{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2602213052","doi":null,"title":"Co-regulation in EU personal data protection: the case of technical standards and the privacy by design standardisation 'mandate'","display_name":"Co-regulation in EU personal data protection: the case of technical standards and the privacy by design standardisation 'mandate'","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2602213052","mag":"2602213052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ejlt.org:article/545","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/view/545","pdf_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/download/545/725","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764792111","display_name":"European journal of law and technology","issn_l":"2042-115X","issn":["2042-115X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2042-115X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/download/545/725","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021090638","display_name":"Irene Kamara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-5162","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-5162"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Irene Kamara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tilburg University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-5162","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tilburg University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021090638"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":31.0391,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99349303,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13364","display_name":"Digitalization, Law, and Regulation","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13088","display_name":"Legal and Labor Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-regulation","display_name":"co-regulation","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-data-protection-regulation","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-data-protection","display_name":"personal data protection","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-standards","display_name":"technical standards","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"standardization","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-by-design","display_name":"privacy by design","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"certification","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-regulation","display_name":"self-regulation","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottom-up-control","display_name":"bottom-up control","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/top-down-control","display_name":"top-down control","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-charter-of-fundamental-rights","display_name":"EU Charter of Fundamental Rights","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-security","display_name":"data security","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-management","display_name":"privacy management","score":0.878000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3090818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172506","display_name":"General Data Protection Regulation","level":3,"score":0.8964909315109253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69360830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172237","display_name":"Data Protection Act 1998","level":2,"score":0.7980664968490601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6094231605529785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193934123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246028","display_name":"Privacy by Design","level":3,"score":0.571537971496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775884135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845436","display_name":"Mandate","level":2,"score":0.5687533617019653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5530555248260498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78524284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031155","display_name":"Information privacy law","level":4,"score":0.5076287984848022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.48377296328544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.48341596126556396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.47943252325057983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.4457566738128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135397884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317623","display_name":"Technical standard","level":2,"score":0.43494218587875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.43394234776496887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.42139601707458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102938260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999831","display_name":"Privacy policy","level":3,"score":0.4209010601043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3530484437942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2893942594528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20436283946037292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1528458297252655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.10899496078491211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ejlt.org:article/545","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/view/545","pdf_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/download/545/725","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764792111","display_name":"European journal of law and technology","issn_l":"2042-115X","issn":["2042-115X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2042-115X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:openaire/c14381b7-26ff-4f75-9495-703f157d15ad","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/c14381b7-26ff-4f75-9495-703f157d15ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401490","display_name":"Research portal (Tilburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","host_organization_name":"Tilburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kamara, I 2017, 'Co-regulation in EU personal data protection : The case of technical standards and the privacy by design standardisation \u2018mandate\u2019', European Journal of Law and Technology, vol. 8, no. 1.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:uvt:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:publications/c14381b7-26ff-4f75-9495-703f157d15ad","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/c14381b7-26ff-4f75-9495-703f157d15ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Law and Technology, 8(1)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:137152","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/coregulation-in-eu-personal-data-protection-the-case-of-technical-standards-and-the-privacy-by-design-standardisation-mandate(14017c73-4726-49d4-b539-d20e8052c718).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2602213052","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://ejlt.org/article/view/545/725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764792111","display_name":"European journal of law and technology","issn_l":"2042-115X","issn":["2042-115X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European journal of law and technology","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ejlt.org:article/545","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/view/545","pdf_url":"https://ejlt.org/index.php/ejlt/article/download/545/725","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764792111","display_name":"European journal of law and technology","issn_l":"2042-115X","issn":["2042-115X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2042-115X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2602213052.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2602213052.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2413684623","https://openalex.org/W4408442927","https://openalex.org/W4239280451","https://openalex.org/W3174055473","https://openalex.org/W4408442885","https://openalex.org/W4408442949","https://openalex.org/W6942324156","https://openalex.org/W4408443673","https://openalex.org/W6949812967","https://openalex.org/W7055763262"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,75,101],"recently":[1],"adopted":[2],"General":[3,26],"Data":[4,27],"Protection":[5,28],"Regulation":[6],"(GDPR),":[7],"a":[8,111,125],"technology-neutral":[9],"law,":[10],"endorses":[11],"self-regulatory":[12],"instruments,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15,110],"certification":[16],"and":[17,38,120],"technical":[18],"standards.":[19],"Even":[20],"before":[21],"the":[22,25,33,46,50,55,69,89,96,116],"adoption":[23],"of":[24,35,68,72,91,103,113,128],"Regulation,":[29],"standardisation":[30,52,109,129],"activity":[31],"in":[32,95,115,130],"field":[34],"privacy":[36,61],"management":[37,62],"data":[39,98,117],"security":[40],"had":[41],"started":[42],"proliferating.":[43],"In":[44],"2015,":[45],"European":[47,56],"Commission":[48],"issued":[49],"first":[51],"request":[53],"to":[54,59,88,107,132],"Standardisation":[57],"Organisations":[58],"develop":[60],"standards":[63],"based":[64],"on":[65,124],"art.":[66],"8":[67],"EU":[70,97],"Charter":[71],"Fundamental":[73],"Rights.":[74],"article":[76],"argues":[77],"that":[78],"there":[79],"is":[80,106],"an":[81],"emerging":[82],"shift":[83],"from":[84],"traditional":[85],"top-down":[86],"regulation":[87],"inclusion":[90],"bottom-up":[92],"co-regulation":[93,114],"tools":[94],"protection":[99,118],"legislation.":[100],"aim":[102],"this":[104],"contribution":[105],"examine":[108],"form":[112],"context":[119],"draw":[121],"preliminary":[122],"conclusions":[123],"potential":[126],"role":[127],"relation":[131],"(data":[133],"protection)":[134],"law.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}
