{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604096629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","title":"DeepSleepNet: A Model for Automatic Sleep Stage Scoring Based on Raw Single-Channel EEG","display_name":"DeepSleepNet: A Model for Automatic Sleep Stage Scoring Based on Raw Single-Channel EEG","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604096629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","mag":"2604096629","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28678710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98183460","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","issn_l":"1534-4320","issn":["1534-4320","1558-0210"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.04046","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018395413","display_name":"Akara Supratak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-7642","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-7642"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akara Supratak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-7642","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709867","display_name":"Hao Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-9909","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-9909"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-9909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056838798","display_name":"Chao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0885-6869","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0885-6869","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6662-9405","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0075-9562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045081171","display_name":"Yike Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-2161","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3075-2161","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8401-282X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4026-2983"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yike Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"],"apc_list":{"value":2075,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2075},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":39.6208,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1371,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99959546,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"11","first_page":"1998","last_page":"2008"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-channel-eeg","display_name":"single-channel EEG","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-lstm","display_name":"bidirectional LSTM","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-networks","display_name":"convolutional neural networks","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eeg-feature-extraction","display_name":"EEG feature extraction","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-edf","display_name":"Sleep-EDF","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass","display_name":"Mass","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-dataset-generalization","display_name":"cross-dataset generalization","score":0.5910000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7646016478538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7093240022659302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.6355942487716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.625088632106781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.610255241394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132964779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110223","display_name":"Raw data","level":2,"score":0.5545729398727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5276623964309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5143228769302368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4842917323112488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.4162454903125763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.36842745542526245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34371793270111084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.13217023015022278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.09399467706680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001331","descriptor_name":"Automation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064368","descriptor_name":"Healthy Volunteers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2017.2721116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98183460","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","issn_l":"1534-4320","issn":["1534-4320","1558-0210"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:28678710","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28678710","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1703.04046","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1703.04046","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.04046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-122682","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000415700400008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1703.04046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.04046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1703.04046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1703.04046","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1703.04046","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.04046","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2604096629.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2604096629.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1591801644","https://openalex.org/W1815076433","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1951216520","https://openalex.org/W1978360139","https://openalex.org/W1983256092","https://openalex.org/W1995200202","https://openalex.org/W1996369579","https://openalex.org/W2017689092","https://openalex.org/W2048219658","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2100649405","https://openalex.org/W2131774270","https://openalex.org/W2144691514","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2164082066","https://openalex.org/W2170505850","https://openalex.org/W2180889008","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2271840356","https://openalex.org/W2501549718","https://openalex.org/W2525537354","https://openalex.org/W2529700114","https://openalex.org/W2539353608","https://openalex.org/W2593999683","https://openalex.org/W2612047884","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W3022302886","https://openalex.org/W3152633770","https://openalex.org/W4230797216","https://openalex.org/W7095449876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2907185924","https://openalex.org/W3082394918","https://openalex.org/W2949888973","https://openalex.org/W2920016582","https://openalex.org/W4205225618","https://openalex.org/W7204114904","https://openalex.org/W2902061695","https://openalex.org/W4220891962","https://openalex.org/W4285284633","https://openalex.org/W4396240569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,162],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,36,91],"deep":[4],"learning":[5],"model,":[6,64],"named":[7],"DeepSleepNet,":[8],"for":[9,51,180],"automatic":[10],"sleep":[11,33,55,83,116,181],"stage":[12,182],"scoring":[13,127,183],"based":[14],"on":[15,25,158],"raw":[16,186],"single-channel":[17,106,187],"EEG.":[18],"Most":[19],"of":[20,32,38],"the":[21,41,53,58,62,151,167,171],"existing":[22],"methods":[23,153],"rely":[24],"hand-engineered":[26,196],"features,":[27,73],"which":[28,48],"require":[29],"prior":[30],"knowledge":[31],"analysis.":[34],"Only":[35],"few":[37],"them":[39],"encode":[40],"temporal":[42],"information,":[43],"such":[44],"as":[45],"transition":[46,80],"rules,":[47],"is":[49],"important":[50],"identifying":[52],"next":[54],"stages,":[56],"into":[57],"extracted":[59],"features.":[60,197],"In":[61],"proposed":[63],"we":[65],"utilize":[66],"convolutional":[67],"neural":[68],"networks":[69],"to":[70,78,95],"extract":[71],"time-invariant":[72],"and":[74,111,126,130,142,170],"bidirectional-long":[75],"short-term":[76],"memory":[77],"learn":[79,178],"rules":[81],"among":[82],"stages":[84],"automatically":[85,177],"from":[86,113,184,189],"EEG":[87],"epochs.":[88],"We":[89,100],"implement":[90],"two-step":[92],"training":[93,172],"algorithm":[94],"train":[96],"our":[97,102,136,174],"model":[98,103,137,168,175],"efficiently.":[99],"evaluated":[101],"using":[104],"different":[105,121,185,190],"EEGs":[107,188],"(F4-EOG":[108],"(left),":[109],"Fpz-Cz,":[110],"Pz-Oz)":[112],"two":[114],"public":[115],"data":[117,160,191],"sets,":[118],"that":[119,135],"have":[120],"properties":[122],"(e.g.,":[123],"sampling":[124],"rate)":[125],"standards":[128],"(AASM":[129],"R&K).":[131],"The":[132],"results":[133],"showed":[134],"achieved":[138],"similar":[139],"overall":[140],"accuracy":[141],"macro":[143],"F1-score":[144],"(MASS:":[145,154],"86.2%-81.7,":[146],"Sleep-EDF:":[147,156],"82.0%-76.9)":[148],"compared":[149],"with":[150],"state-of-the-art":[152],"85.9%-80.5,":[155],"78.9%-73.7)":[157],"both":[159],"sets.":[161],"demonstrated":[163],"that,":[164],"without":[165,193],"changing":[166],"architecture":[169],"algorithm,":[173],"could":[176],"features":[179],"sets":[192],"utilizing":[194],"any":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":175},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":210},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":190},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":217},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":182},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":138},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":116},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}