{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2600445554","doi":null,"title":"Dual Processes, Development, and Scalar Implicature","display_name":"Dual Processes, Development, and Scalar Implicature","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2600445554","mag":"2600445554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/:1676360","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1676360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Presentation / Conference Contribution"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1676360","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026385869","display_name":"Susan Scrafton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan Scrafton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Durham University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Durham University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032411189","display_name":"Aidan Feeney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-1676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-1676"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aidan Feeney","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, Cognition, Development and Education"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-1676","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, Cognition, Development and Education","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3907,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79300699,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"28","first_page":"774","last_page":"779"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.4077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.4077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.19820000231266022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.05790000036358833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-process-theory","display_name":"dual-process theory","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar-implicature","display_name":"scalar implicature","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pragmatic-development","display_name":"pragmatic development","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belief-bias","display_name":"belief bias","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deductive-reasoning","display_name":"deductive reasoning","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-reasoning","display_name":"children's reasoning","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-development","display_name":"cognitive development","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syllogism","display_name":"syllogism","score":0.597000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779899686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571227","display_name":"Implicature","level":3,"score":0.5140761137008667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5078306794166565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3759380280971527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3582090139389038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.16838687658309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11693617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181839","display_name":"Pragmatics","level":2,"score":0.12313950061798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1085803210735321}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/:1676360","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1676360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Presentation / Conference Contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/b55e132d-d236-43aa-8ef0-17add29eb603","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/b55e132d-d236-43aa-8ef0-17add29eb603","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scrafton, S & Feeney, A 2006, Dual processes, development, and scalar implicature. in Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society, pp. 774-779, Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Boston, United States, 01/08/2006.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"mag:2600445554","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://csjarchive.cogsci.rpi.edu/Proceedings/2006/docs/p774.