{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2586779011","doi":null,"title":"A Review on Parkinson's Disease","display_name":"A Review on Parkinson's Disease","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2586779011","mag":"2586779011"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2586779011","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.rroij.com/open-access/a-review-on-parkinsons-disease-.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765056216","display_name":"Research and reviews : journal of medical and health sciences/Research an reviews : journal of medical and health sciences","issn_l":"2319-9865","issn":["2319-9865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research and reviews : journal of medical and health sciences/Research an reviews : journal of medical and health sciences","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011709032","display_name":"Abdulrazag M. Ajlan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1725-339X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1725-339X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrazag Ajlan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011709032"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0926,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0830303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2016","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10919","display_name":"Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13991","display_name":"Nuclear Receptors and Signaling","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lewy-bodies","display_name":"Lewy bodies","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dopaminergic-neuron-degeneration","display_name":"dopaminergic neuron loss","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substantia-nigra","display_name":"substantia nigra","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-motor-symptoms","display_name":"non-motor symptoms","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegeneration","display_name":"neurodegeneration","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-and-environmental-risk-factors","display_name":"genetic and environmental risk factors","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-diagnosis","display_name":"early diagnosis","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-management","display_name":"disease management","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779734285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11085","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","level":3,"score":0.8391309976577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278","display_name":"Substantia nigra","level":4,"score":0.83204185962677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776525014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1531991","display_name":"Parkinsonism","level":3,"score":0.7572976350784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.7438312768936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.6424611806869507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018987647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3221083","display_name":"Motor symptoms","level":4,"score":0.5119155645370483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137183658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461076","display_name":"Dopaminergic","level":3,"score":0.4808402955532074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3982163071632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3932432532310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513476851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170304","display_name":"Dopamine","level":2,"score":0.2627834677696228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.21037569642066956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2586779011","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.rroij.com/open-access/a-review-on-parkinsons-disease-.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765056216","display_name":"Research and reviews : journal of medical and health sciences/Research an reviews : journal of medical and health sciences","issn_l":"2319-9865","issn":["2319-9865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research and reviews : journal of medical and health sciences/Research an reviews : journal of medical and health sciences","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038274451","https://openalex.org/W2057649946","https://openalex.org/W2074112508","https://openalex.org/W2075724739","https://openalex.org/W2078244648","https://openalex.org/W2104406175","https://openalex.org/W2108901766","https://openalex.org/W2112455323","https://openalex.org/W2145954079","https://openalex.org/W2315712516","https://openalex.org/W2322912881","https://openalex.org/W2336133136","https://openalex.org/W2531872507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4211123396","https://openalex.org/W213694004","https://openalex.org/W4410996161","https://openalex.org/W6893372513","https://openalex.org/W4386294193","https://openalex.org/W2129917779","https://openalex.org/W7204557554","https://openalex.org/W4415302502","https://openalex.org/W4409866285","https://openalex.org/W2903980241"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT\r\nParkinson's":[0],"disease":[1,41,76,85,98,122],"is":[2,42,86,123],"a":[3,105,129,133],"neurological":[4],"issue":[5],"with":[6,25,47],"developing":[7],"layers":[8],"of":[9,22,30,39,58,81,93,104,108,120,141,149],"multifaceted":[10],"nature.":[11],"It":[12],"has":[13],"long":[14],"been":[15],"portrayed":[16],"by":[17,125],"the":[18,34,59,137,142,147],"classical":[19],"motor":[20],"features":[21],"Parkinsonism":[23],"connected":[24],"Lewy":[26,70],"bodies":[27],"and":[28,64,110,144],"loss":[29],"dopaminergic":[31],"neurons":[32],"in":[33,146],"substantia":[35],"nigra.":[36],"However,":[37],"symptomatology":[38],"Parkinson's":[40,75,84,97,121],"presently":[43],"perceived":[44],"as":[45,90],"heterogeneous,":[46],"clinically":[48],"significant":[49],"non-motor":[50],"features.":[51],"Correspondingly,":[52],"its":[53],"pathology":[54],"includes":[55],"broad":[56],"regions":[57],"sensory":[60],"system,":[61],"different":[62],"neurotransmitters,":[63],"protein":[65],"totals":[66],"other":[67],"than":[68],"just":[69],"bodies.":[71],"The":[72,118],"reason":[73],"for":[74],"stays":[77],"obscure,":[78],"yet":[79],"danger":[80],"building":[82],"up":[83],"no":[87],"more":[88],"seen":[89],"fundamentally":[91],"because":[92,103],"environmental":[94,111],"factors.":[95],"Rather,":[96],"appears":[99],"to":[100,131],"come":[101],"about":[102],"complicated":[106],"interaction":[107],"hereditary":[109],"factors":[112],"influencing":[113],"various":[114],"major":[115],"cell":[116],"forms.":[117],"unpredictability":[119],"accompanied":[124],"clinical":[126],"difficulties,":[127],"including":[128],"failure":[130],"make":[132],"conclusive":[134],"determination":[135],"at":[136,151],"most":[138],"punctual":[139],"phase":[140],"sickness":[143],"troubles":[145],"management":[148],"indications":[150],"later":[152],"stages.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2017-02-17T00:00:00"}