{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2576353094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix006","title":"Vaccination to Reduce Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus 2","display_name":"Vaccination to Reduce Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus 2","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2576353094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix006","mag":"2576353094","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28453833","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5853953"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/jix006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5853953","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024634769","display_name":"Jeffrey I. Cohen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-7176","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0238-7176"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134534","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey I. Cohen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA","Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5024634769"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210134534"],"apc_list":{"value":4763,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4763},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1409,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86255437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"215","issue":"6","first_page":"jix006","last_page":"jix006"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10625","display_name":"Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10625","display_name":"Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10981","display_name":"Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11495","display_name":"Animal Virus Infections Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herpes-simplex-virus-type-2","display_name":"herpes simplex virus type 2","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/therapeutic-vaccines","display_name":"therapeutic vaccines","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hsv-2-reactivation","display_name":"HSV-2 reactivation","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-genital-herpes","display_name":"recurrent genital herpes","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycoprotein-d","display_name":"glycoprotein D","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icp4","display_name":"ICP4","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-safety-and-tolerability","display_name":"vaccine safety and tolerability","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-neutralizing-antibodies","display_name":"virus-neutralizing antibodies","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-shedding","display_name":"viral shedding","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hsv-2-transmission","display_name":"HSV-2 transmission","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-acquisition","display_name":"HIV acquisition","score":0.3199999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.807026743888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.735092282295227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781196997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655331","display_name":"Herpes simplex virus","level":3,"score":0.6148803234100342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48310017585754395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.42842257022857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.37097325921058655}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006558","descriptor_name":"Herpes Genitalis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014611","descriptor_name":"Vaccination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014612","descriptor_name":"Vaccines","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018258","descriptor_name":"Herpesvirus 2, Human","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/infdis/jix006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54542293","display_name":"The