{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2587970448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600040403","title":"Masks as Agents of Social Control","display_name":"Masks as Agents of Social Control","publication_year":1962,"publication_date":"1962-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2587970448","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600040403","mag":"2587970448"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0002020600040403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600040403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600040403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196489185","display_name":"African Studies Review","issn_l":"0002-0206","issn":["0002-0206","1555-2462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Studies Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2587970448"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073641625","display_name":"Roy Sieber","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roy Sieber","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of Iowa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of Iowa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073641625"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"02","first_page":"8","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.5770999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14395","display_name":"African history and culture studies","score":0.5770999789237976,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3314","display_name":"Anthropology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13860","display_name":"Arts and Performance Studies","score":0.29269999265670776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12680","display_name":"Cultural and Mythological Studies","score":0.030700000002980232,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1200","display_name":"General Arts and Humanities"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masks","display_name":"masks","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-control","display_name":"social control","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-african-art","display_name":"traditional African art","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-and-religion","display_name":"art and religion","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-sculpture","display_name":"African sculpture","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bambara","display_name":"Bambara","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancestor-worship","display_name":"ancestor veneration","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ritual","display_name":"ritual","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-values","display_name":"social values","score":0.4399999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778757428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250464","display_name":"Realm","level":2,"score":0.8823690414428711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67805463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11634","display_name":"Sculpture","level":2,"score":0.7838382720947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776134716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179723","display_name":"Sacrifice","level":2,"score":0.7303997278213501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.655469536781311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27070331","display_name":"Honor","level":2,"score":0.6228165030479431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40953","display_name":"Prayer","level":2,"score":0.5492284297943115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4963892102241516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.46942809224128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992884035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551229","display_name":"Social life","level":2,"score":0.4153355360031128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.30364370346069336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.25472182035446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.20831656455993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.20693114399909973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.18408286571502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.10039293766021729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09889084100723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24667770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34187","display_name":"Religious studies","level":1,"score":0.08902615308761597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0002020600040403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600040403","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600040403","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196489185","display_name":"African Studies Review","issn_l":"0002-0206","issn":["0002-0206","1555-2462"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Studies Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/523143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/523143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/523143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210220884","display_name":"African Studies Bulletin","issn_l":"0568-1537","issn":["0568-1537","2326-3083"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"African Studies Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2589049462","https://openalex.org/W4293199145","https://openalex.org/W2038517044","https://openalex.org/W369086865","https://openalex.org/W7113705052","https://openalex.org/W2489252595","https://openalex.org/W2021940099","https://openalex.org/W2729264521","https://openalex.org/W2889631523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Traditional":[0],"African":[1],"art":[2,46],"for":[3,26],"the":[4,42,60,100,119,146,155,171,173,188,213,216],"most":[5,90],"part":[6],"was":[7,110],"more":[8,43,61],"closely":[9,44,92],"integrated":[10],"with":[11,198],"other":[12],"aspects":[13],"of":[14,55,84,102,121,157,215],"life":[15],"than":[16],"those":[17,95,113],"which":[18,117],"might":[19,75],"be":[20,77,196],"described":[21,78],"as":[22,30,58,79,137],"purely":[23],"esthetic.":[24],"Art":[25],"art's":[27],"sake":[28],"\u2014":[29],"a":[31,51,82,178,181],"governing":[32],"esthetic":[33],"concept\u2014seems":[34],"not":[35,195],"to":[36,50,94,99,112,145,152,190],"have":[37],"existed":[38],"in":[39,89,131,140,154,211],"Africa.":[40],"Indeed,":[41],"an":[45],"form":[47],"is":[48,64,138],"related":[49],"major":[52],"non-esthetic":[53],"aspect":[54],"culture":[56],"such":[57,66],"religion,":[59],"distant":[62],"it":[63],"from":[65,164],"separatist":[67],"philosophical":[68],"concepts.":[69],"In":[70,107],"fact":[71],"traditional":[72],"Africati":[73],"sculpture":[74,109],"best":[76],"based":[80],"on":[81],"concept":[83],"art-for-life's":[85],"sake.":[86],"It":[87],"was,":[88],"cases,":[91],"allied":[93],"cultural":[96],"mechanisms":[97],"dedicated":[98],"maintenance":[101],"order":[103],"and":[104,123,134,160,187],"well":[105],"being.":[106],"short,":[108],"oriented":[111],"social":[114],"values":[115,127],"upon":[116],"depended":[118],"sense":[120],"individual":[122],"tribal":[124],"security.":[125],"These":[126],"were":[128],"often":[129],"formalized":[130],"exceedingly":[132],"practical":[133],"commonsense":[135],"terms,":[136],"demonstrated":[139],"this":[141,150],"Bambara":[142],"prayer":[143],"addressed":[144],"ancestors:":[147],"I":[148],"sacrifice":[149],"hen":[151],"you":[153],"name":[156],"my":[158],"children":[159,186],"myself.":[161],"Protect":[162],"us":[163,168,177],"all":[165],"evil.":[166],"Give":[167],"rain":[169],"at":[170],"time":[172],"rains":[174],"begin;":[175],"give":[176],"good":[179],"harvest,":[180],"happy":[182,207],"old":[183],"age,":[184],"women,":[185],"health":[189],"cultivate":[191],"our":[192],"fields.":[193],"Do":[194],"angry":[197],"us.":[199],"We":[200],"love":[201],"you,":[202],"we":[203],"honor":[204],"you.":[205],"Be":[206],"during":[208],"your":[209],"sojourn":[210],"Lehara,":[212],"realm":[214],"invisible.":[217],"(Kjersmeier":[218],"1935:":[219],"15).":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2017-02-24T00:00:00"}
