{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2581055428","doi":null,"title":"Creating space in a 'naked city': violence and identity in Kakuma refugee camp, Kenya","display_name":"Creating space in a 'naked city': violence and identity in Kakuma refugee camp, Kenya","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2581055428","mag":"2581055428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2581055428","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.narcis.nl/research/RecordID/OND1298365","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007031706","display_name":"G.E. Frerks","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-8064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-8064"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G.E. Frerks","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-8064","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032086874","display_name":"Dorothea Hilhorst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-6833","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-6833"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dorothea Hilhorst","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2280-6833","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054918885","display_name":"Bram J. Jansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5405-259X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5405-259X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bram J. Jansen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14062","display_name":"Migration and Exile Studies","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14062","display_name":"Migration and Exile Studies","score":0.8525000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.05550000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14226","display_name":"Migration, Racism, and Human Rights","score":0.03680000081658363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kakuma-refugee-camp","display_name":"Kakuma refugee camp","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refugee-camps","display_name":"refugee camps","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/violence","display_name":"violence","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"identity","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-space","display_name":"urban space","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173145845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131572","display_name":"Refugee","level":2,"score":0.7367743253707886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.5164037346839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4544551372528076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.38291093707084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.3756411671638489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3700788915157318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3526022434234619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3451598286628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.285173624753952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11894211173057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08873865008354187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.07683941721916199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2581055428","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.narcis.nl/research/RecordID/OND1298365","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.7419999837875366,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3121319811","https://openalex.org/W1584997114","https://openalex.org/W2562620990","https://openalex.org/W183465001","https://openalex.org/W2229139379","https://openalex.org/W2563287167","https://openalex.org/W4296179060","https://openalex.org/W2924534014","https://openalex.org/W6892463821","https://openalex.org/W7128068211"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T04:12:42.849631","created_date":"2017-02-03T00:00:00"}