Journal of Infectious Diseases","issn_l":"0022-1899","issn":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5853953","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5853953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:28453833","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28453833","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of infectious diseases","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5853953","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5853953","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Infect Dis","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605851537","https://openalex.org/W2008002339","https://openalex.org/W2010820891","https://openalex.org/W2029322486","https://openalex.org/W2072210608","https://openalex.org/W2083083619","https://openalex.org/W2112070400","https://openalex.org/W2120210643","https://openalex.org/W2131041950","https://openalex.org/W2139835084","https://openalex.org/W2144991347","https://openalex.org/W2198528112","https://openalex.org/W2515930944","https://openalex.org/W2519957152","https://openalex.org/W2562795102","https://openalex.org/W2602406156","https://openalex.org/W2613239886","https://openalex.org/W2883865427"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2401825435","https://openalex.org/W2620573545","https://openalex.org/W2113646357","https://openalex.org/W2134956255","https://openalex.org/W2034589644","https://openalex.org/W2946031901","https://openalex.org/W2156555210","https://openalex.org/W2118955548","https://openalex.org/W7099145134","https://openalex.org/W2043648191"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"(See":[0],"the":[1,93,123,261,272,276,287,290,293,314,326,340,348,359,366,371,384,394,397,403,434,440,456,463,481,487,524,553,560,572,581,607,611,616,620,628,634,638,642,660,695,704,709,738,836,840,860,865,868,873,905,908,912,934,956,1022,1055,1086,1098,1113,1126,1138,1177,1180,1197,1215,1331,1350,1353,1369,1516,1521,1568,1580,1585,1588],"major":[2,108],"article":[3],"by":[4,1515],"Bernstein":[5,182,1491],"et":[6,1492],"al":[7,1493],"on":[8,527,1147],"pages":[9],"856\u201364.)":[10],"\u201cA":[11],"therapeutic":[12,96,161,783,1231,1316,1360,1487,1506],"herpes":[13,744,776,1144,1291],"simplex":[14,33],"vaccine":[15,97,131,197,247,288,296,315,373,386,512,662,679,715,726,768,795,832,910,936,959,1001,1028,1075,1193,1251,1318,1327,1333,1361,1478,1488],"is":[16,38,60,88,132,503,579,722,763,1002,1157,1167,1182,1207,1319,1473,1495],"a":[17,20,26,107,115,130,190,514,794,821,853,898,922,963,971,1005,1026,1037,1045,1074,1191,1208,1237,1242,1247,1303,1315,1325,1341,1359,1396,1500,1536,1549,1553],"journey":[18,1502],"of":[19,67,71,122,151,176,179,189,194,233,246,275,329,344,443,480,486,511,523,538,552,557,562,584,613,627,637,678,697,711,741,774,797,830,867,915,966,1057,1120,1149,1217,1236,1307,1344,1372,1391,1403,1421,1447,1490,1520,1524,1531,1552,1562,1573,1576,1587],"thousand":[21],"miles":[22],"that":[23,98,505,570,884,977,1096,1202,1219,1309,1476,1579],"begins":[24],"with":[25,40,63,83,141,215,225,358,365,376,533,804,931,941,962,1014,1051,1142,1280,1444,1470,1542],"single":[27],"step.\u201d":[28],"\u2014Modified":[29],"from":[30,202,801,920,1033,1405],"Lao-Tzu":[31],"Herpes":[32],"virus":[34,74,124,698,712,1099,1146,1181,1225,1263],"type":[35,732],"2":[36,199,341,349,435,482,790,828,889,951,975],"(HSV-2)":[37],"associated":[39,62],"primary":[41,265,742,837,913,964],"and":[42,52,69,86,103,113,160,183,207,253,269,283,362,529,550,565,700,720,816,863,982,1017,1105,1122,1164,1171,1187,1246,1265,1301,1352,1394,1419,1431,1479,1526,1539],"recurrent":[43,1052],"genital":[44,743,752,775,1053,1088,1143],"herpes,":[45],"disseminated":[46],"disease":[47,54],"or":[48,230,242,306,599,789,888,1287,1408,1461,1465],"encephalitis":[49],"in":[50,55,210,236,286,313,323,337,393,402,433,455,462,491,499,521,576,596,625,641,659,714,717,745,747,786,809,820,856,892,897,927,944,960,996,1004,1010,1036,1044,1049,1085,1094,1125,1169,1176,1239,1255,1273,1349,1468,1499],"neonates,":[51