{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2598746472","doi":null,"title":"Vocational Schooling versus Apprenticeship Training. Evidence from Vacancy Data","display_name":"Vocational Schooling versus Apprenticeship Training. Evidence from Vacancy Data","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2598746472","mag":"2598746472"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145655","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/145655/1/VfS_2016_pid_6604.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/145655/1/VfS_2016_pid_6604.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/145655","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081690519","display_name":"Matthias Parey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-0565","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-0565"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Parey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London\u2020"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-0565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London\u2020","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081690519"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.444599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.444599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13532","display_name":"Education Systems and Policy","score":0.2741999924182892,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.19979999959468842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apprenticeship","display_name":"apprenticeship","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labour-market-entry","display_name":"labour market entry","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apprenticeship-vacancies","display_name":"apprenticeship vacancies","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-choice","display_name":"educational choice","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-training","display_name":"access to training","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instrumental-variables","display_name":"instrumental variables","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-open-economy-model","display_name":"small open economy model","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-shocks","display_name":"price shocks","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market-outcomes","display_name":"labor market outcomes","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-the-job-learning","display_name":"on-the-job learning","score":0.6850000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107806365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253567","display_name":"Apprenticeship","level":2,"score":0.9627793431282043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C668760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6869278","display_name":"Vocational education","level":2,"score":0.7565211057662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.6597267985343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.589288055896759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.586808443069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.5337772369384766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C774472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760393","display_name":"Margin (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.5163322687149048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780438764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4261734","display_name":"Youth unemployment","level":3,"score":0.5000865459442139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4981095790863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.47505661845207214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4500749409198761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162144332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665305","display_name":"Instrumental variable","level":2,"score":0.449779212474823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.41402098536491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.17442357540130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.141801118850708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1321057379245758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.11046662926673889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145655","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/145655/1/VfS_2016_pid_6604.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/145655/1/VfS_2016_pid_6604.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/145655","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/145655","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/145655","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.192.6054","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.192.6054","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ucl.ac.uk/%7Euctpy01/files/training.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.230.9490","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.230.9490","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cep.lse.ac.uk/seminarpapers/09-03-12-MP.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2598746472","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cep.lse.ac.uk/seminarpapers/09-03-12-MP.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:econstor.eu:10419/145655","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/145655","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10419/145655","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401696","display_name":"Econstor (Econstor)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2598746472.