{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2592029949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","title":"Academic spin-offs for the local economy growth","display_name":"Academic spin-offs for the local economy growth","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2592029949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","mag":"2592029949"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","pdf_url":"https://www.virtusinterpress.org/spip.php?action=telecharger&arg=8340&hash=5aec971db7d5b3e25286901a3ff7b6bdf1f0752e","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2798341630","display_name":"Corporate Ownership and Control","issn_l":"1727-9232","issn":["1727-9232","1810-0368","1810-3057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322050","host_organization_name":"Publishing house \"Virtus Interpress\"","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322050"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Publishing house \"Virtus Interpress\""],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Corporate Ownership and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.virtusinterpress.org/spip.php?action=telecharger&arg=8340&hash=5aec971db7d5b3e25286901a3ff7b6bdf1f0752e","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038280875","display_name":"Ada Carlesi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-2545","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-2545"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ada Carlesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9249-2545","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058707993","display_name":"Giovanna Mariani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-7623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-7623"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanna Mariani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-7623","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072590319","display_name":"Alfredo Antonino Scarf\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-9670","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-9670"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfredo Antonino Scarf\u00f2","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-9670","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics and Management, University of Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7171,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86557864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"350","last_page":"359"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13406","display_name":"Human Resources and Workforce","score":0.017899999395012856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-spin-offs","display_name":"university spin-offs","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-economic-growth","display_name":"local economic growth","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurship","display_name":"entrepreneurship","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-start-up","display_name":"startups","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-transfer","display_name":"technology transfer","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-mission-of-universities","display_name":"third mission of universities","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-finance","display_name":"access to finance","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-skills","display_name":"management skills","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-management","display_name":"financial management","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-creation","display_name":"job creation","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-market-union","display_name":"capital market union","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/innovation-financing","display_name":"innovation financing","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-of-pisa","display_name":"University of Pisa","score":0.9660000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992649737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283308","display_name":"Spin offs","level":2,"score":0.7651614546775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.7359510660171509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422638","display_name":"Action plan","level":2,"score":0.5298519134521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5117497444152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5092240571975708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.4625150263309479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984743219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129238","display_name":"Start up","level":2,"score":0.45815005898475647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992540694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Job creation","level":2,"score":0.417961984872818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3861224055290222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34567344188690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.32396966218948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.27244967222213745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.18368226289749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.15229812264442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178550888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2043282","display_name":"Business