{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2582289959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","title":"Comparison of Enoxaparin to the Thrombin Variant Protein C Activator, W215A/E217A, in a Primate Model of Thrombosis.","display_name":"Comparison of Enoxaparin to the Thrombin Variant Protein C Activator, W215A/E217A, in a Primate Model of Thrombosis.","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2582289959","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","mag":"2582289959"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084568262","display_name":"Ulla M. Marzec","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ulla M. Marzec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064218588","display_name":"Leslie A. Bush","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie Bush","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036237322","display_name":"Andr\u00e1s Gruber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2247","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2247"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andras Gruber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110910994","display_name":"Stephen R. Hanson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165690674","display_name":"Oregon Health & Science University","ror":"https://ror.org/009avj582","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen R. Hanson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046701540","display_name":"Enrico Di","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2300-4891","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2300-4891"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrico Di Cera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084568262"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165690674"],"apc_list":{"value":5500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62048048,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"106","issue":"11","first_page":"1868","last_page":"1868"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10881","display_name":"Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10881","display_name":"Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10993","display_name":"Complement system in diseases","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11116","display_name":"Trauma, Hemostasis, Coagulopathy, Resuscitation","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2706","display_name":"Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enoxaparin","display_name":"enoxaparin","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-c-activation","display_name":"protein C activation","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thrombomodulin","display_name":"thrombomodulin","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antithrombotic-therapy","display_name":"antithrombotic therapy","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platelet-thrombus-formation","display_name":"platelet thrombus formation","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fibrin-deposition","display_name":"fibrin deposition","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-molecular-weight-heparin","display_name":"low molecular weight heparin","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-graft-thrombosis","display_name":"vascular graft thrombosis","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baboon-model","display_name":"baboon model","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wall-shear-rate","display_name":"wall shear rate","score":0.6869999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201267052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q414446","display_name":"Thrombomodulin","level":4,"score":0.6035482883453369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6019423007965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781362458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1588755","display_name":"Thrombus","level":2,"score":0.5877494812011719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54173615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27205","display_name":"Fibrin","level":2,"score":0.5290398001670837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777015399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4775337","display_name":"Antithrombotic","level":2,"score":0.5102570056915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89560881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101026","display_name":"Platelet","level":2,"score":0.4904884994029999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261327","display_name":"Thrombosis","level":2,"score":0.47209566831588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780011451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751330","display_name":"Venous thrombosis","level":3,"score":0.4627103805541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781287897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412810","display_name":"Protein