],"severe":[53],"immunocompromised":[56],"patients":[57,112,254,1204],"[1].":[58],"HSV-2":[59,84,162,196,203,219,234,701,767,782,802,814,841,857,980,1011,1031,1078,1486,1507,1555],"also":[61,430,1474],"an":[64,195,544,670,766,942,1463,1496,1504],"increased":[65],"risk":[66],"acquisition":[68],"transmission":[70,104,702,1420,1429],"human":[72],"immunodeficiency":[73],"(HIV).":[75],"More":[76],"than":[77,687,759,1324,1449],"400":[78],"million":[79],"persons":[80,140,324,647,1050],"are":[81,755,785,1135,1174,1229,1267,1362],"infected":[82,139,1279],"worldwide,":[85],"there":[87,418,542,1228],"no":[89,167,1559],"treatment":[90],"to":[91,119,125,148,157,217,496,665,668,673,682,771,778,847,1072,1076,1100,1109,1161,1185,1233,1276,1298,1322,1378,1388,1399,1416,1584],"eliminate":[92,1439],"virus.":[94],"A":[95,826,949,1364],"reduces":[99,694],"symptomatic":[100,1288],"disease,":[101,1406],"shedding,":[102,416,1407],"would":[105,727,769,1482],"be":[106,497,683,1110,1188,1414,1458,1483],"advance,":[109],"both":[110,1268],"for":[111,138,164,257,478,588,757,760,886,933,1210,1328,1335,1358,1548,1571],"as":[114,646,1021,1452],"public":[116],"health":[117],"measure":[118,583],"reduce":[120,728,772,1417],"spread":[121],"uninfected":[126],"individuals.":[127],"Although":[128,751,903,1260],"such":[129,1451],"not":[133,301,401,461,475,580,605,707,877,991,1061,1129,1283,1426,1438],"yet":[134,878,1062],"available,":[135],"suppressive":[136,650,674,1480],"therapy":[137,1481],"once-daily":[142,649,692],"oral":[143],"valacyclovir":[144,651,693,1424,1433],"has":[145,735,1067,1296,1302,1535,1566],"been":[146,170,879,1063,1069,1253,1347,1591],"shown":[147],"achieve":[149,669],"all":[150],"these":[152,597,1203],"endpoints":[153,266],"[2].":[154],"Despite":[155],"attempts":[156],"develop":[158,1073,1323],"prophylactic":[159,1554],"vaccines":[163,168,784,883,1218,1232,1345],">70":[165],"years,":[166],"have":[169,681,876,1060,1220,1252,1284,1346,1462,1590],"licensed":[171],"[3].":[172],"In":[173,540],"this":[174,425,492,577,718,725,831,1058,1380],"issue":[175],"The":[177,264,555,850,1485,1533,1564],"Journal":[178],"Infectious":[180,1527],"Diseases,":[181],"colleagues":[184],"[4]":[185,1494],"report":[186,708],"their":[187,1154,1274],"results":[188,489,875,1056],"phase":[191,787,822,827,899,950,1006,1046,1256],"1/2":[192,788,900],"trial":[193,824,829,901,952,1009,1048,1385,1551],"containing":[198,974,1029],"polypeptides,":[200],"derived":[201,800],"glycoprotein":[204],"D":[205],"(gD)":[206],"ICP4":[208],"protein,":[209],"Matrix":[211],"M2":[212],"adjuvant.":[213],"Volunteers":[214],"3":[216,250,305,1257],"9":[218,938],"recurrences":[220,773,968],"per":[221],"year":[222,259,410,469],"were":[223,248,255,267,300,310,321,335,419,429,452,474,895],"immunized":[224],"10":[226],"\u00b5g,":[227,229],"30":[228,536],"100":[231,509],"\u00b5g":[232,510,537],"polypeptides":[235,239],"adjuvant":[237,811,894],"(vaccine),":[238],"without":[240,297],"adjuvant,":[241,298],"placebo.":[243],"Three":[244,780],"doses":[245,343,351,677],"given":[249,684],"weeks":[251],"apart":[252],"followed":[256],"1":[258,409,468,733,823,887,1047],"after":[260,370,383,439,448,470,630,633,656,844,859],"last":[262,372,385,441,635],"vaccination.":[263],"safety":[268],"tolerability.":[270],"Whereas":[271],"highest":[273,322,327,336,350],"frequency":[274],"most":[277],"common":[278,312],"systemic":[279],"adverse":[280,308],"events":[281,309],"(myalgia":[282],"fatigue)":[284],"was":[285,389,543,594,833,839,925,953,1042,1513],"group,":[289,459],"differences":[291],"among":[292],"groups":[294,437,629],"(vaccine,":[295],"placebo)":[299],"significant.":[302],"Solicited":[303],"grade":[304],"4":[307,1030],"more":[311,685,1320,1392,1459],"group.":[316,466],"Virus":[317],"neutralizing":[318,993,1165],"antibody":[319,994,1166],"titers":[320],"receiving":[325,339,347,396,535,648],"dose":[328,361,374,405,442,458,551,636],"vaccine,":[330,973],"whereas":[331],"HSV-2-specific":[332],"T-cell":[333,548,563,573,592,608],"responses":[334,549,564,567,1020,1356],"those":[338,534],"lower":[342,392,415,454,477,756],"vaccine.":[345,539,554,1