administration","level":1,"score":0.12790533900260925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","pdf_url":"https://www.virtusinterpress.org/spip.php?action=telecharger&arg=8340&hash=5aec971db7d5b3e25286901a3ff7b6bdf1f0752e","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2798341630","display_name":"Corporate Ownership and Control","issn_l":"1727-9232","issn":["1727-9232","1810-0368","1810-3057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322050","host_organization_name":"Publishing house \"Virtus Interpress\"","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322050"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Publishing house \"Virtus Interpress\""],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Corporate Ownership and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/850347","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/850347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i2c2p8","pdf_url":"https://www.virtusinterpress.org/spip.php?action=telecharger&arg=8340&hash=5aec971db7d5b3e25286901a3ff7b6bdf1f0752e","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2798341630","display_name":"Corporate Ownership and Control","issn_l":"1727-9232","issn":["1727-9232","1810-0368","1810-3057"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","norway-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322050","host_organization_name":"Publishing house \"Virtus Interpress\"","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322050"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Publishing house \"Virtus Interpress\""],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Corporate Ownership and Control","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2592029949.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2592029949.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W84412173","https://openalex.org/W1487321489","https://openalex.org/W1507415920","https://openalex.org/W1576117761","https://openalex.org/W1971734261","https://openalex.org/W1979421413","https://openalex.org/W2029597841","https://openalex.org/W2036137344","https://openalex.org/W2049007257","https://openalex.org/W2049511910","https://openalex.org/W2076069975","https://openalex.org/W2076872110","https://openalex.org/W2078051598","https://openalex.org/W2100029842","https://openalex.org/W2120034389","https://openalex.org/W2131464111","https://openalex.org/W2134786537","https://openalex.org/W2137664256","https://openalex.org/W2140417577","https://openalex.org/W2144913747","https://openalex.org/W2155314463","https://openalex.org/W2157627104","https://openalex.org/W2158591004","https://openalex.org/W2161174767","https://openalex.org/W2171890279","https://openalex.org/W2239408675","https://openalex.org/W2274024015","https://openalex.org/W2274499671","https://openalex.org/W2465534575","https://openalex.org/W2560485091","https://openalex.org/W3122642094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7113169437","https://openalex.org/W3121594535","https://openalex.org/W6990058824","https://openalex.org/W6987395385","https://openalex.org/W2229377230","https://openalex.org/W7015587668","https://openalex.org/W3124641048","https://openalex.org/W4320524141","https://openalex.org/W3211363375","https://openalex.org/W4296701477"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Some":[0],"research":[1,136],"supports":[2],"the":[3,20,27,39,69,118,127,131,140,145,150,154,164,202,207,210,221],"suggestion":[4],"that":[5,174],"start-ups":[6,67],"can":[7,89],"represent":[8],"a":[9,32,53,78],"driver":[10],"in":[11,26,124,153,170],"job":[12],"creation,":[13],"economic":[14],"growth,":[15],"innovation":[16,48],"and":[17,25,61,68,92,112,157],"competitiveness.":[18],"In":[19,126,201],"Entrepreneurship":[21],"2020":[22],"Action":[23,28],"Plan":[24,29],"on":[30,95,137,181],"Building":[31],"Capital":[33,211],"Market":[34],"Union":[35,213],"(2015),":[36],"one":[37],"of":[38,80,108,114,121,133,139,142,163,193,209,223],"main":[40,119],"actions":[41,214],"is":[42],"promoting":[43,216],"entrepreneurship,":[44],"to":[45,51,57,104,110,147,160],"support":[46,66],"financing":[47],"for":[49,218,220],"start-ups,":[50],"develop":[52],"capital":[54,162],"market":[55,212],"able":[56],"stimulate":[58],"new":[59,81,186],"business":[60],"their":[62,158,168,199],"growth.":[63,171],"Policy":[64],"makers":[65],"university":[70],"promote":[71],"its":[72],"3rd":[73],"mission,":[74],"technology":[75],"transfer,":[76],"with":[77,83,144,185],"policy":[79],"businesses,":[82],"academic":[84,175,224],"spin-offs":[85,88,176],"(ASOs).":[86],"Academic":[87],"produce":[90],"direct":[91],"indirect":[93],"benefits":[94,151],"local":[96,155,182],"economies,":[97,183],"but":[98,166,188],"these":[99],"companies":[100],"encounter":[101],"many":[102],"difficulties":[103,107,169],"develop.":[105],"The":[106],"access":[109],"finance":[111],"lack":[113],"managerial":[115],"skills":[116],"are":[117],"constraints":[120],"growth":[122,222],"identified":[123],"literature.":[125],"paper,":[128],"we":[129,204],"describe":[130],"results":[132],"an":[134],"empirical":[135],"spin\u2013offs":[138],"University":[141],"Pisa,":[143],"purpose":[146],"capture":[148],"both":[149],"generated":[152],"area":[156],"contribution":[159],"relation":[161],"university,":[165],"also":[167],"We":[172],"found":[173],"have":[177],"produced":[178],"important":[179],"effects":[180],"especially":[184],"jobs,":[187],"they":[189],"reveal":[190],"some":[191],"criticisms":[192],"financial":[194],"management":[195],"behavior,":[196],"which":[197],"hampers":[198],"development.":[200],"conclusion,":[203],"debate":[205],"about":[206],"role":[208],"by":[215],"\u201cfinancing":[217],"innovation\u201d":[219],"spin-offs.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2017-03-16T00:00:00"}