C","level":2,"score":0.457004189491272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.4323664903640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777557582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190016","display_name":"Heparin","level":2,"score":0.4161972999572754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777292125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409166","display_name":"Thrombin","level":3,"score":0.3600318729877472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.34454143047332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.310295432806015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3061734139919281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2791045308113098}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.1868.1868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200071133","display_name":"Blood","issn_l":"0006-4971","issn":["0006-4971","1528-0020"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Blood","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2587924091","https://openalex.org/W2110399659","https://openalex.org/W1995340369","https://openalex.org/W2574491584","https://openalex.org/W2145166836","https://openalex.org/W3002553465","https://openalex.org/W2016646113","https://openalex.org/W7098281314","https://openalex.org/W2131382904","https://openalex.org/W2038681046"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Antithrombotic":[1],"therapy":[2],"by":[3,88,106,156,171,197,272,298,338,345,352,354,419],"thrombomodulin-dependent":[4],"activation":[5],"of":[6,50,95,124,132,160,205,234,261,376,382,398,445,456],"endogenous":[7,18,64],"protein":[8,20,52,65],"C":[9,21,53,66],"might":[10],"be":[11],"safer":[12],"than":[13,449],"currently":[14],"used":[15],"therapies,":[16],"since":[17],"activated":[19],"(APC)":[22],"is":[23,439],"generated":[24],"and":[25,32,47,142,177,218,230,250,270,275,281,301,336,340,356,403,411,414,422,429,441],"probably":[26],"concentrated":[27],"on":[28,67,324,363],"the":[29,38,45,68,135,145,203,206,265,296,308,315,320,364,377,386,417,453],"endothelial":[30,69],"surface":[31],"not":[33,371],"in":[34,71,80,120,134,144,255,264,295,319,452],"blood":[35,39,125],"that":[36,62,434],"escapes":[37],"vessels":[40],"during":[41],"injury.":[42],"We":[43,432],"compared":[44,224,284],"antithrombotic":[46,448],"antihemostatic":[48],"activities":[49],"a":[51,74,90,96,107,115,185],"selective":[54],"recombinant":[55],"double":[56],"mutant":[57],"human":[58],"thrombin":[59],"(W215A/E217A;":[60],"WE)":[61],"activates":[63],"surface,":[70],"vivo,":[72],"with":[73,374],"low":[75,435],"molecular":[76],"weight":[77],"heparin,":[78],"enoxaparin":[79,236,337,359,383,415,450],"awake":[81],"non":[82],"anticoagulated":[83],"baboons.":[84,121],"Thrombosis":[85],"was":[86,154,169,182,267,326,350,400],"initiated":[87],"interposing":[89],"two":[91,443],"part":[92],"device":[93],"consisting":[94],"2cm,":[97],"4mm":[98,136],"ID,":[99,113],"polyethylene":[100],"terephthalate":[101],"vascular":[102],"graft":[103],"(DVG)":[104],"followed":[105,196],"2cm":[108],"silicone":[109],"tubing":[110],"chamber,":[111],"9mm":[112],"into":[114],"chronic":[116],"femoral":[117],"arteriovenous":[118],"shunt":[119],"Upon":[122],"initiation":[123,195],"flow":[126],"at":[127,208,307,329,360,425],"100mL/min,":[128],"wall":[129],"shear":[130],"rate":[131],"265sec\u22121":[133],"ID":[137],"segment":[138],"(arterial":[139],"type":[140,149],"flow)":[141],"29sec\u22121":[143],"expansion":[146],"chamber":[147,266,297],"(venous":[148],"flow),":[150],"platelet":[151,262,316,346],"thrombus":[152,194],"growth":[153,323],"monitored":[155],"gamma":[157],"camera":[158],"imaging":[159],"autologous":[161],"111In-labeled":[162],"platelets":[163],"for":[164,202,277,333,358,380,406],"1":[165],"hour.":[166],"Fibrin":[167,312,348],"accumulation":[168,313,349],"quantified":[170],"homologous":[172],"125I-labeled":[173],"fibrinogen.":[174],"Bleeding":[175,368],"time":[176,388],"aPTT":[178],"were":[179,223],"monitored.":[180],"WE":[181,259,335,355,407,437],"administered":[183],"as":[184,343],"loading":[186,239],"IV":[187,235],"bolus":[188],"(1/3":[189],"dose)":[190,201],"10":[191],"minutes":[192,391],"before":[193],"maintenance":[198],"infusion":[199,438,451],"(2/3":[200],"duration":[204],"study":[207,257],"3":[209,232,282,309,332,362],"dose":[210,238,242,268,278,330,361,426,436],"levels:":[211],"1.8":[212],"\u03bcg/kg":[213,216,220],"(dose-1),":[214,246],"3.75":[215],"(dose-2)":[217,249],"7.5":[219],"(dose-3).":[221],"Results":[222],"to":[225,231,285,392],"controls":[226,286],"given":[227],"normal":[228],"saline":[229],"doses":[233,310,408],"(1/2":[237],"+":[240],"1/2":[241],"maintenance):":[243],"0.3":[244],"mg/kg":[245,248],"0.6":[247],"1.2mg/kg":[251],"(dose-3)":[252],"(3\u20135":[253],"animals":[254],"each":[256],"group).":[258],"inhibition":[260],"deposition":[263,317],"dependent":[269],"reduced":[271,293,328,351],"57%,":[273],"76%":[274],"95%":[276],"1,":[279,409,427],"2":[280,410,428],"respectively,":[283],"(p":[287],"<":[288],"0.05":[289,304],"each).":[290],"Enoxaparin":[291],"likewise":[292],"thrombosis":[294,366],"49%,":[299],"83%":[300],"91%":[302],"(p<":[303],"each)":[305],"respectively":[306,342,413],"tested.":[311],"paralleled":[314],"data":[318],"chamber.":[321],"Thrombus":[322],"DVG":[325],"only":[327],"level":[331],"both":[334],"18%":[339],"47%,":[341],"determined":[344],"deposition.":[347],"35%":[353],"51%":[357],"arterial":[365],"segment.":[367],"times":[369],"did":[370],"increase":[372],"significantly":[373],"any":[375],"treatments":[378],"except":[379],"dose-3":[381],"which":[384],"prolonged":[385,416],"bleeding":[387],"from":[389],"3.5\u00b11.3":[390],"5.3":[393],"\u00b1":[394],"1.4":[395],"minutes.":[396],"Prolongation":[397],"APTT":[399,418],"1.14,":[401],"1.33,":[402],"2.04":[404],"fold":[405,424],"3,":[412,430],"1.25,":[420],"1.6":[421],"1.9":[423],"respectively.":[431],"conclude":[433],"safe":[440],"about":[442],"orders":[444],"magnitude":[446],"more":[447],"baboon":[454],"model":[455],"thrombosis.":[457]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2017-02-03T00:00:00"}
