{"id":"https://openalex.org/W258519","doi":null,"title":"Unified theory of filamentous activated sludge bulking","display_name":"Unified theory of filamentous activated sludge bulking","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W258519","mag":"258519"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:258519","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25039548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130511131","display_name":"Water Environment Research","issn_l":"0043-1303","issn":["0043-1303","1061-4303","1554-7531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J. Water Pollut. Control Fed.; (United States)","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034320499","display_name":"Mesut Sezgin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mesut Sezgin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"D. Jenkins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-2389","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-2389"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Jenkins","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4475-2389","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040051242","display_name":"Denny S. Parker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denny Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3240},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":220,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93025404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10564","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10564","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filamentous-bulking","display_name":"filamentous bulking","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activated-sludge","display_name":"activated sludge","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filamentous-microorganisms","display_name":"filamentous microorganisms","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filament-length","display_name":"filament length","score":0.6510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sludge-volume-index","display_name":"sludge volume index","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chlorine","display_name":"chlorine","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-peroxide","display_name":"hydrogen peroxide","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-treatment","display_name":"wastewater treatment","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777730692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815353","display_name":"Activated sludge","level":3,"score":0.7651609182357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86922832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381105","display_name":"Aeration","level":2,"score":0.7263894081115723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.6822273135185242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40062133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3646835","display_name":"Sludge bulking","level":4,"score":0.6479828953742981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94562577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878487","display_name":"Segmented filamentous bacteria","level":4,"score":0.6183081269264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173209714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q923906","display_name":"Settling","level":2,"score":0.61800217628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5486409068107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.49380454421043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4661105275154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14228908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920483","display_name":"Protein filament","level":2,"score":0.4540553390979767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39833","display_name":"Microorganism","level":3,"score":0.4216483533382416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4203709363937378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.3709336519241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35272854566574097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57442070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221275","display_name":"Sewage treatment","level":2,"score":0.352047324180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.22672343254089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.14632734656333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.11571970582008362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:258519","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/25039548","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S130511131","display_name":"Water Environment Research","issn_l":"0043-1303","issn":["0043-1303","1061-4303","1554-7531"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"J. Water Pollut. Control Fed.; (United States)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6618000268936157,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254577","https://openalex.org/W787239144","https://openalex.org/W949457809","https://openalex.org/W1522649175","https://openalex.org/W1856219842","https://openalex.org/W1926173686","https://openalex.org/W1968675064","https://openalex.org/W2468663229","https://openalex.org/W2478763506","https://openalex.org/W2757250617","https://openalex.org/W2920858213","https://openalex.org/W2984748614","https://openalex.org/W3036194944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2001130525","https://openalex.org/W995695737","https://openalex.org/W2478763506","https://openalex.org/W2268089309","https://openalex.org/W2358552721","https://openalex.org/W2292690045","https://openalex.org/W1509594540","https://openalex.org/W2383526960","https://openalex.org/W1205714460","https://openalex.org/W7009527805"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Filamentous":[0],"microorganisms":[1,37],"play":[2],"an":[3],"important":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,73,116],"determining":[7],"the":[8,26,44,68],"physical":[9],"properties":[10],"of":[11,16,43,71,76,81,102,118,120,124],"activated":[12,19,103],"sludge.":[13,77,100],"The":[14,141],"outgrowth":[15],"filaments":[17,72],"from":[18],"sludge":[20,54,61,96,104],"flocs":[21],"occurs":[22],"when":[23],"conditions":[24,47],"within":[25],"floc":[27,49,136],"interior":[28,50],"allow":[29],"for":[30,35,39],"a":[31,74,88,93,98,131,135],"higher":[32],"growth":[33],"rate":[34],"filamentous":[36,94],"than":[38],"zoogleal":[40],"microorganisms.":[41],"One":[42],"common":[45],"limiting":[46],"is":[48,87],"dissolved":[51,143],"oxygen.":[52],"Activated":[53],"zone":[55],"settling":[56],"velocity":[57],"compact":[58],"volume":[59,62],"and":[60,97,110,129,134,156,160,163],"index":[63],"can":[64,113],"be":[65,114],"related":[66],"to":[67,146],"total":[69],"length":[70,80],"milliliter":[75,86],"A":[78],"filament":[79,139],"10/sup":[82],"7/":[83],"microns":[84],"per":[85],"good":[89],"dividing":[90],"point":[91],"between":[92],"bulking":[95,105,148],"nonbulking":[99],"Control":[101],"by":[106],"toxic":[107],"chemicals":[108],"(chlorine":[109],"hydrogen":[111],"peroxide)":[112],"interpreted":[115],"terms":[117],"destruction":[119],"exposed":[121],"filaments.":[122],"Overdosing":[123],"toxicant":[125],"destroy":[126],"all":[127],"filaments,":[128],"produces":[130],"turbid":[132],"effluent":[133],"with":[137,150],"no":[138],"backbone.":[140],"critical":[142],"oxygen":[144],"level":[145],"prevent":[147],"varies":[149],"factors":[151],"such":[152],"as":[153],"waste":[154],"character":[155],"strength,":[157],"reactor":[158],"configuration":[159],"aeration":[161],"system,":[162],"temperature.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
