":[143,190],"maturity.":[144],"second":[146],"phase,":[147],"1960,":[151],"refinement":[156],"various":[158],"alcoholic":[159],"counterstaining":[161],"schemes":[162],"orange":[164],"G":[165],"EA":[167],"(light":[168],"green,":[169],"Bismarck":[170],"brown,":[171],"eosin)":[172],"phosphotungstic":[174],"acid,":[175],"allowing":[176],"wider":[177],"ranges":[178],"polychromasia":[180],"further":[182],"enhancing":[183],"visualization,":[185],"facilitating":[186],"types":[191],"improving":[193],"diagnostic":[194],"confidence.":[195],"CONCLUSIONS:":[196],"Development":[197],"followed":[203],"historical":[205],"scientific":[207],"events.":[208],"following":[213],"incremental":[214],"improvements":[215],"transparency":[218],"achieved":[219],"tailored":[221],"variable":[228],"dye":[229],"pH":[231],"combinations.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2017-04-14T00:00:00"}