508,1556],"Persons":[346,1278],"had":[352,413,513],"reduced":[353,432,515],"shedding":[354,388,528,622,658,842,858,917,1418,1440],"rates":[355,428,451,473,754,929],"(52%":[356],"reduction":[357,364,855,919,924],"30-\u00b5g":[360,398,457,639,661],"31%":[363],"100-\u00b5g":[367,404,464],"dose)":[368],"immediately":[369,438,632],"compared":[375,532,846,930],"baseline":[377,848,932],"(before":[378],"vaccination).":[379],"At":[380,467],"6":[381,446,519,654,689],"months":[382,447,655],"dose,":[387,399,465],"still":[390,1183],"significantly":[391,414,431,453,476],"group":[395,412,663],"but":[400,460,990],"group;":[406],"however,":[407,872],"at":[408,424,445,518,610,937,1112,1137,1368],"neither":[411,904],"although":[417],"fewer":[420],"subjects":[421,506,998],"providing":[422],"swabs":[423],"time.":[426],"Lesion":[427],"highest-dose":[436,483],"vaccine;":[444],"vaccination,":[449,471,657,862],"lesion":[450,472,530,928,967],"either":[479],"groups.":[484],"Some":[485],"unexpected":[488],"reported":[490,1064,1375],"study":[493,578,851,1059,1489],"will":[494],"need":[495,1108],"verified":[498],"future":[500],"studies.":[501],"It":[502,1472],"surprising":[504],"who":[507],"received":[508],"clinical":[516,566,791,1008,1258,1384,1550],"response":[517,574,609],"months,":[520,939],"terms":[522],"vaccine\u2019s":[525],"effect":[526,671,1467],"formation,":[531],"addition,":[541],"inverse":[545],"correlation":[546,558],"between":[547,559],"lack":[556],"level":[561],"might":[568,680,1413,1457],"indicate":[569,1131],"(1)":[571],"measured":[575],"appropriate":[582],"cellular":[585,1123],"immunity":[586,1124],"important":[587,1497],"protection,":[589],"(2)":[590],"HSV-2\u2013specific":[591],"exhaustion":[593],"present":[595,1136,1168,1175],"subjects,":[598],"(3)":[600],"circulating":[601],"T":[602,818,946,1172],"cells":[603,819,947,1107,1173],"do":[604,706,1282],"reflect":[606],"site":[612],"reactivation.":[614],"As":[615,1423],"authors":[617,705],"point":[618],"out,":[619],"minimum":[621],"rate":[623,843,918],"observed":[624,926],"any":[626],"vaccination\u20146.4%":[631],"vaccine\u2014is":[640],"same":[643],"range":[644],"(4%\u20136%)":[645],"[5].":[652],"However,":[653],"rose":[664],"8%.":[666],"Thus,":[667,1118,1152,1314],"similar":[672],"valacyclovir,":[675],"additional":[676],"often":[686],"every":[688],"months.":[690],"While":[691,1330],"quantity":[696,710],"shed":[699,713],"[2],":[703,1430],"recipients":[716],"study,":[719],"it":[721,762,1068],"unknown":[723,764],"whether":[724],"transmission.":[729],"Finally,":[730,1025],"HSV":[731,890,1081,1266,1295,1317,1336],"(HSV-1)":[734],"now":[736,1003],"become":[737],"leading":[739],"cause":[740],"women":[746],"some":[748],"high-income":[749],"countries.":[750],"recurrence":[753],"HSV-1":[758],"HSV-2,":[761],"how":[765],"perform":[770],"due":[777],"HSV-1.":[779],"other":[781,1411],"trials.":[792,1259],"First,":[793],"consisting":[796],"synthetic":[798],"peptides":[799],"complexed":[803],"heat":[805],"shock":[806],"protein":[807],"70":[808],"saponin":[810],"elicited":[812],"virus-specific":[813],"CD4":[815],"CD8":[817],"[6].":[825],"recently":[834],"completed;":[835],"outcome":[838,965],"vaccination":[845],"[7].":[849],"showed":[852],"15%":[854],"initial":[861],"before":[864],"administration":[866],"booster":[869],"injection":[870],"[8];":[871],"full":[874],"reported.":[880],"Second,":[881],"DNA":[882,958,972,1027],"encode":[885],"proteins":[891],"Vaxfectin":[893,961],"tested":[896,1043,1348],"[9].":[902],"monovalent":[906],"nor":[907],"bivalent":[909,935,957],"met":[911],"endpoint":[914],"viral":[916],"baseline,":[921],"57%":[923],"together":[940],"increase":[943,1389],"HSV-specific":[945],"[10].":[948],"initiated":[954],"using":[955],"[11].":[969],"Third,":[970],"plasmids":[976],"express":[978],"full-length":[979],"gD":[981],"ubiquitin-fused":[983],"truncated":[984],"gD2":[985],"induced":[986],"cell-mediated":[987,1018],"immune":[988,1019,1106,1133,1155,1312,1355,1401],"responses,":[989,995],"detectable":[992],"HSV-seronegative":[997],"[12].":[999],"This":[1000,1511],"1/2a":[1007],"seropositive":[1012],"adults":[1013