{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604152640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12798","title":"Estimating the Probability of Human Error by Incorporating Component Failure Data from User\u2010Induced Defects in the Development of Complex Electrical Systems","display_name":"Estimating the Probability of Human Error by Incorporating Component Failure Data from User\u2010Induced Defects in the Development of Complex Electrical Systems","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-04-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604152640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12798","mag":"2604152640","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28380263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/risa.12798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161248890","display_name":"Risk Analysis","issn_l":"0272-4332","issn":["0272-4332","1539-6924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Risk Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058717659","display_name":"Peter J. Majewicz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Majewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054757685","display_name":"Paul Blessner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Blessner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112013469","display_name":"Bill A. Olson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bill Olson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020913037","display_name":"Timothy D. Blackburn","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Blackburn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058717659"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"],"apc_list":{"value":4880,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4880},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68839989,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":"200","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10780","display_name":"Reliability and Maintenance Optimization","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13295","display_name":"Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-error-probability","display_name":"human error probability","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-method","display_name":"HEART method","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-component-failure","display_name":"electronic component failure","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-overstress","display_name":"electrical overstress","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-cause-analysis","display_name":"root cause analysis","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-reduction","display_name":"risk mitigation","score":0.6819999814033508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.7367739677429199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.7341522574424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169806903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937752","display_name":"Human error","level":2,"score":0.6119822263717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4572541117668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4527093768119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.43575990200042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3204619288444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/risa.12798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12798","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12798","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161248890","display_name":"Risk Analysis","issn_l":"0272-4332","issn":["0272-4332","1539-6924"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Risk Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28380263","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28380263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75624295","https://openalex.org/W767991857","https://openalex.org/W1490801354","https://openalex.org/W1506162485","https://openalex.org/W1517881870","https://openalex.org/W1526917265","https://openalex.org/W1531192627","https://openalex.org/W1579344542","https://openalex.org/W1591624886","https://openalex.org/W1876811666","https://openalex.org/W1921489373","https://openalex.org/W1985118970","https://openalex.org/W1985839240","https://openalex.org/W1987451967","https://openalex.org/W2020793077","https://openalex.org/W2027400468","https://openalex.org/W2028958493","https://openalex.org/W2031116917","https://openalex.org/W2039093696","https://openalex.org/W2043958153","https://openalex.org/W2058939597","https://openalex.org/W2073605167","https://openalex.org/W2075969907","https://openalex.org/W2078763182","https://openalex.org/W2085178982","https://openalex.org/W2095583308","https://openalex.org/W2111914314","https://openalex.org/W2117414875","https://openalex.org/W2120202899","https://openalex.org/W2124337726","https://openalex.org/W2130486446","https://openalex.org/W2140007135","https://openalex.org/W2162891512","https://openalex.org/W2184024640","https://openalex.org/W2487937828","https://openalex.org/W2506617486","https://openalex.org/W2725210589","https://openalex.org/W2754860190","https://openalex.org/W4200020081","https://openalex.org/W4233995526","https://openalex.org/W4236686452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953292356","https://openalex.org/W1704807589","https://openalex.org/W4294618666","https://openalex.org/W1596442768","https://openalex.org/W2787137589","https://openalex.org/W2609786532","https://openalex.org/W2626462132","https://openalex.org/W3134981066","https://openalex.org/W2477784741","https://openalex.org/W4247033114"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,74,218],"article":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,39,43,106,130,146],"methodology":[4,220],"for":[5,20,141],"incorporating":[6],"electrical":[7,101,191,215],"component":[8,102,122],"failure":[9,133,175],"data":[10,139],"into":[11,207],"the":[12,58,68,119,142,171,213,227,232],"human":[13,22,136],"error":[14,23],"assessment":[15,84],"and":[16,51,63,71,160,177,205,231],"reduction":[17],"technique":[18],"(HEART)":[19],"estimating":[21],"probabilities":[24],"(HEPs).":[25],"The":[26,49,91,138,168,180],"existing":[27],"HEART":[28,229],"method":[29,93,230],"contains":[30],"factors":[31,95,144,199,210],"known":[32],"as":[33],"error-producing":[34],"conditions":[35,127],"(EPCs)":[36],"that":[37,109,128],"adjust":[38],"generic":[40],"HEP":[41,83,108],"to":[42,67,104,135,188],"more":[44,115],"specific":[45,208],"situation":[46],"being":[47],"assessed.":[48],"selection":[50],"proportioning":[52],"of":[53,60,121,132,148,151,153,173,183],"these":[54,184],"EPCs":[55],"are":[56,64,145,203],"at":[57,162],"discretion":[59],"an":[61,149,224],"assessor,":[62],"therefore":[65],"subject":[66],"assessor's":[69],"experience":[70],"potential":[72],"bias.":[73],"dependence":[75],"on":[76,97,118,212],"expert":[77],"opinion":[78],"is":[79,221],"prevalent":[80],"in":[81,87,100],"similar":[82],"techniques":[85],"used":[86,140],"numerous":[88],"industrial":[89],"areas.":[90],"proposed":[92,219,233],"incorporates":[94],"based":[96,117,211],"observed":[98],"trends":[99],"failures":[103,152],"produce":[105],"revised":[107],"can":[110],"trigger":[111],"risk":[112],"mitigation":[113],"actions":[114],"effectively":[116],"presence":[120],"categories":[123],"or":[124,195],"other":[125],"hazardous":[126],"have":[129],"history":[131],"due":[134],"error.":[137],"additional":[143],"result":[147],"analysis":[150,169],"electronic":[154],"components":[155],"experienced":[156],"during":[157],"system":[158],"integration":[159],"testing":[161],"NASA":[163],"Goddard":[164],"Space":[165],"Flight":[166],"Center.":[167],"includes":[170],"determination":[172],"root":[174],"mechanisms":[176],"trend":[178],"analysis.":[179],"major":[181],"causes":[182],"defects":[185,202],"were":[186],"attributed":[187],"electrostatic":[189],"damage,":[190],"overstress,":[192,194],"mechanical":[193],"thermal":[196],"overstress.":[197],"These":[198],"representing":[200],"user-induced":[201],"quantified":[204],"incorporated":[206],"hardware":[209],"system's":[214],"parts":[216],"list.":[217],"demonstrated":[222],"with":[223],"example":[225],"comparing":[226],"original":[228],"modified":[234],"technique.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2017-04-14T00:00:00"}
