{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2599353402","doi":null,"title":"Community Workforce Provisions in Project Labor Agreements: A Tool for Building Middle-Class Careers","display_name":"Community Workforce Provisions in Project Labor Agreements: A Tool for Building Middle-Class Careers","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2599353402","mag":"2599353402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.cornell.edu:1813/74339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1813/74339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400757","display_name":"eCommons (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009275849","display_name":"Mar\u00eda E. Figueroa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4887-4981","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4887-4981"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda E. Figueroa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4887-4981","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025392079","display_name":"Jeffrey Grabelsky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Grabelsky","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057731971","display_name":"Ryan Lamare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Lamare","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.507,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91302903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11421","display_name":"Labor Movements and Unions","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13088","display_name":"Legal and Labor Studies","score":0.02329999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.008899999782443047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-industry","display_name":"construction industry","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workforce-development","display_name":"workforce development","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-reduction","display_name":"poverty reduction","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collective-bargaining-agreement","display_name":"collective agreements","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-owned-businesses","display_name":"minority-owned businesses","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-construction","display_name":"women in construction","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/los-angeles","display_name":"Los Angeles","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port-of-oakland","display_name":"Port of Oakland","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/los-angeles-unified-school-district","display_name":"Los Angeles Unified School District","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-economic-development","display_name":"community economic development","score":0.3580000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.7149294018745422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241588","display_name":"Middle class","level":2,"score":0.5814959406852722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5498391389846802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.46918654441833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4116339385509491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4094898998737335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.3818897604942322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.23368707299232483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22479096055030823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.20025616884231567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1432010531425476}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ecommons.cornell.edu:1813/74339","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1813/74339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400757","display_name":"eCommons (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:2599353402","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/reports/64/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57324371","https://openalex.org/W104445792","https://openalex.org/W792867406","https://openalex.org/W1533335638","https://openalex.org/W1579635104","https://openalex.org/W2010558477","https://openalex.org/W2117881267","https://openalex.org/W2327592090","https://openalex.org/W2995752893"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137062893","https://openalex.org/W7052211265","https://openalex.org/W2794026304","https://openalex.org/W2174466009","https://openalex.org/W2912534990","https://openalex.org/W2979596250","https://openalex.org/W7097722204","https://openalex.org/W7097422887","https://openalex.org/W2267939680","https://openalex.org/W2128404981"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"[Excerpt]":[0],"Project":[1],"Labor":[2],"Agreements":[3,54],"are":[4,42,55],"comprehensive":[5],"contracts":[6],"between":[7],"a":[8,12],"construction":[9,22,39,159,199],"client":[10],"and":[11,34,41,49,68,113,116,135,191,209,220,228,235,248,272,282,292,297,300,306,314],"consortium":[13],"of":[14,80,93,99,105,119,132,137,194,222,252,265,289,295,309],"unions.":[15],"They":[16],"have":[17,269],"been":[18,270],"used":[19],"in":[20,91,149,157,179,217,231,286],"the":[21,83,117,144,158,180,183,192,204,244,250,262,275,287,293,304],"industry":[23],"for":[24,37,72,96,130,154,206],"over":[25],"60":[26],"years":[27,278],"to":[28,45,65,126,151,279,303],"achieve":[29],"uniform":[30],"labor":[31,305],"standards,":[32],"stability":[33],"high":[35],"quality":[36],"large":[38],"projects,":[40],"currently":[43,238],"evolving":[44],"address":[46,162],"broader":[47],"social":[48,59],"community":[50],"issues.":[51],"Community":[52,86],"Workforce":[53],"PLAs":[56,170],"that":[57,213,236,268,284],"contain":[58],"investment":[60],"or":[61],"targeted":[62],"hiring":[63,173],"provisions":[64,267],"create":[66],"employment":[67,131,219,307],"career":[69,226],"path":[70],"opportunities":[71,156],"individuals":[73,109],"from":[74,110,124],"low":[75,310],"income":[76,311],"communities.":[77],"Pioneering":[78],"examples":[79],"CWAs":[81,178,215],"included":[82],"Los":[84,184,195,232],"Angeles":[85,185,196,233],"College":[87],"District":[88,188],"PLA":[89,122,189],"(signed":[90],"April":[92],"2001),":[94],"providing":[95],"30":[97],"percent":[98,104],"local":[100,172,223,253],"resident":[101],"workforce":[102],"(20":[103],"which":[106,243],"should":[107],"be":[108],"economically":[111],"disadvantaged":[112,133],"at-risk":[114],"populations);":[115],"Port":[118],"Oakland":[120],"(California)":[121],"(implemented":[123],"2001":[125],"2008),":[127],"setting":[128],"goals":[129,281],"populations":[134],"utilization":[136],"minority-owned":[138],"businesses.":[139],"The":[140],"first":[141],"agreements":[142],"on":[143,242,256],"West":[145,181],"Coast":[146],"were":[147],"developed":[148],"response":[150],"communities\u2019":[152],"demands":[153,164],"increased":[155,218],"industry.":[160],"To":[161],"these":[163,214],"Building":[165],"Trades":[166],"Councils":[167],"began":[168],"negotiating":[169],"with":[171],"provisions.":[174],"Other":[175],"successfully":[176],"implemented":[177,273],"include":[182],"Unified":[186],"School":[187],"(2003)":[190],"City":[193],"Public":[197],"Works":[198],"projects":[200],"(2006).":[201],"Studies":[202],"by":[203,210],"Partnership":[205],"Working":[207],"Families":[208],"UCLA":[211],"found":[212],"resulted":[216],"retention":[221],"workers,":[224],"middle-class":[225],"paths":[227],"poverty":[229],"reduction":[230],"communities,":[234,312],"they":[237],"constitute":[239],"\u201cthe":[240],"basis":[241],"city":[245],"can":[246],"monitor":[247],"assess":[249],"number":[251],"residents":[254],"working":[255],"its":[257],"projects.\u201d":[258],"This":[259],"report":[260],"profiles":[261],"wide":[263],"range":[264],"PLA/CWA":[266],"designed":[271],"during":[274],"last":[276],"15":[277],"establish":[280],"structures":[283],"assist":[285],"creation":[288],"new":[290,296],"standards":[291],"implementation":[294],"existing":[298],"laws":[299],"regulations":[301],"related":[302],"rights":[308],"women,":[313],"minorities.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}