],"safety,":[1015],"antibody,":[1016],"outcomes":[1023],"[13].":[1024],"antigens":[1032],"immediate-early":[1034],"genes":[1035,1308],"particle-mediated":[1038],"epidermal":[1039],"delivery":[1040],"device":[1041],"herpes;":[1054],"[14].":[1065],"Why":[1066],"so":[1070],"difficult":[1071],"prevent":[1077,1234,1428],"disease?":[1079],"Because":[1080],"directly":[1082],"infects":[1083],"mucosa":[1084,1114,1178],"female":[1087],"tract":[1089],"and,":[1090],"subsequently,":[1091],"nerve":[1092],"endings":[1093],"axons":[1095],"transport":[1097],"dorsal":[1101],"root":[1102],"ganglia,":[1103],"antibodies":[1104,1121],"situated":[1111],"where":[1115],"infection":[1116],"begins.":[1117],"measurement":[1119],"blood":[1127],"does":[1128,1425,1437],"necessarily":[1130],"what":[1132],"effectors":[1134],"mucosal":[1139],"site.":[1140],"Patients":[1141],"reactivate":[1145,1186,1299],"20%":[1148],"days":[1150],"[15].":[1151],"while":[1153],"system":[1156],"being":[1158],"repeatedly":[1159],"exposed":[1160],"replicating":[1162],"virus,":[1163],"serum":[1170],"[16],":[1179],"able":[1184],"shed.":[1189],"Therefore,":[1190],"successful":[1192],"must":[1194],"improve":[1195],"upon":[1196,1212],"natural":[1198],"ongoing":[1199],"antigen":[1200],"exposure":[1201],"experience.":[1205],"There":[1206],"precedent":[1209],"improving":[1211],"nature":[1213],"through":[1214],"use":[1216],"improved":[1221],"antigenicity":[1222],"over":[1223],"wild-type":[1224],"[17].":[1226],"Currently,":[1227],"effective":[1230,1254,1460,1505],"reactivation":[1235],"herpesvirus":[1238],"humans.":[1240],"Both":[1241],"live":[1243],"attenuated":[1244],"[18]":[1245],"subunit":[1248],"[19]":[1249],"zoster":[1250,1262],"varicella":[1261],"(VZV)":[1264],"alphaherpesviruses,":[1269],"they":[1270],"differ":[1271],"markedly":[1272],"propensity":[1275],"reactivate.":[1277],"VZV":[1281],"frequent":[1285],"asymptomatic":[1286],"reactivations,":[1289],"unlike":[1290],"simplex.":[1292],"Unlike":[1293],"VZV,":[1294],"evolved":[1297],"frequently":[1300],"much":[1304],"larger":[1305],"repertoire":[1306],"evade":[1310],"host":[1311],"responses.":[1313],"challenging":[1321],"comparable":[1326],"VZV.":[1329],"first":[1332],"trials":[1334],"began":[1337],"decades":[1338],"ago,":[1339],"only":[1340],"small":[1342],"number":[1343],"clinic,":[1351],"protective":[1354],"needed":[1357],"unknown.":[1363],"recent":[1365],"workshop":[1366],"convened":[1367],"National":[1370,1522],"Institutes":[1371],"Health":[1373],"[20]":[1374],"several":[1376],"recommendations":[1377],"remedy":[1379],"problem,":[1381],"including":[1382],"adaptive":[1383],"designs":[1386],"[21]":[1387],"testing":[1390],"vaccines,":[1393],"developing":[1395],"laboratory":[1397],"infrastructure":[1398],"determine":[1400],"correlates":[1402],"protection":[1404],"infection.":[1409],"What":[1410],"approaches":[1412],"tried":[1415],"HSV-2?":[1422],"completely":[1427],"high-dose":[1432],"(3":[1434],"g":[1435],"daily)":[1436],"[5],":[1441],"newer":[1442],"antivirals":[1443],"different":[1445],"mechanisms":[1446],"action":[1448],"acyclovir,":[1450],"helicase-primase":[1453],"inhibitors":[1454],"[22,":[1455],"23],":[1456],"added":[1464],"synergistic":[1466],"combination":[1469],"valacyclovir.":[1471],"possible":[1475],"combined":[1477],"beneficial.":[1484],"step":[1498],"long":[1501],"toward":[1503],"Financial":[1509],"support.":[1510],"work":[1512],"supported":[1514],"Intramural":[1517],"Research":[1518,1538],"Program":[1519],"Institute":[1523],"Allergy":[1525],"Diseases.":[1528],"Potential":[1529,1574],"conflicts":[1530,1561],"interest.":[1532,1563],"author":[1534,1565],"Cooperative":[1537],"Development":[1540],"Agreement":[1541],"Sanofi":[1543],"Pasteur,":[1544],"which":[1545],"provides":[1546],"funding":[1547],"Author":[1557],"certifies":[1558],"potential":[1560],"submitted":[1567],"ICMJE":[1569],"Form":[1570],"Disclosure":[1572],"Conflicts":[1575,1578],"Interest.":[1577],"editors":[1581],"consider":[1582],"relevant":[1583],"content":[1586],"manuscript":[1589],"disclosed":[1592]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2017-01-26T00:00:00"}