{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2586083574","doi":null,"title":"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644","display_name":"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0643\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2586083574","mag":"2586083574"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2586083574","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/12082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306537516","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076236933","display_name":"\u0623.\u0628\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206961696","display_name":"University of Biskra","ror":"https://ror.org/05fr5y859","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206961696"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0623.\u0628\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0629","raw_affiliation_strings":["\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206961696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076236933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206961696"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.46092176,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"555","last_page":"567"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12669","display_name":"Comparative International Legal Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12669","display_name":"Comparative International Legal Studies","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12982","display_name":"Legal principles and applications","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12374","display_name":"European and International Contract Law","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error","display_name":"error","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contractual-liability","display_name":"contractual liability","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contractor-liability","display_name":"contractor liability","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contract-law","display_name":"contract law","score":0.6019999980926514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2636770009994507}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2586083574","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.asjp.cerist.dz/en/article/12082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306537516","display_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6601999998092651,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411808985","https://openalex.org/W2901354815","https://openalex.org/W2580991997","https://openalex.org/W7212944262","https://openalex.org/W4411877071","https://openalex.org/W7135289462","https://openalex.org/W2760279099","https://openalex.org/W4411785089","https://openalex.org/W2911874138","https://openalex.org/W7165758146"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2017-02-17T00:00:00"}