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2598746472.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145566299","https://openalex.org/W278871832","https://openalex.org/W296675188","https://openalex.org/W1149057914","https://openalex.org/W1490495241","https://openalex.org/W1492998866","https://openalex.org/W1508348024","https://openalex.org/W1534049790","https://openalex.org/W1548380465","https://openalex.org/W1561655561","https://openalex.org/W1563659256","https://openalex.org/W1567762635","https://openalex.org/W1576324128","https://openalex.org/W1593952163","https://openalex.org/W1968333721","https://openalex.org/W1971310904","https://openalex.org/W1980412904","https://openalex.org/W1982445759","https://openalex.org/W1984208240","https://openalex.org/W2009729418","https://openalex.org/W2011563394","https://openalex.org/W2024676754","https://openalex.org/W2030763233","https://openalex.org/W2036482370","https://openalex.org/W2040202717","https://openalex.org/W2045743479","https://openalex.org/W2050439291","https://openalex.org/W2078658856","https://openalex.org/W2083485815","https://openalex.org/W2104780889","https://openalex.org/W2120837254","https://openalex.org/W2124400200","https://openalex.org/W2140849229","https://openalex.org/W2141338891","https://openalex.org/W2144579284","https://openalex.org/W2166886206","https://openalex.org/W2171015595","https://openalex.org/W2189150043","https://openalex.org/W2323614743","https://openalex.org/W2324065024","https://openalex.org/W2480565453","https://openalex.org/W2889772781","https://openalex.org/W2890683413","https://openalex.org/W2974347936","https://openalex.org/W3044348100","https://openalex.org/W3121366158","https://openalex.org/W3121629859","https://openalex.org/W3121956877","https://openalex.org/W3122531453","https://openalex.org/W3123097516","https://openalex.org/W3123143221","https://openalex.org/W3124227696","https://openalex.org/W3124690683","https://openalex.org/W3125012484","https://openalex.org/W3125400058","https://openalex.org/W3125414722","https://openalex.org/W4246607039"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095572606","https://openalex.org/W1984208240","https://openalex.org/W7065384896","https://openalex.org/W99128455","https://openalex.org/W2088610045","https://openalex.org/W4388907218","https://openalex.org/W2199282609","https://openalex.org/W1493575831","https://openalex.org/W4321440936","https://openalex.org/W290486728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"to":[1,42,101,148,162,172,227,234,248],"best":[2],"prepare":[3],"non-college":[4],"bound":[5],"youth":[6],"for":[7,123],"the":[8,43,55,63,83,132,182,221,232,260],"labor":[9,103,107,156,223],"market?":[10],"Different":[11],"approaches":[12],"compete":[13],"in":[14,59,78,114,121,203,237,251,266],"this":[15,51,95,146,151,178],"field,":[16],"including":[17],"firm-based":[18,168],"apprenticeships,":[19],"full-time":[20,140],"vocational":[21,142,228],"schooling,":[22],"and":[23,35,139,216,257],"on-the-job":[24],"learning.":[25],"Little":[26],"is":[27,110],"known":[28],"about":[29],"how":[30,119,150],"effective":[31],"these":[32,208],"methods":[33],"are,":[34],"comparisons":[36],"of":[37,45,86,214,254,262],"means":[38],"are":[39,246],"uninformative":[40],"due":[41],"selection":[44],"individuals":[46,65,134],"into":[47],"different":[48],"streams.":[49],"In":[50],"paper,":[52],"we":[53,258],"exploit":[54,145],"idea":[56],"that":[57,130,167,185,207,217],"variation":[58,120,147],"apprenticeship":[60,137,169,218],"availability":[61],"affects":[62,125,154],"opportunities":[64],"have":[66,188],"when":[67],"they":[68],"grow":[69],"up.":[70],"We":[71,117,128,144,197,230],"present":[72],"a":[73,89,189,252,267],"small":[74],"open":[75],"economy":[76],"model":[77],"which":[79,109,192],"price":[80],"shocks":[81,236],"affect":[82],"local":[84],"number":[85,253],"apprentices,":[87],"without":[88],"differential":[90],"effect":[91],"on":[92,241],"factor":[93],"rewards;":[94],"motivates":[96],"an":[97,238],"instrumental":[98],"variable":[99],"strategy":[100],"compare":[102],"market":[104,157,224],"outcomes":[105,158],"between":[106,136],"types,":[108],"implemented":[111],"exploiting":[112],"differences":[113,202],"training":[115,138,170,219],"availability.":[116],"document":[118],"vacancies":[122],"apprenticeships":[124],"educational":[126],"choice.":[127],"show":[129,166],"at":[131,159],"margin,":[133],"substitute":[135],"school-based":[141],"training.":[143],"study":[149],"formation":[152],"period":[153],"later":[155],"ages":[160],"23":[161],"26.":[163],"Our":[164,244],"results":[165,245],"leads":[171],"substantially":[173],"lower":[174],"unemployment":[175],"rates;":[176],"investigating":[177],"pattern":[179],"over":[180,195],"time,":[181],"evidence":[183],"indicates":[184],"former":[186],"apprentices":[187],"transitory":[190],"advantage":[191],"fades":[193],"out":[194],"time.":[196],"do":[198],"not":[199],"find":[200],"significant":[201],"wages.":[204],"This":[205],"suggests":[206],"alternatives":[209],"confer":[210],"similar":[211],"overall":[212],"levels":[213],"productivity,":[215],"improves":[220],"early":[222],"attachment":[225],"relative":[226],"schooling.":[229],"investigate":[231,259],"responsiveness":[233],"negative":[235],"experiment":[239],"based":[240],"firm":[242],"closures.":[243],"found":[247],"be":[249],"robust":[250],"specification":[255],"checks,":[256],"validity":[261],"our":[263],"functional":[264],"form":[265],"semiparametric":[268],"analysis.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-04-07T00:00:00"}