{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2601565692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","title":"Association of Gastric Acid Suppression With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection","display_name":"Association of Gastric Acid Suppression With Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2601565692","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","mag":"2601565692","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346595","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5540201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2612117/jamainternal_tariq_2017_oi_170007.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65364685","display_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","issn_l":"2168-6106","issn":["2168-6106","2168-6114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2612117/jamainternal_tariq_2017_oi_170007.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051935803","display_name":"Raseen Tariq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-6691","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-6691"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raseen Tariq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035847062","display_name":"Siddharth Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2640-7269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2640-7269","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-6221"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddharth Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033532763","display_name":"Arjun Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-4731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-4731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016245381","display_name":"Darrell S. Pardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-8784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-8784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darrell S. Pardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077792271","display_name":"Sahil Khanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-8338","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7619-8338"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sahil Khanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077792271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1334,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":160,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95687332,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"177","issue":"6","first_page":"784","last_page":"784"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13569","display_name":"Microscopic Colitis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-clostridioides-difficile-infection","display_name":"recurrent Clostridium difficile infection","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastric-acid-suppression","display_name":"gastric acid suppression","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proton-pump-inhibitors","display_name":"proton pump inhibitors","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/h2-receptor-antagonists","display_name":"H2 receptor antagonists","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudomembranous-colitis","display_name":"pseudomembranous colitis","score":0.9580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.944257378578186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5940327644348145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27031090","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","level":3,"score":0.5694385766983032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.5089731216430664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991793726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2453464","display_name":"Pseudomembranous colitis","level":4,"score":0.4553734064102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4431525468826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781025758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421704","display_name":"Proton-pump inhibitor","level":2,"score":0.43847405910491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.4279172420501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776478404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105187","display_name":"Cochrane Library","level":3,"score":0.41074544191360474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004761","descriptor_name":"Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005744","descriptor_name":"Gastric Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006635","descriptor_name":"Histamine H2 Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006635","descriptor_name":"Histamine H2 Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016360","descriptor_name":"Clostridioides difficile","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054328","descriptor_name":"Proton Pump Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054328","descriptor_name":"Proton Pump Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2612117/jamainternal_tariq_2017_oi_170007.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65364685","display_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","issn_l":"2168-6106","issn":["2168-6106","2168-6114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4937169","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5540201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5540201","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5540201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Intern Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:28346595","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28346595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA internal medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.0212","pdf_url":"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/articlepdf/2612117/jamainternal_tariq_2017_oi_170007.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65364685","display_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","issn_l":"2168-6106","issn":["2168-6106","2168-6114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Internal Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2601565692.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2601565692.