{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2604065181","doi":null,"title":"Individualized Smile Detection Using Transfer Learning","display_name":"Individualized Smile Detection Using Transfer Learning","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2604065181","mag":"2604065181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/346422","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/346422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Master thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/346422","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056574046","display_name":"Inge Becht","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Inge Becht","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056574046"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.5673999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.5673999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.2605000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.11879999935626984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smile-detection","display_name":"smile detection","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-learning","display_name":"transfer learning","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-support-vector-machine","display_name":"adaptive support vector machine","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression-recognition","display_name":"facial expression recognition","score":0.6899999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5853587985038757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46305012702941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3875839114189148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3798806071281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34138092398643494}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/346422","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/346422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Master thesis"},{"id":"mag:2604065181","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/346422","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/346422","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/346422","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401649","display_name":"Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","host_organization_name":"Utrecht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Master thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W78144422","https://openalex.org/W260234364","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1978920452","https://openalex.org/W1988088279","https://openalex.org/W1989426692","https://openalex.org/W2037265949","https://openalex.org/W2070353225","https://openalex.org/W2075728230","https://openalex.org/W2078040488","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2090923791","https://openalex.org/W2109774206","https://openalex.org/W2115417283","https://openalex.org/W2121684305","https://openalex.org/W2122528367","https://openalex.org/W2125127226","https://openalex.org/W2126554711","https://openalex.org/W2131462465","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2156503193","https://openalex.org/W2157653492","https://openalex.org/W2162359196","https://openalex.org/W2163352848","https://openalex.org/W2164598857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2964062354","https://openalex.org/W7100029115","https://openalex.org/W2031187406","https://openalex.org/W2769976062","https://openalex.org/W2734281967","https://openalex.org/W2552190925","https://openalex.org/W2509076870","https://openalex.org/W3120512725","https://openalex.org/W2154003683","https://openalex.org/W7222952225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,68],"current":[1,259],"machine":[2],"learning":[3,137,195,208],"approaches":[4],"to":[5,32,73,125,131,146,211,248,271],"visual":[6],"smile":[7,21,160],"detection":[8],"the":[9,43,65,99,119,127,132,148,184,199,206,215,219,266,274],"training":[10,66,82,275],"data":[11,27,87,181,187,217,242,270],"generally\\nconsists":[12],"of":[13,16,92,108,116,157,198,214,218,268],"a":[14,20,29,83,86,113,155,174,234],"variety":[15,91,156],"different":[17,158],"faces":[18],"displaying":[19],"or":[22],"neutral":[23],"expression,":[24],"and":[25,94,152,191,246,261],"the\\ntarget":[26],"introduces":[28],"new":[30],"face":[31,121,221],"classify.":[33],"Although":[34],"this":[35,69],"approach":[36,164,209,236],"has":[37],"shown":[38],"promising\\nresults":[39],"towards":[40],"correctly":[41],"classifying":[42],"newly":[44],"introduced":[45],"target":[46,120,186,220,241,269],"face,":[47],"we":[48,71,139],"believe":[49],"that\\nperformance":[50],"can":[51],"be":[52,244],"improved":[53],"by":[54,106,165,230],"acknowledging":[55],"that":[56,172],"there":[57],"are":[58],"differences":[59,63],"in":[60,154,258],"smile-styles\\nand":[61],"facial":[62],"throughout":[64],"process.":[67,276],"research":[70],"aim":[72],"do":[74],"so":[75],"by\\napplying":[76],"transfer":[77,104,136,194,207],"learning.":[78],"This":[79],"entails":[80],"first":[81],"classifier":[84,128,176],"on":[85,178,265],"set":[88,182],"showing":[89],"a\\nwide":[90],"smiling":[93],"non-smiling":[95],"faces,":[96],"as":[97,124],"is":[98,122],"general":[100],"approach.":[101],"Afterwards":[102],"we\\napply":[103],"learning,":[105],"means":[107],"an":[109,179],"Adaptive":[110],"SVM,":[111],"where":[112],"small":[114],"number":[115],"labeled\\ninstances":[117],"from":[118],"provided":[123],"make":[126,135],"more":[129],"specific":[130],"target\\nface.":[133],"To":[134],"effective":[138],"use":[140,272],"low-level":[141],"geometric":[142],"features":[143],"which":[144],"we\\nexpect":[145],"capture":[147],"difference":[149],"between":[150],"smiles":[151],"no-smile":[153],"faces\\nand":[159],"styles.\\nWe":[161],"evaluate":[162],"our":[163,189,192],"comparing":[166],"performance":[167],"against":[168],"alternative":[169],"strategies.":[170],"We\\nfind":[171],"using":[173],"traditional":[175],"trained":[177],"aggregated":[180,226],"containing":[183],"general\\nand":[185],"outperforms":[188],"baseline":[190],"suggested":[193],"approach\\nfor":[196],"each":[197],"test":[200],"videos.":[201],"A":[202],"big":[203],"problem":[204],"for":[205,237],"seems":[210],"be\\nthe":[212],"quality":[213],"labeled":[216,240],"used":[222],"during":[223,273],"training.":[224],"The":[225],"approach\\nseems":[227],"less":[228],"effected":[229],"it,":[231],"making":[232],"it":[233],"preferred":[235],"real-life":[238],"applications\\nwhere":[239],"will":[243],"sparse":[245],"difficult":[247],"select.":[249],"However,":[250],"its":[251,256],"performance\\nimprovements":[252],"does":[253],"not":[254],"outweigh":[255],"efforts":[257],"experiments,":[260],"further":[262],"research\\nshould":[263],"focus":[264],"choice":[267]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}
