{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2563372564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","title":"The legislations and countries operating in the new approach to technical harmonization and standards as an aspect of consumer safety","display_name":"The legislations and countries operating in the new approach to technical harmonization and standards as an aspect of consumer safety","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2563372564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","mag":"2563372564"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","pdf_url":"https://wnus.edu.pl/miz/file/article/view/2025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185150","display_name":"Marketing i Zarz\u0105dzanie","issn_l":"2450-775X","issn":["2450-775X","2543-5574"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317306","host_organization_name":"University of Szczecin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317306"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Szczecin"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marketing i Zarz\u0105dzanie","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://wnus.edu.pl/miz/file/article/view/2025.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003782308","display_name":"Marcin Pig\u0142owski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4032-2333","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4032-2333"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125238","display_name":"Gdynia Maritime University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vscf791","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125238"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marcin Pig\u0142owski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Akademia Morska w Gdyni, Wydzia\u0142 Przedsi\u0119biorczo\u015bci i Towaroznawstwa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Akademia Morska w Gdyni, Wydzia\u0142 Przedsi\u0119biorczo\u015bci i Towaroznawstwa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003782308"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125238"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25187017,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"73","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13164","display_name":"Quality and Management Systems","score":0.5849999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13164","display_name":"Quality and Management Systems","score":0.5849999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.16830000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12374","display_name":"European and International Contract Law","score":0.15119999647140503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-safety","display_name":"consumer safety","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notified-bodies","display_name":"notified bodies","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformity-assessment","display_name":"conformity assessment","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-requirements","display_name":"essential requirements","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapex","display_name":"RAPEX","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-law","display_name":"European Union law","score":0.39500001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-economic-area","display_name":"European Economic Area","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis-of-countries","display_name":"cluster analysis of countries","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-risk","display_name":"product risk","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dangerous-goods","display_name":"dangerous goods","score":0.4560000002384186}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779962950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5659376","display_name":"Harmonization","level":2,"score":0.7991063594818115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5911748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4072285","display_name":"Conformity assessment","level":2,"score":0.7867147922515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.7332907319068909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.682826578617096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6205479502677917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.540042519569397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993508850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185441","display_name":"Eu countries","level":3,"score":0.5343925356864929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4744054973125458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019422483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1646605","display_name":"Member states","level":3,"score":0.4742507040500641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.3352830410003662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.32735198736190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.20392173528671265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20211955904960632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11343273520469666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10489735007286072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09436535835266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","pdf_url":"https://wnus.edu.pl/miz/file/article/view/2025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185150","display_name":"Marketing i Zarz\u0105dzanie","issn_l":"2450-775X","issn":["2450-775X","2543-5574"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317306","host_organization_name":"University of Szczecin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317306"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Szczecin"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marketing i Zarz\u0105dzanie","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","doi":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.18276/miz.2016.44-06","pdf_url":"https://wnus.edu.pl/miz/file/article/view/2025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210185150","display_name":"Marketing i Zarz\u0105dzanie","issn_l":"2450-775X","issn":["2450-775X","2543-5574"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["ddh"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317306","host_organization_name":"University of Szczecin","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317306"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Szczecin"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Marketing i Zarz\u0105dzanie","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47620001435279846,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2563372564.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2563372564.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151580230","https://openalex.org/W2165086694","https://openalex.org/W2529616894"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3002615935","https://openalex.org/W3014877152","https://openalex.org/W4392043665","https://openalex.org/W2099339134","https://openalex.org/W2522661842","https://openalex.org/W1607649291","https://openalex.org/W2555369912","https://openalex.org/W1987037838","https://openalex.org/W2772203595","https://openalex.org/W2944144293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,196],"1985,":[1],"the":[2,5,17,20,31,34,39,53,62,71,113,121,126,132,138,168,172,179,188,192,205,210],"Council":[3],"issued":[4],"Resolution":[6],"on":[7,52,98,131,144],"a":[8,95,156,182],"new":[9,173],"approach":[10],"to":[11,74,84,178,204],"technical":[12],"harmonization":[13],"and":[14,38,77,86,92,128,153],"standards.":[15],"On":[16],"basis":[18],"of":[19,33,70,90,100,102,134,140,147,159,181,184],"Resolution,":[21],"legislations":[22,85,91,127,152,174],"were":[23,107],"issued,":[24],"which":[25,78],"are":[26,59],"in":[27,30,61,109,137,209],"force":[28],"mainly":[29],"countries":[32,87,129,154],"European":[35,41],"Union":[36],"(EU)":[37],"wider":[40],"Economic":[42],"Area":[43],"(EEA).":[44],"They":[45],"contain":[46],"essential":[47],"requirements":[48],"for":[49,215],"products":[50,148,185,206],"placed":[51],"EU":[54,194],"market.":[55],"The":[56,68,105,151],"notified":[57,81,189,208],"bodies":[58,190],"involved":[60],"conformity":[63],"assessment":[64,186],"with":[65,155],"those":[66],"requirements.":[67],"goal":[69],"article":[72],"was":[73,117],"examine":[75],"whether":[76],"notifications":[79,135,160],"(of":[80],"bodies)":[82],"related":[83],"(or":[88,163],"groups":[89],"countries)":[93],"had":[94],"dominant":[96],"influence":[97],"shaping":[99],"ensuring":[101],"consumer":[103],"safety.":[104],"calculations":[106],"made":[108],"Statistica":[110],"10":[111],"using":[112],"cluster":[114],"analysis.":[115],"It":[116],"found":[118],"out":[119],"that":[120],"division":[122],"into":[123],"clusters":[124],"within":[125],"depended":[130],"number":[133,158],"(and":[136],"case":[139],"legislation":[141],"\u2013":[142],"additionally":[143],"similar":[145],"types":[146],"/":[149],"risks).":[150],"big":[157],"created":[161],"separate":[162],"even":[164],"single)":[165],"clusters.":[166],"Amending":[167],"former":[169],"or":[170],"issuing":[171],"should":[175,200],"be":[176,201],"linked":[177],"development":[180],"possibility":[183],"by":[187],"from":[191],"smaller":[193],"countries.":[195],"this":[197],"process":[198],"attention":[199],"also":[202],"paid":[203],"often":[207],"RAPEX":[211],"(Rapid":[212],"Alert":[213],"System":[214],"non-food":[216],"dangerous":[217],"products).":[218]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2017-01-06T00:00:00"}