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306418000","display_name":"Conference Cognitive Science","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Conference Cognitive Science","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/:1676360","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1676360","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400188","display_name":"Durham Research Online (Durham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","host_organization_name":"Durham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Presentation / Conference Contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60692602","https://openalex.org/W1734631470","https://openalex.org/W1741613994","https://openalex.org/W1969253354","https://openalex.org/W1976289819","https://openalex.org/W1980063309","https://openalex.org/W1986721142","https://openalex.org/W2005819009","https://openalex.org/W2013153387","https://openalex.org/W2021835705","https://openalex.org/W2022112401","https://openalex.org/W2047894125","https://openalex.org/W2049706269","https://openalex.org/W2052496417","https://openalex.org/W2072536799","https://openalex.org/W2075780421","https://openalex.org/W2083487049","https://openalex.org/W2101698290","https://openalex.org/W2121001250","https://openalex.org/W2121497166","https://openalex.org/W2128299237","https://openalex.org/W2130041324","https://openalex.org/W2155315609","https://openalex.org/W2167366201","https://openalex.org/W2170114488","https://openalex.org/W4206931038"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096407261","https://openalex.org/W4287395313","https://openalex.org/W4239781316","https://openalex.org/W2522032897","https://openalex.org/W2939624893","https://openalex.org/W1585438224","https://openalex.org/W2005818586","https://openalex.org/W1482228744","https://openalex.org/W6967239703","https://openalex.org/W1993184144"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dual":[0,300,623],"Processes,":[1],"Development,":[2],"and":[3,50,119,168,199,254,268,289,314,340,344,357,374,396,437,450,523,552,574,629,634,644,668,675,698],"Scalar":[4],"Implicature":[5],"Susan":[6],"Scrafton":[7],"(susan.scrafton@durham.ac.uk)":[8],"Child":[9],"Development":[10],"Research":[11,14],"Unit,":[12],"Wolfson":[13],"Institute,":[15],"Queen\u2019s":[16,30],"Campus,":[17,31],"Durham":[18,32],"University,":[19],"Stockton-on-Tees":[20,34],"TS17":[21,35],"6BH":[22,36],"United":[23,37],"Kingdom":[24,38],"Aidan":[25],"Feeney":[26],"(aidan.feeney@durham.ac.uk))":[27],"Applied":[28],"Psychology,":[29],"University":[33],"process.":[39],"However,":[40,453],"we":[41,364],"will":[42,609],"first":[43],"consider":[44,612],"the":[45,52,63,99,114,117,120,123,162,175,178,219,238,257,272,324,331,434,563,613,617,664,699],"distinction":[46],"in":[47,95,128,177,192,213,354,371,380,393,525,537,558,642],"more":[48,138,148,190,446,462],"detail":[49],"review":[51],"very":[53],"limited":[54],"developmental":[55,614],"literature":[56],"that":[57,150,187,240,304,401,410,456,472,540,682],"it":[58,188],"has":[59,427],"motivated.":[60],"Evidence":[61,622],"for":[62,161,245,270,512,587],"existence":[64],"of":[65,68,74,79,84,116,122,164,173,182,202,248,326,336,347,368,377,441,475,601,606,616,620,678,702],"two":[66,507,618,700],"types":[67,619],"thinking":[69,306,476,589,654],"comes":[70],"from":[71],"a":[72,77,129,279,345],"range":[73],"sources":[75],"using":[76],"variety":[78],"methodologies.":[80],"One":[81],"important":[82],"piece":[83],"evidence":[85,160],"concerns":[86],"people\u2019s":[87],"ability":[88,595],"to":[89,136,146,211,226,322,333,351,494,518,584,596,611,640],"resist":[90],"background":[91],"beliefs":[92],"when":[93],"engaged":[94],"deductive":[96],"reasoning.":[97,513,679],"In":[98,579],"belief":[100,183,220],"bias":[101,184,221],"paradigm":[102],"(Evans,":[103],"Barston":[104],"&":[105,196,206,232,296,481,490,658],"Pollard,":[106],"1983)":[107],"participants":[108,343,363],"are":[109,151,242,412,459,506,516,528,548,566,582,626],"presented":[110],"with":[111,215,229,286,292,433],"syllogisms":[112],"where":[113],"validity":[115,217],"conclusions":[118,149],"believability":[121],"premises":[124],"have":[125,185,277,635],"been":[126,429,637],"crossed":[127],"fully":[130],"factorial":[131],"design.":[132],"Although":[133],"people":[134,194],"tend":[135,145],"accept":[137,147],"valid":[139],"than":[140,153,406,576,684],"invalid":[141],"conclusions,":[142],"they":[143,411,535,547,581],"also":[144,224,549],"believable":[152],"unbelievable.":[154],"This":[155],"finding":[156],"is":[157,189,223,250,259,307,465,541,649],"taken":[158],"as":[159,431,531,534],"co-existence":[163],"belief-based":[165,287],"heuristic":[166,313,402,577],"processes,":[167,561],"separate":[169,243,508],"analytic":[170,315,407],"processes":[171,244,403,408,440,458,511,515],"capable":[172],"decontextualising":[174],"information":[176],"problem.":[179,273],"Further":[180],"studies":[181,276],"shown":[186,278],"common":[191],"older":[193,394],"(Gilinsky":[195],"Judd,":[197],"1994)":[198],"under":[200],"conditions":[201],"speeded":[203],"response":[204,703],"(Evans":[205],"Curtis-Holmes,":[207],"2005).":[208],"The":[209,603],"tendency":[210],"respond":[212],"accord":[214],"logical":[216,293,378,390],"on":[218,265,562,631,652,672],"task":[222],"known":[225],"be":[227,519,585,610],"associated":[228,285,291],"IQ":[230],"(Stanovich":[231],"West,":[233,491],"1998).":[234],"These":[235,398],"findings":[236],"support":[237],"claim":[239],"there":[241,505],"reasoning,":[246],"one":[247],"which":[249,334,592],"fast,":[251,520],"computationally":[252,261],"inexpensive":[253],"context-driven,":[255],"whilst":[256,389],"other":[258,564],"slow,":[260],"expensive,":[262],"heavily":[263],"dependent":[264],"working":[266,571],"memory":[267,572],"responsible":[269,586],"dexcontextualising":[271],"Furthermore,":[274],"neuropsychological":[275],"within-subject":[280],"anatomical":[281],"disassociation":[282],"between":[283,666],"areas":[284],"responding":[288,294,370,379,388,391,539],"those":[290],"(Goel":[295],"Dolan,":[297],"2004).":[298,660],"Abstract":[299],"process":[301,624],"theories":[302,496,625],"suggest":[303,400,471],"our":[305,594],"determined":[308],"by":[309,445,461,467,544,570,628],"separate,":[310],"but":[311,409,509],"interacting,":[312],"processes.":[316,328,452,578],"We":[317,329],"describe":[318],"an":[319],"experiment":[320],"designed":[321],"investigate":[323],"development":[325,426],"these":[327],"examined":[330,663],"extent":[332],"groups":[335],"6,":[337],"9,":[338],"12,":[339],"15":[341],"year-old":[342],"group":[346],"adults":[348],"were":[349,690,695],"sensitive":[350],"scalar":[352],"implicature":[353],"pragmatically":[355,358],"enriched":[356,372],"impoverished":[359,381],"contexts.":[360,382],"For":[361],"younger":[362],"find":[365],"high":[366,375],"rates":[367,376],"pragmatic":[369,387,538],"contexts":[373],"Early":[383],"adolescents":[384,395],"displayed":[385],"universally":[386],"re-emerged":[392],"adults.":[397],"results":[399],"develop":[404],"earlier":[405],"not":[413,636],"well":[414],"developed":[415],"until":[416],"early":[417,557],"adolescence.":[418],"Keywords:":[419],"Reasoning,":[420],"pragmatics,":[421],"heuristics,":[422],"context":[423],"Introduction":[424],"Cognitive":[425],"traditionally":[428],"viewed":[430],"unidirectional,":[432],"simple,":[435],"inefficient":[436],"intuitive":[438],"thought":[439],"childhood":[442],"gradually":[443],"replaced":[444],"complex,":[447],"efficient,":[448],"systematic":[449],"analytical":[451],"this":[454,607],"view":[455],"simpler":[457],"supplanted":[460],"complex":[463],"ones":[464],"challenged":[466],"dual-process":[468,495],"theorists":[469],"who":[470],"different":[473],"kinds":[474],"may":[477,554],"interact":[478],"(see":[479],"Evans":[480],"Over,":[482],"2004;":[483],"Sloman,":[484],"1996;":[485],"2002;":[486],"Stanovich,":[487],"1999;":[488],"Stanovich":[489],"2000).":[492],"According":[493],"(for":[497],"recent":[498],"reviews":[499],"see":[500],"Evans,":[501],"2003;":[502],"Osman,":[503],"2004)":[504],"interacting":[510],"Heuristic":[514],"believed":[517],"parallel,":[521],"automatic,":[522],"unconscious":[524],"nature.":[526],"They":[527],"often":[529,542],"described":[530],"being":[532,685],"associative,":[533],"result":[536],"driven":[543],"context.":[545,602],"Importantly,":[546],"cognitively":[550],"undemanding":[551],"hence,":[553],"emerge":[555],"relatively":[556],"development.":[559],"Analytic":[560],"hand,":[565],"conscious,":[567],"controlled,":[568],"constrained":[569],"capacity":[573],"slower":[575],"addition,":[580],"held":[583],"decontextualised":[588],"(Stanovich,":[590],"1999),":[591],"underlies":[593],"reason":[597],"or":[598],"decide":[599],"independently":[600],"main":[604],"aim":[605],"paper":[608],"trajectory":[615],"Developmental":[621],"based,":[627],"large,":[630],"adult":[632],"data":[633],"widely":[638],"applied":[639],"reasoning":[641,673],"children":[643],"adolescents.":[645],"A":[646],"notable":[647],"exception":[648],"Klaczynski\u2019s":[650],"work":[651],"adolescent":[653],"(Klaczynski,":[655],"2001;":[656],"Klaczynski":[657,661],"Cottrell,":[659],"(2001)":[662],"gap":[665],"young":[667],"middle":[669],"adolescents\u2019":[670],"performance":[671],"tasks":[674],"traditional":[676],"standards":[677],"He":[680],"showed":[681],"rather":[683],"random":[686],"errors,":[687],"non-normative":[688],"responses":[689,694],"positively":[691,696],"correlated,":[692,697],"normative":[693],"forms":[701]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}