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W132993216","https://openalex.org/W246286872","https://openalex.org/W1582179177","https://openalex.org/W1964383119","https://openalex.org/W1968042876","https://openalex.org/W1968205721","https://openalex.org/W1968272026","https://openalex.org/W1979423827","https://openalex.org/W1995227455","https://openalex.org/W2005501262","https://openalex.org/W2007196615","https://openalex.org/W2007982564","https://openalex.org/W2010373998","https://openalex.org/W2015140532","https://openalex.org/W2038359626","https://openalex.org/W2047080798","https://openalex.org/W2055606614","https://openalex.org/W2063969731","https://openalex.org/W2065818213","https://openalex.org/W2070928262","https://openalex.org/W2071052563","https://openalex.org/W2071054182","https://openalex.org/W2072771627","https://openalex.org/W2076774854","https://openalex.org/W2078000799","https://openalex.org/W2091320039","https://openalex.org/W2106818996","https://openalex.org/W2107328434","https://openalex.org/W2107683537","https://openalex.org/W2107961033","https://openalex.org/W2111990189","https://openalex.org/W2112339576","https://openalex.org/W2114271048","https://openalex.org/W2119853161","https://openalex.org/W2132422694","https://openalex.org/W2150817003","https://openalex.org/W2155800098","https://openalex.org/W2156098321","https://openalex.org/W2166660180","https://openalex.org/W2167766152","https://openalex.org/W2170823462","https://openalex.org/W2194591433","https://openalex.org/W2224656683","https://openalex.org/W2346835554","https://openalex.org/W2468996569","https://openalex.org/W2588681363","https://openalex.org/W2991792334","https://openalex.org/W3152073170","https://openalex.org/W4239835768","https://openalex.org/W7039317359"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2979171572","https://openalex.org/W4232868989","https://openalex.org/W2978980339","https://openalex.org/W2598416024","https://openalex.org/W3020994278","https://openalex.org/W2087163968","https://openalex.org/W7204959216","https://openalex.org/W2065818213","https://openalex.org/W2072723734","https://openalex.org/W2339802249"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Importance:":[0],"Gastric":[1],"acid":[2,27,46,83,124,238,270,288,341,364],"suppression":[3,271],"has":[4],"been":[5],"associated":[6],"with":[7,115,136,197,229,234,251,268,279,314,337,379,408],"an":[8,292,315,331],"increased":[9,293,332,369],"risk":[10,19,294,333,370],"of":[11,20,64,159,176,179,214,224,236,263,275,282,318,322,334,339,355,391],"primary":[12],"Clostridium":[13,92],"difficile":[14],"infection":[15,226],"(CDI),":[16],"but":[17],"the":[18,42,55,59,79,156,177,203,210,312,388,392,401],"recurrent":[21,49,87,132,225,259,264,335,372],"CDI":[22,116,133,230,265,336],"in":[23,227,266,284,406],"patients":[24,114,228,250,256,267,285,360,407],"taking":[25],"gastric":[26,45,82,123,237,269,287,340,363],"suppressant":[28,84,125,239],"medications":[29,405],"is":[30],"unclear.":[31],"Objective:":[32],"To":[33],"perform":[34],"a":[35,186],"systematic":[36],"review":[37],"and":[38,48,62,86,99,109,127,147,166,174,206,221,231,327,352],"meta-analysis":[39,296],"to":[40,72,154,185,208,387,399],"evaluate":[41],"association":[43,80,233],"between":[44,81],"suppressants":[47,342,365],"CDI.":[50,88,260,373,409],"Data":[51,145,181],"Sources:":[52],"MEDLINE,":[53],"EMBASE,":[54],"Cochrane":[56,60],"Central":[57],"Register,":[58],"Database,":[61],"Web":[63],"Science":[65],"were":[66,129,134,169,182,200,245],"searched":[67],"from":[68],"January":[69],"1,":[70],"1995,":[71],"September":[73],"30,":[74],"2015,":[75],"for":[76,131,325,371,403],"studies":[77,168,215,244,323,357],"assessing":[78],"exposure":[85],"Search":[89],"terms":[90],"included":[91,113,160],"difficile,":[93],"pseudomembranous":[94],"colitis,":[95],"proton":[96],"pump":[97],"inhibitor,":[98],"histamine":[100],"H2":[101],"blocker.":[102],"Study":[103],"Selection:":[104],"Case-control":[105],"studies,":[106,108,313],"cohort":[107,167],"clinical":[110],"trials":[111],"that":[112,359],"who":[117,128,361],"did":[118,120],"or":[119,143],"not":[121],"receive":[122,362],"therapy":[126],"evaluated":[130],"included,":[135,246],"no":[137],"restriction":[138],"on":[139,171],"study":[140],"setting":[141],"(inpatient":[142],"outpatient).":[144],"Extraction":[146],"Synthesis:":[148],"The":[149,261],"Newcastle-Ottawa":[150],"scale":[151],"was":[152,272,308],"used":[153],"assess":[155],"methodologic":[157],"quality":[158],"studies.":[161,394],"In":[162],"this":[163],"scale,":[164],"case-control":[165],"scored":[170],"selection,":[172],"comparability,":[173],"ascertainment":[175],"outcome":[178],"interest.":[180],"independently":[183],"abstracted":[184],"predetermined":[187],"collection":[188],"form":[189],"by":[190,295],"2":[191],"investigators.":[192],"Summary":[193],"odds":[194],"ratio":[195,298],"estimates":[196],"95%":[198,301,345],"CIs":[199],"calculated":[201],"using":[202],"random-effects":[204],"model":[205],"software":[207],"calculate":[209],"pooled":[211],"effect":[212],"size":[213],"reporting":[216,248],"multivariate":[217],"analyses.":[218],"Main":[219],"Outcomes":[220],"Measures:":[222],"Risk":[223],"its":[232],"use":[235,338],"medication.":[240],"Results:":[241],"Sixteen":[242],"observational":[243,356,389],"together":[247],"7703":[249],"CDI;":[252],"among":[253,311],"these,":[254],"1525":[255],"(19.8%)":[257],"developed":[258],"rate":[262],"22.1%":[273],"(892":[274],"4038":[276],"patients)":[277],"compared":[278],"17.3%":[280],"(633":[281],"3665)":[283],"without":[286],"suppression,":[289],"which":[290],"indicated":[291],"(odds":[297],"[OR],":[299],"1.52;":[300],"CI,":[302,346],"1.20-1.94;":[303],"P":[304,348],"<":[305],".001).":[306],"There":[307],"significant":[309],"heterogeneity":[310],"I2":[316],"value":[317],"64%.":[319],"Subgroup":[320],"analyses":[321],"adjusting":[324],"age":[326],"potential":[328],"confounders":[329],"confirmed":[330],"(OR,":[343],"1.38;":[344],"1.08-1.76;":[347],"=":[349],".02).":[350],"Conclusions":[351],"Relevance:":[353],"Meta-analyses":[354],"suggest":[358],"may":[366,383,396],"be":[367,377,384,397],"at":[368],"These":[374],"data":[375],"should":[376],"interpreted":[378],"caution":[380],"because":[381],"they":[382],"confounded":[385],"owing":[386],"design":[390],"individual":[393],"It":[395],"reasonable":[398],"re-evaluate":[400],"need":[402],"these":[404]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}
