{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2562548877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","title":"Discussion on the mechanism of ground improvement method at the excavation of shallow overburden tunnel in difficult ground","display_name":"Discussion on the mechanism of ground improvement method at the excavation of shallow overburden tunnel in difficult ground","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2562548877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","mag":"2562548877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967416300241/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764981141","display_name":"Underground Space","issn_l":"2467-9674","issn":["2467-9674","2096-2754"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Underground Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967416300241/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028375476","display_name":"Kiyoshi Kishida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1588-4024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1588-4024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","display_name":"Kyoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kiyoshi Kishida","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Management, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Management, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101918938","display_name":"Ying Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2243-1584","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2243-1584"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96636082","display_name":"Meijo University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h42fc75","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96636082"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-5802, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-5802, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96636082"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091144769","display_name":"Masaichi Nonomura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masaichi Nonomura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Railway Engineering Co. Ltd., Tokyo 105-0012, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Railway Engineering Co. Ltd., Tokyo 105-0012, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029854429","display_name":"Tomomi Iura","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253493","display_name":"Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00qsrmq07","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253493"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomomi Iura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency, Yokohama 231-8351, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency, Yokohama 231-8351, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253493"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090908118","display_name":"Makoto Kimura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3352-4989","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3352-4989"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","display_name":"Kyoto University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kpeqv85","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Makoto Kimura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028375476"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"],"apc_list":{"value":0,"currency":"USD","value_usd":0},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.367,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66251595,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"2","first_page":"94","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9320999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9320999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.02410000003874302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12482","display_name":"Tunneling and Rock Mechanics","score":0.011500000022351742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-improvement","display_name":"soil improvement","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-soil","display_name":"soft soil","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settlement-control","display_name":"settlement control","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numerical-analysis","display_name":"numerical analysis","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunnel-stability","display_name":"tunnel stability","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-codes","display_name":"design codes","score":0.5659999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777201227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331224","display_name":"Overburden","level":2,"score":0.884482741355896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31858485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959782","display_name":"Excavation","level":2,"score":0.829911470413208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6164337992668152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.5750383138656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.4723980128765106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.45864230394363403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4023260772228241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.40038183331489563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12732142210006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967416300241/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764981141","display_name":"Underground Space","issn_l":"2467-9674","issn":["2467-9674","2096-2754"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Underground Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01221:0000176095","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/bitstreams/e1f13a76-07b9-4b0d-a57e-c38e0658f59e/download","pdf_url":"https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/bitstreams/e1f13a76-07b9-4b0d-a57e-c38e0658f59e/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Underground Space","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a08b977804b842f985c85aac60332d64","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a08b977804b842f985c85aac60332d64","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Underground Space, Vol 1, Iss 2, Pp 94-107 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp:2433/220413","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2433/220413","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401454","display_name":"Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I22299242","host_organization_name":"Kyoto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22299242"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.undsp.2016.11.003","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2467967416300241/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764981141","display_name":"Underground Space","issn_l":"2467-9674","issn":["2467-9674","2096-2754"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Underground Space","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5378999710083008,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2562548877.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2562548877.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966090582","https://openalex.org/W1993866845","https://openalex.org/W1998713882","https://openalex.org/W1999705216","https://openalex.org/W2008415665","https://openalex.org/W2011305255","https://openalex.org/W2052954710","https://openalex.org/W2053677224","https://openalex.org/W2056674188","https://openalex.org/W2062628445","https://openalex.org/W2066085080","https://openalex.org/W2070207401","https://openalex.org/W2085130664","https://openalex.org/W2089961650","https://openalex.org/W2320972975","https://openalex.org/W2321516336","https://openalex.org/W2509936974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2564776034","https://openalex.org/W4311696453","https://openalex.org/W3135809197","https://openalex.org/W2304162015","https://openalex.org/W2498720944","https://openalex.org/W2326889426","https://openalex.org/W3120185870","https://openalex.org/W1991726121","https://openalex.org/W4399712099","https://openalex.org/W138365044"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Tunnel":[0],"construction":[1,31],"opportunities":[2],"involving":[3],"shallow":[4,45],"overburdens":[5],"under":[6,59],"difficult":[7],"(e.g.,":[8],"soft,":[9],"unconsolidated)":[10],"grounds":[11],"have":[12,24,102],"been":[13,25,72,80,104,111],"increasing":[14],"in":[15,113],"Japan.":[16],"Various":[17],"auxiliary":[18,42],"methods":[19,43],"for":[20,44,82],"excavating":[21],"mountain":[22],"tunnels":[23],"developed":[26],"and":[27,92,96,136],"can":[28],"satisfy":[29],"stringent":[30],"requirements.":[32],"The":[33],"ground":[34,67,91,152],"improvement":[35,68,153],"method,":[36],"which":[37],"is":[38,131,155],"one":[39],"of":[40,57,65,88,98,127,143,150],"the":[41,55,63,66,86,89,93,99,119,123,128,141,148,151],"overburden":[46],"tunnels,":[47],"has":[48,70,75,110],"demonstrated":[49],"its":[50],"ability":[51],"to":[52],"effectively":[53],"control":[54],"amount":[56],"settlement":[58],"soft":[60],"ground.":[61],"However,":[62],"mechanism":[64],"method":[69,154],"not":[71,103],"clarified,":[73],"nor":[74],"a":[76],"suitable":[77,94],"design":[78,109],"code":[79],"established":[81],"it.":[83],"Therefore,":[84],"because":[85],"strength":[87],"improved":[90,100],"length":[95],"width":[97],"area":[101],"fully":[105],"understood,":[106],"an":[107],"empirical":[108],"applied":[112],"every":[114],"case.":[115],"In":[116,139],"this":[117],"paper,":[118],"mechanical":[120],"behavior":[121],"during":[122],"excavation,":[124],"including":[125],"that":[126],"stabilized":[129],"ground,":[130],"evaluated":[132],"through":[133],"trapdoor":[134],"experiments":[135],"numerical":[137],"analyses.":[138],"addition,":[140],"enhancement":[142],"tunnel":[144],"stability":[145],"resulting":[146],"from":[147],"application":[149],"discussed.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2017-01-06T00:00:00"}