{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2563377464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","title":"Teachers\u2019 Perception of Cyberbullying in Lebanese Public School","display_name":"Teachers\u2019 Perception of Cyberbullying in Lebanese Public School","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2563377464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","mag":"2563377464"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=72738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176813","display_name":"Open Journal of Leadership","issn_l":"2167-7743","issn":["2167-7743","2167-7751"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Leadership","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=72738","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071700644","display_name":"Najah A. R. Ghamrawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7588-4996","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7588-4996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160368002","display_name":"Lebanese University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x6qnc69","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Najah A. R. Ghamrawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Educational Leadership and Management at the","Educational Psychology at the Faculty of Education, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Leadership and Management at the","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Psychology at the Faculty of Education, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068832302","display_name":"Norma Ghamrawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-9657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5754-9657","https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7588-4996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160368002","display_name":"Lebanese University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x6qnc69","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Norma Ghamrawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Educational Leadership and Management at the","Educational Psychology at the Faculty of Education , Lebanese University , Beirut , Lebanon","Educational Leadership and Management at the Faculty of Education, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Leadership and Management at the","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Psychology at the Faculty of Education , Lebanese University , Beirut , Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Leadership and Management at the Faculty of Education, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000679001","display_name":"Tarek Shal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0824-6449","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0824-6449"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160368002","display_name":"Lebanese University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x6qnc69","country_code":"LB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tarek Shal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Educational Technology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon","Faculty of Education , Lebanese University , Beirut , Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Educational Technology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education , Lebanese University , Beirut , Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071700644"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160368002"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7233,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75094529,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"05","issue":"04","first_page":"95","last_page":"109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10485","display_name":"Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11647","display_name":"Workplace Violence and Bullying","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberbullying","display_name":"cyberbullying","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-perceptions","display_name":"teacher perceptions","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-building","display_name":"character building","score":0.6940000057220459}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7727697491645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.589905321598053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5687304735183716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3927987217903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3641349673271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16626358032226562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=72738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176813","display_name":"Open Journal of Leadership","issn_l":"2167-7743","issn":["2167-7743","2167-7751"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Leadership","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojl.2016.54009","pdf_url":"http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=72738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176813","display_name":"Open Journal of Leadership","issn_l":"2167-7743","issn":["2167-7743","2167-7751"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320480","host_organization_name":"Scientific Research Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320480"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Scientific Research Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Open Journal of Leadership","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.975600004196167},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2563377464.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2563377464.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59947468","https://openalex.org/W149656231","https://openalex.org/W618353372","https://openalex.org/W1538587309","https://openalex.org/W1750337463","https://openalex.org/W1774539535","https://openalex.org/W1897169335","https://openalex.org/W1983800911","https://openalex.org/W1987313427","https://openalex.org/W2000453371","https://openalex.org/W2009800979","https://openalex.org/W2013357987","https://openalex.org/W2029022908","https://openalex.org/W2030541504","https://openalex.org/W2069165059","https://openalex.org/W2076099845","https://openalex.org/W2079968928","https://openalex.org/W2119062919","https://openalex.org/W2122263961","https://openalex.org/W2122408501","https://openalex.org/W2138858159","https://openalex.org/W2141041389","https://openalex.org/W2144292521","https://openalex.org/W2148007814","https://openalex.org/W2152126085","https://openalex.org/W2153153689","https://openalex.org/W2153780365","https://openalex.org/W2154745656","https://openalex.org/W2163519263","https://openalex.org/W2165282906","https://openalex.org/W2167117133","https://openalex.org/W3000508580","https://openalex.org/W4239385534","https://openalex.org/W4245432240","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2079968928","https://openalex.org/W4367317499","https://openalex.org/W2803820319","https://openalex.org/W6977003022","https://openalex.org/W7167063612","https://openalex.org/W2727647661","https://openalex.org/W3025262360","https://openalex.org/W3165061056","https://openalex.org/W2765393154","https://openalex.org/W1570418040"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyberbullying":[0],"has":[1],"become":[2],"prevalent":[3],"in":[4,27,65],"schools":[5],"with":[6],"the":[7,22,32,45,62,85,92,99,102,109,113,135,150,181,188],"increased":[8],"spread":[9],"and":[10,111,187,201],"usage":[11],"of":[12,16,31,34,44,70,79,87,139,175,183,190],"technology.":[13],"The":[14,54],"purpose":[15],"this":[17,52,176],"study":[18,55],"was":[19,73],"to":[20,24,40,50,75,156,159],"examine":[21],"degree":[23],"which":[25],"teachers":[26,60,133,144],"Lebanon":[28],"were":[29,122,153,164,169],"aware":[30],"concept":[33],"cyber":[35],"bullying;":[36],"as":[37,39,194],"well":[38],"investigate":[41],"their":[42,184],"beliefs":[43],"best":[46],"interventional":[47,94,104],"preventional":[48,115,173],"strategies":[49,95,105,116,148,158,174],"combat":[51],"phenomenon.":[53,177],"surveyed":[56],"149":[57],"public":[58],"school":[59,132],"from":[61,166],"different":[63],"governorates":[64],"Lebanon.":[66],"A":[67],"survey":[68],"consisting":[69],"40":[71],"items":[72],"developed":[74],"address":[76],"teachers\u2019":[77],"perception":[78],"cyberbullying,":[80],"around":[81],"4":[82],"areas:":[83],"1)":[84],"impact":[86],"cyberbullying":[88,97,107,119,140,161,200],"on":[89,141],"students,":[90],"2)":[91],"necessary":[93],"for":[96,106,117,127,198],"inside":[98,149],"school,":[100,110,151],"3)":[101],"suitable":[103],"outside":[108],"4)":[112],"possible":[114],"a":[118],"program.":[120,206],"Data":[121],"analyzed":[123],"using":[124],"SPSS":[125],"21.0":[126],"windows.":[128],"Results":[129],"indicated":[130],"that":[131],"recognized":[134],"gross":[136],"negative":[137],"impacts":[138],"students.":[142],"While":[143],"suggested":[145],"anit-cyberbullying":[146],"inter-ventional":[147],"they":[152],"less":[154],"hesitant":[155],"suggest":[157],"confront":[160],"when":[162],"students":[163,192],"away":[165],"school.":[167],"They":[168],"also":[170],"indeterminate":[171],"concerning":[172],"Teachers\u2019":[178],"perceptions":[179],"highlight":[180],"importance":[182,189],"active":[185],"role":[186],"building":[191],"character":[193],"two":[195],"major":[196],"keys":[197],"counteracting":[199],"designing":[202],"an":[203],"efficient":[204],"anti-cyberbullying":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2017-01-06T00:00:00"}
