{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2592879377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","title":"The Second Line of Defense","display_name":"The Second Line of Defense","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2592879377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","mag":"2592879377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464187","display_name":"University of North Carolina Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315743","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315743"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of North Carolina Press"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},"volume":null,"type":"book","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063650182","display_name":"Lynn Dumenil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lynn Dumenil","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063650182"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7981,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88509804,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11971","display_name":"World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact","score":0.7616999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11971","display_name":"World Wars: History, Literature, and Impact","score":0.7616999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14238","display_name":"Historical Gender and Feminism Studies","score":0.2199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14190","display_name":"Military history and social perspectives","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-war-i","display_name":"World War I","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-women","display_name":"American women","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-woman","display_name":"New Woman","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-in-the-military","display_name":"women in the military","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-citizenship","display_name":"women's citizenship","score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-roles","display_name":"gender roles","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-women","display_name":"African American women","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pacifism","display_name":"pacifism","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-reform-movements","display_name":"women's reform movements","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-factory-workers","display_name":"female factory workers","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-nurses","display_name":"female nurses","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-employment","display_name":"women's employment","score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popular-culture","display_name":"popular culture","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.418678343296051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16143199801445007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.001.0001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464187","display_name":"University of North Carolina Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315743","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315743"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of North Carolina Press"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"monograph"},{"id":"doi:10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.003.0005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.003.0005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631219.003.0005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306464187","display_name":"University of North Carolina Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315743","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315743"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of North Carolina Press"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Second Line of Defense","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9843000173568726,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2619093523","https://openalex.org/W2802081988","https://openalex.org/W2976908049","https://openalex.org/W2063146546","https://openalex.org/W4391761750","https://openalex.org/W2280711508","https://openalex.org/W2942253527","https://openalex.org/W2482565492","https://openalex.org/W2008495810","https://openalex.org/W7204250070"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"tracing":[1],"the":[2,5,9,29,32,52,61,67,72,77,115,173,177,184],"rise":[3],"of":[4,8,34,38,110,117,128,158,164,176,183],"modern":[6,131],"idea":[7],"American":[10,165],"\u201cnew":[11],"woman,\u201d":[12],"Lynn":[13],"Dumenil":[14,49,80,124],"examines":[15],"World":[16],"War":[17],"I\u2019s":[18],"surprising":[19],"impact":[20,27,116],"on":[21,28,120],"women":[22,65,83,132,166],"and,":[23],"in":[24,63,76,113,172],"turn,":[25],"women\u2019s":[26],"war.":[30],"Telling":[31],"stories":[33],"a":[35,161],"diverse":[36],"group":[37],"women,":[39],"including":[40],"African":[41],"Americans,":[42],"dissidents,":[43],"pacifists,":[44],"reformers,":[45],"and":[46,54,103,139,144,167,169,180],"industrial":[47],"workers,":[48],"analyzes":[50],"both":[51],"roadblocks":[53],"opportunities":[55],"they":[56],"faced.":[57],"She":[58],"richly":[59],"explores":[60],"ways":[62],"which":[64],"helped":[66],"United":[68],"States":[69],"mobilize":[70],"for":[71],"largest":[73],"military":[74],"endeavor":[75],"nation\u2019s":[78],"history.":[79],"shows":[81],"how":[82],"activists":[84],"staked":[85],"their":[86,93],"claim":[87],"to":[88],"loyal":[89],"citizenship":[90],"by":[91],"framing":[92],"war":[94,168],"work":[95],"as":[96,106,150,152],"homefront":[97],"volunteers,":[98],"overseas":[99],"nurses,":[100],"factory":[101],"laborers,":[102],"support":[104],"personnel":[105],"\u201cthe":[107],"second":[108],"line":[109],"defense.\u201d":[111],"But":[112],"assessing":[114],"these":[118,129],"contributions":[119],"traditional":[121],"gender":[122],"roles,":[123],"finds":[125],"that":[126],"portrayals":[127],"new":[130],"did":[133],"not":[134],"always":[135],"match":[136],"with":[137],"real":[138],"enduring":[140],"change.":[141],"Extensively":[142],"researched":[143],"drawing":[145],"upon":[146],"popular":[147],"culture":[148],"sources":[149],"well":[151],"archival":[153],"material,":[154],"The":[155],"Second":[156],"Line":[157],"Defense":[159],"offers":[160],"comprehensive":[162],"study":[163],"frames":[170],"them":[171],"broader":[174],"context":[175],"social,":[178],"cultural,":[179],"political":[181],"history":[182],"era.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-03-16T00:00:00"}
