{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2580957684","doi":null,"title":"Virginia elementary principals' perspectives on merit pay for classroom teachers","display_name":"Virginia elementary principals' perspectives on merit pay for classroom teachers","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2580957684","mag":"2580957684"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/54460","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111819237","display_name":"George R. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0050-5988","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0050-5988"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George R. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111819237"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.7656000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.7656000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10674","display_name":"School Choice and Performance","score":0.20000000298023224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13580","display_name":"Management and Performance Evaluation","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pay-for-performance","display_name":"performance-based pay","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classroom-teachers","display_name":"classroom teachers","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-school-principals","display_name":"elementary school principals","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-perceptions","display_name":"principal perceptions","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-compensation","display_name":"teacher compensation","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-evaluation","display_name":"teacher evaluation","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-resistance","display_name":"teacher resistance","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teachers-associations","display_name":"teachers' associations","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiated-staffing","display_name":"differentiated staffing","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virginia","display_name":"Virginia","score":0.6150000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778766559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6819535","display_name":"Merit pay","level":3,"score":0.74652498960495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.6019102931022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4668842852115631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.411376416683197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3394019901752472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32680457830429077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3014216721057892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.13257744908332825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.11347129940986633}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/54460","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54460","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400248","display_name":"VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","host_organization_name":"Virginia Tech","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:2580957684","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/54460","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W128224132","https://openalex.org/W301460715","https://openalex.org/W316915361","https://openalex.org/W1542712259","https://openalex.org/W1549649267","https://openalex.org/W1597676647","https://openalex.org/W1967001790","https://openalex.org/W1985180733","https://openalex.org/W1985243523","https://openalex.org/W1985453879","https://openalex.org/W1993248401","https://openalex.org/W2002664886","https://openalex.org/W2057563009","https://openalex.org/W2057623609","https://openalex.org/W2085829831","https://openalex.org/W2154828897","https://openalex.org/W2155569261","https://openalex.org/W2417197096"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W825459287","https://openalex.org/W2994595876","https://openalex.org/W3097366999","https://openalex.org/W7047703092","https://openalex.org/W3210465560","https://openalex.org/W2736598310","https://openalex.org/W1612781589","https://openalex.org/W7038751566","https://openalex.org/W2260724490","https://openalex.org/W3135604420"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,24,65],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,11,18,33,51,75,78,97,108,168,173,182,244,259,273,280,299,325],"this":[3],"research":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,60,67,111,140,159,188,319],"to":[7,69,142,148,200,255],"examine":[8],"the":[9,16,31,63,104,157,176,183,196,202,242,257,270,278,296,304,315,323],"perceptions":[10],"Virginia's":[12,326],"elementary":[13,120,327],"principals":[14,35,122,134,267,306],"concerning":[15],"concept":[17,243],"merit":[19,37,91,232,261,293,334],"pay":[20,38,92,262,335],"for":[21,26,39,57,88,95,178,303],"classroom":[22,40],"teachers.":[23],"problem":[25],"investigation":[27],"was:":[28],"what":[29],"are":[30],"attitudes":[32,324],"these":[34,44],"toward":[36],"teachers?":[41],"To":[42],"identify":[43],"perceptions,":[45],"a":[46,83,116,171,260,333],"fixed-response-form-questionnaire,":[47],"Survey":[48],"on":[49,54],"Perceptions":[50],"Elementary":[52],"Principals":[53],"Merit":[55],"Pay":[56],"Classroom":[58],"Teachers,":[59],"developed":[61],"by":[62,146,204],"researcher.":[64],"questionnaire":[66],"designed":[68],"gather":[70],"information":[71],"in":[72,241,341],"six":[73],"areas":[74],"concern:":[76],"demographics":[77],"respondents,":[79],"outcomes":[80],"expected":[81,100],"if":[82,150],"plan":[84,336],"were":[85,124,130,152,164,206,253],"adopted,":[86],"opinions":[87],"or":[89],"against":[90],"plans,":[93],"means":[94],"evaluation":[96],"teachers,":[98,102,274],"resistance":[99],"among":[101],"and":[103,166,217,234,283],"most":[105],"acceptable":[106],"form":[107],"plan.":[109,263],"Reliability":[110],"established":[112],"at":[113],".85.":[114],"In":[115],"random":[117],"selection,":[118],"300":[119],"school":[121],"(26%)":[123],"mailed":[125],"surveys,":[126],"269":[127],"surveys":[128],"(89.66%)":[129],"returned,":[131],"31":[132],"(10.33%)":[133],"did":[135],"not":[136,160,179,193,207],"respond.":[137],"An":[138],"attempt":[139],"made":[141],"contact":[143],"each":[144],"nonrespondent":[145],"telephone":[147,205],"see":[149],"there":[151],"any":[153],"particular":[154],"reasons":[155],"why":[156],"survey":[158,203],"answered.":[161],"Nine":[162],"nonrespondents":[163,191],"contacted,":[165],"8":[167],"them":[169],"indicated":[170],"lack":[172],"time":[174],"as":[175],"reason":[177],"responding.":[180],"Because":[181],"high":[184],"response":[185],"rate,":[186],"it":[187,329],"felt":[189,210,265,287,308],"that":[190,211,224,266,288,309,332],"could":[192],"have":[194],"biased":[195],"data,":[197],"therefore,":[198],"attempts":[199],"administer":[201],"made.":[208],"Respondents":[209,239,264],"teachers":[212,230,248,310],"would":[213,221,237,291,311],"become":[214],"more":[215,246],"competitive":[216],"less":[218],"cooperative.":[219],"Parents":[220],"make":[222],"requests":[223],"their":[225],"children":[226],"be":[227,269,338],"placed":[228],"with":[229],"receiving":[231],"pay,":[233],"teacher-filed":[235],"grievances":[236],"increase.":[238],"believed":[240],"paying":[245],"effective":[247],"higher":[249],"salaries,":[250],"but":[251,275],"they":[252,276],"reluctant":[254],"recommend":[256],"adoption":[258],"should":[268],"main":[271],"evaluators":[272],"endorsed":[277],"use":[279],"teachers'":[281],"peers":[282],"outside":[284],"evaluators.":[285],"They":[286],"teacher":[289],"associations":[290],"oppose":[292],"pay.":[294],"Of":[295],"three":[297],"forms":[298],"above-the-scale":[300],"compensation":[301],"defined":[302],"study,":[305],"surveyed":[307],"find":[312],"differentiated":[313],"staffing":[314],"least":[316],"objectionable.":[317],"It":[318],"concluded":[320],"that,":[321],"given":[322],"principals,":[328],"is":[330],"unlikely":[331],"can":[337],"successfully":[339],"implemented":[340],"Virginia.":[342]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2017-02-03T00:00:00"}
